一种面向网络安全检测的高性能正则表达式匹配算法

目前进行正则表达式匹配的典型工具DFA和NFA都存在匹配效率和内存需求之间不可调和的矛盾,无法胜任网络安全检测中大规模正则表达式的匹配.为了解决这个问题,文中从网络安全检测的行为特点出发,结合DFA、NFA模型各自的特性,提出了一种基于猜测-验证的匹配方法.首先使用DFA对正则表达式中的部分子特征进行搜索,完成特征存在性的猜测;当猜测到有可能匹配某个特征后,再使用NFA进行验证.文中方法既充分利用了DFA的高效性,减少了对相对较慢的验证过程的调用,又借助NFA避免了内存消耗过于巨大.结果表明,该方法可以在大大减少内存需求的情况下,实现正则表达式的高效匹配.     

基于分类子块的图像检索

图像等分成M×N块后,将子块分成背景子块、目标子块和边缘子块三类,并从中提取颜色、空间特征和边缘特征,求图像间相似度时只在同类子块之间进行匹配.这样既减少了匹配运算量,又可避免不同类子块匹配所产生的干扰.实验结果表明,该方法不仅求图像间相似度的运算量小,而且对图像的旋转和平移变化不敏感,具有较好的检索性能.     

一种改进的OSID的图像匹配算法

针对OSID在构建描述符时未考虑一个特征点的图像块里存在其他特征点,以及生成直方图描述子匹配速度较慢的问题,提出一种基于OSID的改进二进制描述符。在OSID描述符构建的过程中,扇形个数m的选择是固定的,因此提出当一个特征点的图像块里有多个特征点时,尝试将m的值自适应,丰富描述子所包含的信息,提高算法的正确匹配率;并将OSID最后生成的直方图描述子编码成二进制描述子,使用汉明距离代替欧氏距离进行图像匹配,提高算法的匹配速度。在标准数据集上进行测试,结果表明在复杂的视点变化、图像模糊和JPEG压缩等场景下,改进OSID的匹配精度优于同类描述符以及原算法。     

一种新的快速块运动估计的分级筛选法

提出了一种新的分级筛选法用于快速的块匹配运动估计 .该方法中最佳匹配块通过若干个筛选过程得到 ,每个筛选过程用不同大小级别的子块作为基元进行匹配 .在初始的级别中用很少的运算代价通过简单的特征匹配先淘汰一部分候选匹配块 ;然后在上一级剩余的候选块中 ,逐级用更加细致的特征继续筛选 ;直至找到最佳匹配块 .对不同运动复杂性的视频的实验表明 ,在搜索范围为 (- 7,7)× (- 7,7)的情况下 ,分级筛选法不仅在速度上比一些常见的快速运动估计方法要快 ,而且估计精度与全搜索法非常相近 .     

遮挡情况下基于特征相关匹配的目标跟踪算法

特征相关匹配是重要的运动目标跟踪方法.目标特征有灰度特征和边缘特征两大类,在遮挡情况下,采用哪种特征进行匹配,要根据目标本身属性来确定.本文先对目标灰度性质做出判断,然后根据灰度单一或是丰富来合理选择边缘相关匹配或者是基于多子块的灰度相关匹配来解决遮挡情况下的刚性目标跟踪问题.其中边缘匹配算法是通过当前边缘与实时更新模板的最优匹配来确定目标的运动位移量.基于多子块的灰度相关匹配算法通过目标的各个具有较明显特征的子块准确判定遮挡区域,利用剩余的未被遮挡的子块参与灰度相关匹配继续跟踪目标.实验结果表明,这种算法是十分有效的.     

基于卷积神经网络的直线描述方法研究

为提高直线特征匹配的可靠性,提出一种基于卷积神经网络（CNN）学习的直线特征描述方法。构建用于网络学习的大规模直线数据集,该数据集包含约20.8万对匹配直线对,每条直线用其周围的局部图像块表征。将图像块输入CNN,利用HardNet网络结构提取特征,使用三元组损失函数进行训练,输出强鲁棒性的直线特征描述子。实验结果表明,与手工设计的描述子MSLD和IOCD相比,该描述子在视角、模糊、尺度和旋转变化下均具有较好的区分性,在图像拼接应用中同样表现出良好的描述性能。     

基于加权相似性度量的特征匹配方法

针对图像特征匹配过程中采集图像易受噪声、光照、尺度等因素影响使产生的匹配结果鲁棒性差、误匹配率高等问题,提出一种基于加权相似性度量（WSM）的特征匹配方法。该方法首先采用基于网格多密度聚类的特征匹配（FM_GMC）算法对原始图像进行特征聚类块划分;其次在每一特征聚类块中,采用Canny提取边缘特征点并使用尺度不变特征变换（SIFT） 进行描述;然后采用加权的方式对特征聚类块之间的空间上下文信息间的Hausdorff距离、图像特征点外观描述子间的欧氏距离以及图像特征点的局部几何灰度信息的归一化互相关度量（NCC）进行相似性度量;最后依据最近邻距离比值（NNDR）对相似性度量结果进一步优化,从而确定特征匹配结果。以古建筑图像为数据集的实验结果表明WSM方法的平均匹配精确率达到92%,在匹配数量和精确率上优于常用的特征匹配方法,验证了该方法的有效性和鲁棒性。     

基于与中间块比较的快速分形图像编码

针对基本分形图像编码算法时间过长的问题,提出了一种基于与中间块比较的快速分形编码算法。该算法是对基于形态特征的快速分形图像编码算法的改进,将形态特征意义下的最近邻匹配改进为与中间块的误差意义下的最近邻匹配,并且在最近邻的邻域内进一步搜索最优匹配父块时,对各父块进行8种等距变换,而不是在找到最优匹配父块后进行,同时引进误差阈值来控制子块搜索的邻域范围。实验结果表明,该算法编码速度大大提高,并且在相近编码时间的前提下该算法的解码图像质量比基于形态特征的算法好。     

结合SIFT和Delaunay三角网的遥感图像配准算法

针对高分辨率遥感图像中提取的特征点数目过大且易存在误匹配点的问题,提出了一种粗配准和精配准相结合的高分辨率遥感图像配准算法.首先对图像降采样处理后,提取大尺度空间下的SIFT特征点,求得仿射变换模型完成图像粗配准;然后对图像进行分块,利用SIFT方法对每幅子块图像提取特征点,并找到对应子块图像之间的匹配点对;之后利用特征点构建Delaunay三角网,计算每对子块图像之间的三角形相似度,构成相似矩阵,从中挑选相似度大的三角形对以构成精确匹配点对;最后利用得到的精确匹配点对实现最终的图像配准.该算法能够减少提取的特征点数且剔除更多的错误匹配点,从而进一步提高精确匹配点率.实验结果表明了算法的有效性.     

基于子块均值的快速块匹配算法

根据积分图像对匹配误差函数进行变形，提出了一种新的局部匹配误差函数——基于子块均值的匹配误差函数。实验表明，基于子块均值的匹配误差函数与完全匹配误差函数相比具有相当的运动估算质量和更快的运动估算速度，与基于子抽样的匹配误差函数相比同时具有更优的运动估算质量和速度。子块划分的恒常性，也保证了基于子块均值的匹配误差函数对于不同的匹配图像所消耗的时间大致相同，非常适合于实时视频压缩等应用。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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