基于学习的高分辨率掌纹细节点质量评价方法

细节点在高分辨率掌纹匹配中扮演了重要角色,然而掌纹图像受到主线、褶皱线等的影响,提取出的细节点质量参差不齐.所以,对细节点进行质量评价并去除伪细节点,成为一个研究课题.提出了一种基于学习的高分辨率掌纹细节点质量评价方法.首先使用了基于图像的Gabor卷积响应和复数滤波响应等的一系列特征,用来对细节点局部进行冗余描述;然后,把每个特征作为弱分类器,用AdaBoost算法进行多层训练,挑选出对真伪细节点判别效果最理想的特征;最后,把弱分类器加权线性组合的响应分数作为细节点质量的得分,筛选出得分在阈值以上的细节点作为真细节点.该方法的实验结果与基于傅里叶变换的方法相比,能够更好地区分真伪细节点,对细节点的质量做出了更好的评价.     

指纹图像后处理

指纹比对通常是细节点集间的匹配。指纹图像经预处理后，由于各种原因，会产生数以百计的特征。为了图像匹配的精确和快速，提出了一套在细化后的指纹点图上提取细节特征并对其剪枝的方法，并根据细节特征的拓扑特征，设计了验证了其可靠性的算法，通过实验，证明了该后处理过程在去除指纹图像伪特征方面具有良好的效果。     

基于D-S证据理论的掌纹识别

研究了掌纹识别问题,对掌纹图像特征提取、多特征的融合技术作了一定程度的探讨。采用数学形态学方法提取掌纹线特征;基于Gabor滤波器描述掌纹图像的纹理特征。利用掌纹的线特征和纹理特征两个信息分别作两个分类器的特征,利用模糊规则求出各分类器的基本概率分配函数,最后利用D-S证据理论的合成法则对两个分类器的结果进行融合判决。实验结果表明,这种方法是有效的,可行的。     

A fast and accurate palmprint recognition system based on minutiae

Palmprint recognition is a challenging problem, mainly due to low quality of the pattern, large nonlinear distortion between different impressions of the same palm and large image size, which makes feature extraction and matching computationally demanding. This paper introduces a high-resolution palmprint recognition system based on minutiae. The proposed system follows the typical sequence of steps used in fingerprint recognition, but each step has been specifically designed and optimized to process large palmprint images with a good tradeoff between accuracy and speed. A sequence of robust feature extraction steps allows to reliably detect minutiae; moreover, the matching algorithm is very efficient and robust to skin distortion, being based on a local matching strategy and an efficient and compact representation of the minutiae. Experimental results show that the proposed system compares very favorably with the state of the art.     

基于信息融合的指纹细节特征提取

为了准确提取指纹特征信息,提出一种基于Gabor滤波器和小波分析相结合的指纹特征信息提取方法.该方法分别利用Gabor滤波器和小波分析对原始指纹图像进行预处理,并提取特征点,取两种不同方法提取的特征点集的交集作为真实特征点,以此减少甚至消除伪特征点.实验结果表明了本方法能正确提取指纹特征信息.     

Online palmprint identification

Biometrics-based personal identification is regarded as an effective method for automatically recognizing, with a high confidence, a person's identity. This paper presents a new biometric approach to online personal identification using palmprint technology. In contrast to the existing methods, our online palmprint identification system employs low-resolution palmprint images to achieve effective personal identification. The system consists of two parts: a novel device for online palmprint image acquisition and an efficient algorithm for fast palmprint recognition. A robust image coordinate system is defined to facilitate image alignment for feature extraction. In addition, a 2D Gabor phase encoding scheme is proposed for palmprint feature extraction and representation. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed system.     

一种新的掌纹特征提取方法研究

提出一种基于Gabor小波和改进的广义K-L变换的掌纹识别方法。该方法首先对测试样本的掌纹ROI灰度图像进行Gabor小波变换,得到其Gabor特征向量,然后利用改进的广义K-L变换方法将高维特征向量变换到低维空间,最后将得到的低维特征向量利用欧氏距离法与训练样本库中的特征向量作匹配识别。该方法首次将基于时频变换的特征提取算法与基于子空间的特征提取算法结合起来,既充分利用了Gabor函数优良的特征提取性能,又有效解决了高维特征的降维处理问题。通过使用自行采集的数据库对该方法作对比实验,获得了94%的识别率     

Document scanners for minutiae-based palmprint recognition: a feasibility study

Highly expensive capturing devices and barely existent high-resolution palmprint datasets have slowed the development of forensic palmprint biometric systems in comparison with civilian systems. These issues are addressed in this work. The feasibility of using document scanners as a cheaper option to acquire palmprints for minutiae-based matching systems is explored. A new high-resolution palmprint dataset was established using an industry-standard Green Bit MC517 scanner and an HP Scanjet G4010 document scanner. Furthermore, a new enhancement algorithm to attenuate the negative effect of creases in the process of minutiae extraction is proposed. Experimental results highlight the potentialities of document scanners for forensic applications. Advantages and disadvantages of both technologies are discussed in this context as well.

     

A comparative study on feature extraction for fingerprint classification and performance improvements using rank-level fusion

Fingerprint classification represents an important preprocessing step in fingerprint identification, which can be very helpful in reducing the cost of searching large fingerprint databases. Over the past years, several different approaches have been proposed for extracting distinguishable features and improving classification performance. In this paper, we present a comparative study involving four different feature extraction methods for fingerprint classification and propose a rank-based fusion scheme for improving classification performance. Specifically, we have compared two well-known feature extraction methods based on orientation maps (OMs) and Gabor filters with two new methods based on "minutiae maps" and "orientation collinearity". Each feature extraction method was compared with each other using the NIST-4 database in terms of accuracy and time. Moreover, we have investigated the issue of improving classification performance using rank-level fusion. When evaluating each feature extraction method individually, OMs performed the best. Gabor features fell behind OMs mainly because their computation is sensitive to errors in localizing the registration point. When fusing the rankings of different classifiers, we found that combinations involving OMs improve performance, demonstrating the importance of orientation information for classification purposes. Overall, the best classification results were obtained by fusing orientation map with orientation collinearity classifiers.     

基于Gabor小波变换和最佳鉴别特征的掌纹识别

提出了一种提取掌纹图像特征的方法,该方法的实现过程如下：首先,计算掌纹图像上均布离散位置的二维Gabor小波变换系数的幅值,将其作为掌纹图像的原始特征;其次,利用主分量分析实现Gabor小波特征的降维;最后,通过线性判别分析提取最有利于分类的最佳鉴别特征。实验结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

模糊几何和纹理特征在指纹细节点后处理中的应用

指纹识别一般基于指纹细节点匹配，当指纹图像质量较差时，细节点的可靠提取十分困难，通常会产生大量的虚假细节点．为提高细节点的精度，给出一种在原始灰度指纹图像上进行细节点后处理验证的方法．在每个自动提取出的细节点上取其在原始灰度指纹图像上的局部邻域，分析邻域图像的模糊几何特征和纹理特征，然后用MLP神经网络对提取出的局部邻域特征进行分类，实现细节点类型验证．实验结果表明：文中方法能有效地去除大量的虚假细节点，与其他方法相比具有较高精度．     

基于Gabor局部相对特征的掌纹识别

Gabor变换是掌纹识别中提取纹理特征的一个重要工具,但其性能易受图像的变化以及不均衡噪声等因素影响,因此提出了一种基于Gabor局部相对特征的掌纹识别算法。该算法对原始图像进行微尺度不变Gabor滤波;结合分形学的思想,将滤波后的图像分成大小相等的子域,每个子域又分成多个相同的子块,计算每个子块与它所在子域的相对方差,将所有子块的相对方差排列组成表征图像的特征向量进行识别。该算法将微尺度不变与局部相对特性统一,所提取的特征对各种变化有很强的鲁棒性,提高了识别精度和效率。实验使用北京交通大学BJTU_PalmprintDB证明该算法的有效性。     

基于实值Gabor变换的掌纹识别

掌纹识别作为一种重要的生物特征识别方法,其中的一个重要环节就是掌纹特征的提取,本文提出了一种基于实数形式离散Gabor变换的掌纹特征提取方法,将空域的掌纹图像变换到联合（时间）空间频率域并将其联合（时间）空间频率域的能量分布作为掌纹的特征,以此为基础分别使用欧式距离和支持向量机进行了不同掌纹的匹配识别。实验结果表明,该算法对掌纹图像小的平移、小角度的旋转和小的手掌伸缩具有鲁棒性,并且获得了较高的识别率。     

指纹图像预处理和特征提取算法的Matlab实现

在指纹识别中,作为指纹匹配的前提和基础,指纹图像的预处理和指纹图像的特征提取对整个指纹识别算法起着至关重要的作用。本文设计了一套指纹图像预处理和指纹特征提取算法,利用方向滤波的方法对原始图像进行增强,使用改进的细化算法进行细化,最后基于脊线跟踪的方法,用改进的算法更为简洁而有效地避免了各种伪特征。设计的算法经Matlab实现,实验效果良好。该算法为指纹识别进一步应用到实际提供了一定的技术基础。     

指纹图像细节点及显著特征的提取

提出了一种改进的指纹细节特征提取算法。该算法首先在细化后的指纹图像上直接提取原始细节特征点集,然后针对不同的噪声,采用针对性的算法,将各类噪声引起的伪特征点分别予以删除,最终保留下来的特征点集即视为真正的特征点集。通过分析细节特征点之间的联系,在整幅图像范围内构造了3种类型的显著特征,提出了一种显著特征提取算法,在已提取的特征点集的基础上,提取出指纹图像的显著特征。     

一种采用脊线特征的指纹模糊匹配方法

针对目前指纹识别系统主要采用手指上细节点的分布来表征和匹配指纹,提出了一种采用指纹脊线特征的匹配算法,以提高细节点数量较少情况下的匹配精度.在特征提取阶段,通过脊线采样,只存储脊线采样点集以降低存储量;在匹配时,对欲匹配的两指纹利用细节特征配准脊线集,在重合区域内对两指纹脊线统一进行编码,通过编码的比较确定相似脊线;以相似脊线的相同位置编码为论域,以相同位置编码的相似程度为隶属度,建立衡量脊线相似程度的模糊集,采用加权平均法对多个相似脊线模糊集进行综合评判得到两指纹脊线总体相似度.最后将脊线匹配相似度与细节点匹配相似度进行加权融合得到两指纹最终的相似度.在FVC2004指纹库上的实验表明该算法能够有效提高指纹匹配的准确性.     

Generalized Gabor filters for palmprint recognition

Orientation-based coding approaches have recently been widely employed for face and palmprint recognition where generally, one starts with a set of Gabor filters to extract orientation information and then proceeds to code dominant orientations as features for each point of the palmprint. However, as the Gabor filter is developed to model two-dimensional receptive fields of simple cells in straits cortex, it might not be our best choice when dealing with curved and complex structures inherent in the palmprint texture. Motivated by this intuition, this paper shows that Gabor filters are a subset of a bigger family of filters which we refer to as generalized Gabor filter (GGF). Depending on the values of its parameters, a GGF takes a rather diverse shapes and orientations, which results in a potentially finer feature extraction capability. We show this improved capability by employing GGFs in the palmprint verification process. In applying our method, two different sub-banks of GGFs are defined for the orientation-based feature extraction of palmprints, and when compared with Gabor filters, it will be shown that GGFs have the upper hand in capturing orientation features. Furthermore, compared with the competitive code—one of the well-known orientation-based coding methods—the number of employed orientations is reduced to half. This would automatically compensate for a double usage of the filter banks, which otherwise could increase the time complexity of using GGFs. These ideas are further elaborated using a set of experiments on PolyU II and PolyU 2D/3D palmprint databases. The results show the preeminence of using GGFs both in terms of accuracy and efficiency.     

掌纹鉴别自动性能评估

研究关于掌纹鉴别系统的性能评测问题,设计并实现了一个用于性能评测的自动测试系统（ASPE）,此系统采用的是掌纹识别系统的处理核心。同时还提出了一种基于特征点（终点和分叉点）的评测方法和用于量化评估的俩个主要指标-召回率和准确率.此系统可以直接在样张上显示标准特征点和提取特征点,方便开发人员的对比并发现问题,从速度和精确度的测试结果看出自动的性能评测在效率和准确上都大大超过了人工测试。     

基于移动设备的掌纹验证系统

针对掌纹识别在智能移动设备上的应用,提出一种掌纹识别算法,并嵌入到联想ET980智能手机,开发基于移动设备的掌纹验证系统。以新的方式采集掌纹图像并给出相应的预处理算法。使用优化的Gabor判别方法提取掌纹特征,减少特征提取的时间。系统验证一张掌纹图像的时间小于1 s,同时可获得EER=3.89%的识别精度,满足验证系统的实时性和精度要求。