Rational统一过程中的Use Case业务建模

在利用统一建模语言UML和Rational统一过程建立软件系统模型和开发软件系统时，首要的任务就是建立系统的业务模型，本文通过实例详细论述了Use Case以及利用Use Case建立系统业务模型的方法。     

用Rational Rose实现连锁企业网上采购系统的建模设计

探讨了在Rational Unified Process(RUP)指导下，用Rational Rose实现连锁企业网上采购系统的面向对象建模与设计的过程；并结合采购的通用流程，建立了几种通用的网上采购模型。     

面向Rational统一过程的软件需求分析建模

本文阐述了如何在Rational统一过程(RUP,Rational Unified Process)中使用UML(Unified Modeling language)进行软件需求分析建模。介绍了UML与RUP结合的重要特征,以装备维修人力需求分析系统为例描述了其需求分析过程的用例图模型、静态模型和动态模型,不仅使维修人力需求分析过程可视化,而且为实现面向对象的编程奠定了基础。     

基于UML状态图的模型信息自动提取技术研究

UML是OMG用于软件系统的可视化、详述、构造和文档化的统一建模语言,状态图是UML模型的重要组成部分,用于描述系统的动态行为.在研究Rational Rose及其状态图文档的基础上,提出了通过UML状态图自动提取模型信息的两种方法-基于LALR(1)文法和基于Rose的扩展接口的提取方法,并对两种方法进行了比较分析.自动提取模型信息技术提高了协议测试序列的自动生成效率.     

迎接UML 2.0

2003年4月 Rational 公司在上海举行UML 讲座,这时的 Rational 已经成为IBM 旗下的一员。这次讲座,Bran Selic 作为 IBM 公司的 Thought Leader亲自介绍了UML2.0的标准进展情况和未来发展方向(Bran Selic 是 IBM Rational 加拿大的首席工程师。具有30年实时软件系统的设计开发经验,是《Real-Time Object-OrientedModeling》的作者。近来,Bran 正在领导一个小组为实时应用制订 UML profile 的OMG 标准)。在 Selic 为我们介绍 UML2.0的时候,觉得 UML2.0似乎距离我们还很     

UML在云台控制系统业务建模中的应用

运用UML开发工具Rational Rose,建立云台控制系统业务模型,该业务模型为建立系统功能需求奠定了坚实的基础,保证了软件系统开发的顺利进行,探索一种新的软件开发理念.     

软件形式化与可视化软件模型的转换

1.前言现有的面向对象的可视化方法和形式化方法都具有各自的优点,UML是可以完全可视化的图形语言,使用简单,能够很好地体现面向对象软件开发的特点。现在已经有很多面向对象的软件CASE工具都支持UML,其中包括Rational公司的Rational Rose系列,微软公司的Visio,北大青鸟CASE工具,Visual UML等。这些工具支持基于UML的软件开发过程模型RUP(Rational Unify Process)下工作,能够很方便地使用UML建立软件模型,根据软件模型可以自动     

基于UML的B/S结构校务管理系统建模设计

讨论了UML的建模的机制和特点,并在RUP(Rational Unified Process )指导下,把面向对象的设计方法运用于B/S模式的软件系统,利用Rational ROSE工具完成B/S结构的校务管理系统建模;通过内聚式、迭代式的UML建模设计,清晰地把握了校务系统的逻辑和框架结构,为成功完成校务系统建立了基础,并整理出一套B/S模式系统建模的方案.     

由序列图合成状态图

序列图和状态图对于描述和理解面向对象软件系统有着极其重要的作用。符合UML标准的序列图和状态图存在信息重叠，根据序列图提供的信息可以合成状态图。给出了在Rational Rose中由序列图合成状态图工具的实现。     

基于RUP思想和B/S模式的考试系统

RUP，即Rational统一过程，是目前较为流行的软件开发方法。它是以架构为中心，采用用例驱动的、迭代的增量的软件开发过程，它解决了软件系统在规模、复杂性、分布和重要性上不断扩张带来的一系列的技术和组织上的问题。而随着现代远程教育的兴起，传统的C／S模式考试系统已不能满足时代的需要。文中正是以C语言考试系统为例，研究如何利用基于RUP思想的开发方法来把握一个B/S系统的接体开发的架构与过程。     

Designing communicating transaction processes by supervisory control theory

A Communicating Transaction Process (CTP) is a computational model that serves as a high level specification language for reactive embedded system components and their interactions. It consists of a network of communicating processes coordinating their behaviors via common actions and the common actions are refined as a set of guarded Message Sequence Charts (MSCs). There has been little work devoted to developing CTP models systematically. This paper takes the first step towards bridging this gap. In our work, communicating processes of embedded components are modeled and controlled as Discrete-Event Systems (DES). The control logic among communicating components is derived by Supervisory Control Theory (SCT), so as to guarantee that the communicating processes meet all predefined constraints and possess other desirable system behavioral properties. The control logic is then translated into propositional formulas for guarded MSCs which then results in a CTP model with guaranteed behavioral properties.     

Reasoning with contextual requirements: Detecting inconsistency and conflicts

ContextThe environment in which the system operates, its context, is variable. The autonomous ability of a software to adapt to context has to be planned since the requirements analysis stage as a strong mutual influence between requirements and context does exist. On the one hand, context is a main factor to decide whether to activate a requirement, the applicable alternatives to meet an activated requirement as well as their qualities. On the other hand, the system actions to reach requirements could cause changes in the context.ObjectivesModelling the relationship between requirements and context is a complex task and developing error-free models is hard to achieve without an automated support. The main objective of this paper is to develop a set of automated analysis mechanisms to support the requirements engineers to detect and analyze modelling errors in contextual requirements models.MethodWe study the analysis of the contextual goal model which is a requirements model that weaves together the variability of both context and requirements. Goal models are used during the early stages of software development and, thus, our analysis detects errors early in the development process. We develop two analysis mechanisms to detect two kinds of modelling errors. The first mechanism concerns the detection of inconsistent specification of contexts in a goal model. The second concerns the detection of conflicting context changes that arise as a consequence of the actions performed by the system to meet different requirements simultaneously. We support our analysis with a CASE tool and provide a systematic process that guides the construction and analysis of contextual goal models. We illustrate and evaluate our framework via a case study on a smart-home system for supporting the life of people having dementia problems.ResultsThe evaluation showed a significant ability of our analysis mechanisms to detect errors which were not notable by requirements engineers. Moreover, the evaluation showed acceptable performance of these mechanisms when processing up to medium-sized contextual goal models. The modelling constructs which we proposed as an input to enable the analysis were found easy to understand and capture.ConclusionsOur developed analysis for the detection of inconsistency and conflicts in contextual goal models is an essential step for the entire system correctness. It avoids us developing unusable and unwanted functionalities and functionalities which lead to conflicts when they operate together. Further research to improve our analysis to scale with large-sized models and to consider other kinds of errors is still needed.     

Process systems and passivity via the Clausius-Planck inequality

In this paper we define a process system to be a system which has actions with the Clausius-Planck and conservation properties. We use standard and well established results derived from macroscopic thermodynamics to show that a process system has actions which satisfy the dissipation inequality. Furthermore, these actions have an inner product structure and a link between the thermodynamic theory of process systems and the input-output passivity theory of nonlinear control is established. The paper therefore represents a step towards developing a passivity based approach for distributed control system design for chemical processes. A review of relevant concepts from thermodynamics is given in an appendix.     

Predictive human operator model to be utilized as a controller using linear,neuro-fuzzy and fuzzy-ARX modeling techniques

Modeling human operator's behavior as a controller in a closed-loop control system recently finds applications in areas such as training of inexperienced operators by expert operator's model or developing warning systems for drivers by observing the driver model parameter variations. In this research, first, an experimental setup has been developed for collecting data from human operators as they controlled a nonlinear system. Appropriate reference signals and scenarios were designed according to the system identification and human operator modeling theory, to collect data from subjects. Different modeling schemes, namely ARX models as linear approach, and adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) as intelligent modeling approach have been evaluated. A hybrid modeling method, fuzzy-ARX (F-ARX) model, has been developed and its performance was found to be better in terms of predicting human operator's control actions as well as replacing the operator as a stand-alone controller. It has been concluded that F-ARX models can be a good alternative for modeling the human operator.     

Defining Dynamic Graphics by a Graphical Language

A graphical language which can be used for defining dynamic picture and applying control actions to it is defined with an expanded attributed grammar.Based on this a system is built for developing the presentation of application data of user interface.This system provides user interface designers with a friendly and high efficient programming environment.     

Prediction-based diagnosis and loss prevention using qualitative multi-scale models

A prototype prediction based intelligent diagnostic system that is capable of integrating qualitative and quantitative process models and operational experience in the form of HAZOP result tables is proposed in this paper.The diagnostic system utilizes Gensym’s real time G2 expert system software. Its diagnostic “cause-effect” rules and possible actions (suggestions) are extracted from the results of standard HAZOP analysis. The knowledge base of the system is organized in a hierarchical way following the hierarchy levels of a multi-scale model of the process system. This supports focusing used by fault detection and loss prevention and thus decomposes the otherwise computationally hard problem. Prediction by simplified dynamic models are used to reduce ambiguity in case of multiple possible causes and/or multiple possible mitigating actions.The system is illustrated on the example of a commercial fertilizer granulator circuit using a simulation test bed.     

Preventive maintenance and replacement scheduling for repairable and maintainable systems using dynamic programming

This paper presents mathematical models and a solution approach to determine the optimal preventive maintenance schedules for a repairable and maintainable series system of components with an increasing rate of occurrence of failure (ROCOF). The maintenance planning horizon has been divided into discrete and equally-sized periods and in each period, three possible actions for each component (maintain it, replace it, or do nothing) have been considered. The optimal decisions for each component in each period are investigated such that the objectives and the requirements of the system can be achieved. In particular, the cases of minimizing total cost subject to a constraint on system reliability, and maximizing system reliability subject to a budgetary constraint on overall cost have been modeled. As the optimization methodology, dynamic programming combined with branch-and-bound method is utilized and the effectiveness of the approach is presented through the use of a numerical example. Such a modeling approach should be useful for maintenance planners and engineers tasked with the problem of developing recommended maintenance plans for complex systems of components.     

基于流演算理论的动态访问控制模型研究

访问控制模型为系统的信息安全提供了一个理论框架,其目的是保护系统资源不被非法用户盗用,防止合法用户对受保护信息进行非法使用。然而,现有的访问控制模型大部分属于静态授权模型,不能方便地描述大规模、异构的分布式网络系统中授权过程的动态变化。为了解决上述不足,在充分研究流演算理论的基础上,提出了一个基于流演算理论的访问控制模型(FCDAC)。FCDAC将动态世界中的所有授权过程都看作是动作的结果,通过动作来实现状态的变化,并且在系统中只需描述动作的前提条件公理和状态更新公理就可容易地实现权限的变化。最后,通过一个教务管理实例验证上述理论,结果表明FCDAC是可行的。     

Formal affordance-based models of computer virus reproduction

We present a novel classification of computer viruses using a formalised notion of reproductive models based on Gibson’s theory of affordances. A computer virus reproduction model consists of: a labelled transition system to represent the states and actions involved in that virus’s reproduction; a notion of entities that are active in the reproductive process, and are present in certain states; a sequence of actions corresponding to the means of reproduction of the virus; and a formalisation of the actions afforded by entities to other entities. Informally, an affordance is an action that one entity allows another to perform. For example, an operating system might afford a computer virus the ability to read data from the disk. We show how computer virus reproduction models can be classified according to whether or not any of their reproductive actions are afforded by other entities. We give examples of reproduction models for three different computer viruses, and show how reproduction model classification can be automated. To demonstrate this we give three examples of how computer viruses can be classified automatically using static and dynamic analysis, and show how classifications can be tailored for different types of anti-virus behaviour monitoring software. Finally, we compare our approach with related work, and give directions for future research.