网格缩减的自适应hp伪谱法

针对控制变量不连续的最优控制问题,本文提出一种自适应更新的忉伪谱法,这种方法在(Legendre Gauss Radau,LGR)点处取配点,能够以较小的网格规模获得较高的精度.通过计算相对误差估计,判断网格规模是增加还是缩减,若相对容许误差大于给定值,则增加网格区间数或网格配点数提高解的精度,反之则合并网格或减小网格配点数缩减网格规模提高计算效率.将hp伪谱法应用于最优控制问题,仿真验证了hp伪谱法的优越性.     

求解最优控制问题的Chebyshev-Gauss伪谱法

提出了一种求解最优控制问题的Chebyshev-Gauss伪谱法, 配点选择为Chebyshev-Gauss点. 通过比较非线性规划问题的Kaursh-Kuhn-Tucker条件和伪谱离散化的最优性条件, 导出了协态和Lagrange乘子的估计公式. 在状态逼近中, 采用了重心Lagrange插值公式, 并提出了一种简单有效的计算状态伪谱微分矩阵的方法. 该法的独特优势是具有良好的数值稳定性和计算效率. 仿真结果表明, 该法能够高精度地求解带有约束的复杂最优控制问题.     

改进的三角网格表面近似测地线算法

三角网格表面的测地线计算问题可转化为三角网格表面两点间的最短路径计算问题,为了快速地计算三角网格表面测地线,提出一种基于缩小最短路径搜索区域的三角网格表面近似测地线算法。将三角网格沿坐标系三坐标轴方向进行空间单元划分,使用A*算法求出两点间的最短路径盒子序列,进而得到新的搜索区域,计算三角网格上两点间的最短路径,迭代细分最短路径邻域内的边以构造新的网格求解测地线。实验结果表明,该算法能够快速准确地计算出三角网格表面任意两点间的近似测地线,有效解决大型三角网格上最短路径计算速度慢的问题,计算速度较改进前的算法提高了10倍~59倍。将该算法应用到虚拟肝脏手术系统的区域标定中,可满足虚拟场景中对计算实时性和效果真实性的要求。     

网格模型的局部编辑算法

提出一种新的网格模型局部编辑算法，该算法可以精确地控制变形区域的大小、边界和变形点的位移，克服了FFD及其改进算法的缺点．首先交互地定义一个附着在模型表面的控制网格；然后建立模型变形区域与控制网格间点的映射，再依据变形要求来编辑控制网格；最后根据映射关系反算出模型变形区域点的新位置．控制网格可以是参数曲面的控制网格，也可采用一般三角网格或预先定义的网格模板．为达到精确变形的目的，对模型与控制网格重叠的区域进行自适应细分．该算法计算简便、易于实现，并能达到很好的效果．     

基于扫描线的卫星区域覆盖分析算法

针对传统网格点法评估卫星区域覆盖性能时运算量大且效率低的问题,提出一种改进的卫星区域覆盖分析算法。在卫星覆盖带多边形生成和目标区域包围盒网格划分的基础上,基于经度方向的网格点构造扫描线,将扫描线与目标区域的相交部分作为初始计算对象,通过初始计算对象与覆盖带多边形的求交实现扫描线的分段划分,统计扫描线分段数据得到覆盖率、覆盖重数等指标。算例分析结果表明,该算法具有较低的时空复杂度,当网格数量超过80万时,运算时间仅为传统网格点法的1.19%。     

基于点邻域平坦度的网格重构算法

提出一种对散乱数据点进行网格重构的区域扩张算法．首先计算每个点的邻域平坦度,并在平坦区域构造一个种子三角面片;然后优先选取落在平坦区域的活动边进行扩张,并在扩张过程中引入平坦趋势作为最佳点选择的准则;最后通过后续处理构造出二维流形网格．实验结果表明,该算法能充分利用点邻域的平坦信息减少拓扑和几何错误发生的概率,较好地保持实体模型的尖锐特征．     

一种计算星座区域覆盖率的高效抽样网格点法

计算星座区域覆盖率的传统网格点法耗时长、计算效率低.基于抽样理论,提出了一种基于抽样的网格点仿真方法,并给出了两种不同类型精度要求下覆盖率计算的方法.同时,提出了误差估计方法,可以定量地根据置信度以及精度需求去调整网格大小,合理地控制误差与计算时间,避免了盲目调整导致的资源浪费.最后进行了仿真实验.实验结果表明,把抽样方法应用于网格点法之中是可行的也是有效的.而且,通过与传统的网格点计算方法相比,在不降低计算精度的前提下,抽样网格点法的计算效率可提高81倍,显著改善了区域覆盖的计算效率.     

hp自适应伪谱法在滑翔弹道快速优化中的应用

基于一种求解最优控制问题的新方法——hp自适应伪谱法对滑翔弹道快速优化设计问题进行了研究;该方法将全局伪谱法与有限元法的思想进行结合,采用双层优化策略对细化单元上的配点数和插值多项式的阶次进行自适应调节以满足快速性及精度要求;对滑翔弹道优化问题进行了数值仿真计算,用极小值原理验证了仿真所得的弹道是最优弹道,并与Guass伪谱法的仿真结果进行了对比分析;结果表明该优化方法在求解周期性跳跃滑翔弹道时具有更合理的配点分布及更少的计算时间,对初始控制量不敏感、鲁棒性强,具有一定的工程应用价值。     

GDG:一种基于逆支配点集的top-k高效查询索引方法

考虑偏好top-k计算问题,提出一种整合网格索引和DG索引的Gridded Dominant Graph(GDG)混合索引结构.首先,提出基于数据点逆支配点集性质的剪枝自由点方法,该方法大大减少了构建索引中的数据点及查询时可能访问的数据点.通过网格索引高效地计算逆支配点集,并得出网格中"k-最大运算区域"和"k-最大查找区域",分别在建立索引和top-k查询阶段近似地剪枝自由点.然后,分析了查询索引阶段层次式索引(如dominant graph(DG))在同一层次中无序访问数据点的不足,通过增加网格索引而使访问有序.计算网格概要信息并将网格单元按函数分值排序,使层次内数据点依据网格单元顺序而访问有序.由于附加的网格索引增加计算和存储开销较少,同时性能有较大提升,所以GDG适用性强.理论分析和实验结果均验证了上述方法的有效性.     

三角网格模型上任意两点间的近似最短路径算法研究

提出一种任意三角网格模型上两点间的近似最短路径算法．该算法首先将三角网格模型表示为带权图结构，然后用Dijkstra算法计算带权图中两顶点间的最短路径，并将其作为网格模型上该两点间最短路径的初始近似．通过不断地迭代对相关三角形边进行自适应细分，并构造每次细分后新的带权图，从而对网格模型上的两点间最短路径进行迭代逼近．该算法效率高，可以很好地控制精度，适用于大型三角网格模型两点间最短路径寻找．文中还讨论了该算法在任意三角网格模型区域划分中的应用．     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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