基于RFID技术的四旋翼无人机轨迹跟踪控制系统设计

为促进四旋翼无人机的飞行自主性,增强无人监管情况下飞行器主机所具备的避障行进能力,设计基于RFID技术的四旋翼无人机轨迹跟踪控制系统;采用RFID标签识别技术,调制处理既定控制信号,利用标签识别协议,连接微型四旋翼轨迹控制器与内环姿态控制器,通过数据通信链路,提取轨迹跟踪控制所需的传输电子量,完成轨迹跟踪控制系统硬件设计;利用动力系统中的参数辨识策略,确定与轨迹姿态控制相关的物理规律标注,实现四旋翼无人机轨迹跟踪控制;实验结果表明,与机器视觉型控制系统相比,基于RFID技术的控制系统的SSI避障行进指标数值相对较高,全局最大值达到了 79％,四旋翼无人机滚转角平均值为85°,能够有效抑制四旋翼无人机滚转角的数值上升趋势,增强无人监管情况下飞行器主机避障行进能力.     

四旋翼无人机吊挂系统防摆控制方法研究北大核心CSCD

为了解决四旋翼无人机在吊挂负载飞行过程中吊挂负载在其水平方向摆角波动过大、不能消除、四旋翼无人机无法精确定位等实际工程问题,通过能量分析的方法研究提出了一种基于能量分析的四旋翼无人机吊挂飞行系统非线性耦合防摆控制器。首先,采用拉格朗日法建立了四旋翼无人机吊挂飞行系统的二维动力学模型;然后,通过非线性能量耦合的方法设计了针对此系统的非线性耦合防摆控制器,通过拉塞尔不变性原理和李雅普诺夫方法证明了该闭环反馈控制系统的稳定性。结果表明,所提出的非线性能量耦合控制器能够适用于多种飞行运输情景,在其改变飞行目标位置、吊挂负载质量、附加初始摆动时均有良好的控制效果。最后,通过数值仿真,与其他基于能量分析的控制器,就其目标定位、摆角消除等控制效果进行了对比,结果表明所提出的控制器在改变飞行目标位置、吊挂负载质量、附加初始摆动时,均具有良好的鲁棒性。     

无人机吊挂飞行的非线性控制方法设计

针对四旋翼无人机吊挂飞行系统,本文设计了一种新型控制策略.本文首先建立了四旋翼无人机吊挂系统的数学模型.其中负载被看作由刚性绳悬挂在四旋翼无人机重心位置的质点.之后本文通过能量分析的方法设计了针对此系统的非线性控制器.本文提出的控制方法可以在抑制吊挂负载摆动的同时将四旋翼无人机移动到目标位置.本文运用李雅普诺夫稳定性分析和拉塞尔不变性原理对闭环系统的稳定性进行了证明.最后,通过数值仿真,分别将本控制器镇定控制和调节控制的控制效果与线性二次调节器(linear-quadratic regulator,LQR)控制器进行了对比.     

hp自适应RPM在四旋翼无人机轨迹优化中的应用

通过分析四旋翼无人机动力学模型并获取实际参数,利用hp自适应Radau伪谱法(Radau pseudospectral method RPM)优化四旋翼无人机避障轨迹。hp自适应RPM利用Legendre-Gauss-Radau(LGR)点将连续最优控制问题转化为非线性规划问题,根据不同点处的误差进行自适应的细化区间或增加配点,以最快的速度逼近状态变量和控制变量。根据仿真结果显示,在以轨迹最短为目标的情况下,hp自适应RPM效率较高,目标轨迹更短,优化结果较为满意。     

基于加速度补偿的无人机吊挂飞行抗摆控制

为了抑制四旋翼无人机（UAV）吊挂飞行中的载荷摆动,研究了一种新的基于加速度补偿的抗摆控制方法。首先,基于拉格朗日法建立了四旋翼UAV吊挂系统的非线性动态特性方程,并构建了能量函数来设计飞行控制系统,使四旋翼UAV跟踪参考轨迹;然后,利用吊挂载荷运动轨迹广义误差设计抗摆控制器,对四旋翼UAV进行加速度补偿以修正UAV的运动轨迹,进而抑制因四旋翼UAV快速运动造成的吊挂载荷摆动;最后,通过仿真对加速度补偿前后的UAV吊挂飞行控制效果进行对比分析。仿真结果表明,基于加速度补偿的飞行控制方法不仅能保证UAV吊挂飞行的平稳,而且能为飞行控制系统提供足够的稳定裕度。     

基于自适应阈值的无人机避障算法研究

针对四旋翼无人机飞行中障碍物规避问题，采用改进型向量场直方图算法进行避障策略设计。主要针对传统VFH算法存在的阈值敏感问题，设计了一种自适应阈值函数。根据传感器有效量程以及运动惯性等约束条件，动态调整阈值门限，有效地解决了小阈值造成的避障路径曲折问题，以及大阈值造成的无人机避障滞后的缺点。数值分析和实验表明，通过增加自适应阈值函数，改善了传统向量场直方图算法存在的阈值敏感问题，满足了无人机自主避障控制要求。     

一种多约束下无人机编队的模型预测控制算法

针对多无人机在编队飞行过程中需满足机间避碰、通信、避障等约束的问题,设计一种考虑多约束的分布式模型预测控制算法,使无人机编队在满足上述约束的前提下,实现轨迹跟踪、队形保持.首先,在不考虑通信时延、外界干扰、噪声的情况下,以四旋翼为控制对象,建立线性时不变的单机及编队运动模型;然后,在考虑状态约束、输入约束、机间避碰、机间通信、避障等多种约束的情况下,以轨迹跟踪、队形保持为控制目标,基于虚拟领航策略设计一种分布式模型预测控制算法;接着,对优化问题的可行性以及编队系统的渐近稳定性进行分析,其中算法的终端部分设计、相容性约束设计是保证系统稳定的关键;最后,利用6架无人机仿真验证所提出控制算法的有效性.     

基于凸面体圆弧航路的无人机自主避障算法

为解决无人机飞行过程中障碍物规避问题,提出一种新的三维自主避障算法.首先,根据障碍物的若干信息利用标准凸面体对不规则障碍物进行数学建模,用一个或多个标准凸面体覆盖障碍物整体或关键部分;然后,根据障碍物模型设计圆弧规避航路算法,将避障问题转化为跟踪规避航路控制问题,并定义避障判定、避障方向判断和成功避障规则;最后,结合非线性制导律和高度通道控制,实现无人机实时三维航路跟踪与自主避障.非线性数值仿真结果表明,避障算法能够有效地规避障碍物且三维航路跟踪精度好,能够应用于无人机的避障飞行任务.     

基于一致性的小型四旋翼机群自主编队分布式运动规划

设计一种小型四旋翼无人机群起飞后自主形成正多边形编队的分布式运动规划方法.在四旋翼无人机的串级控制系统框架下,分布式编队控制器以简化agent模型为基础,同时采用平均一致性算法和有领导一致性算法,共同产生各无人机位置与偏航角的期望轨迹.讨论了达成最终协调目标队形的拓扑条件,并给出一种基于有向Hamilton环的通信拓扑设计方案.最后通过数值仿真验证了所提出算法的有效性.     

基于双旋Lyapunov矢量场的无人机避障算法

提出一种基于双旋Lyapunov矢量场的无人机避障算法.首先,建立无人机和障碍物的模型,并根据无人机有限时间是否会侵犯障碍物安全圆设计避障判定规则;然后,基于最小侧向偏移量原则选定避障机动中无人机速度旋转方向为最优避障方向,选定其反方向为矢量场旋转方向,定义成功避障的标准并进行证明;最后,通过建立的障碍物合并规则提升避障效率,使得上述方法适用于未知环境下的无人机在线避障.仿真结果表明,在无人机性能约束下,所提出的算法对动态和静态障碍都能有效避障,算法性能优于Dubins路径和人工势场法.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

法律信息库系统

本文分析了法律数据库的结构和特点，介绍了采用面向对象设计方法和超文本数据库技术开发和实现法律信息库系统将作为重要网络资源之一为不同用户进行法律咨询服务。     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

International Journal of Automation and Computing Table of Contents

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Information for authors

正SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences(Sci China Inf Sci),cosponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and published by Science China Press,is committed to publishing highquality,original results of both basic and applied research in all areas of information sciences,including computer science and technology;systems science,control science and engineering(published in Issues with odd numbers);information and communication engineering;electronic science and technology(published in Issues with even numbers).Sci China Inf Sci is published monthly in both print and electronic forms.It is indexed by Academic OneFile,Astrophysics Data System(ADS),CSA,Cabells,Current Contents/Engineering,Computing and Technology,DBLP,Digital Mathematics Registry,Earthquake Engineering Abstracts,Engineering Index,Engineered Materials Abstracts,Gale,Google,INSPEC,Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition,Mathematical Reviews,OCLC,ProQuest,SCOPUS,Science Citation Index Expanded,Summon by Serial Solutions,VINITI,Zentralblatt MATH.     

Erratum to: Fast global kernel fuzzy c-means clustering algorithm for consonant/vowel segmentation of speech signal

正Erratum to:J Zhejiang Univ-Sci C(ComputElectron)2014 15(7):551-563doi:10.1631/jzus.C1300320The original version of this article unfortunately contained mistakes.Algorithm 6 should be as follows:Algorithm 6 FGKFCM-F clustering Input:(1)X={x_1,x_2,…,x_N},,x_iR~d,i=1,2,…,N,the dataset;(2)C,1C≤N,the number of clusters;(3)ε0,the stopping criterion;     

Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE C (Computers & Electronics) Total contents

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A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.