微型振动陀螺仪驱动电路的设计与优化

微陀螺驱动电压的频率和幅值稳定性是影响微陀螺工作性能的重要因素.针对微型振动陀螺仪的驱动电路设计问题,采用DSP的脉宽调制(PWM)功能发出正弦波,并采用闭环推挽式驱动控制方式,实现了驱动电压频率和幅值的高稳定性.同时对驱动电路中的带通滤波电路采用了最优化设计方法使得所设计的电路比原来的电路的带宽下降了50%.     

振动轮式微机械陀螺仪闭环驱动控制方法研究

本文在分析振动轮式微机械陀螺仪稳定工作条件的基础上,探讨了微机械陀螺仪对驱动电路的控制要求,提出一种新颖的驱动频率自动跟踪的控制方法,给出了驱动电路闭环控制框图,详细分析了驱动模态闭环控制逻辑,最后的开、闭环对比实验说明了本控制方案的有效性。     

硅微阵列陀螺仪闭环驱动控制技术研究

为了进一步提高硅微阵列陀螺仪驱动模态的控制精度与稳定性,深入分析了硅微阵列陀螺仪的结构设计和闭环驱动控制技术。基于硅微阵列陀螺仪闭环驱动控制的特点,以现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)为核心控制平台,实现一种基于自激振荡原理的数字化闭环驱动电路。分析并建立了自激振荡与幅度控制的基本模型,基于Simulink实现了闭环自激驱动的仿真。实验结果表明,常温下驱动幅度控制精度达到9×10~(-5),并能有效跟踪驱动模态谐振频率。     

硅微振动陀螺仪驱动器自激驱动研究

为了提高硅微机械陀螺仪的检测精度,稳定驱动振动速度的幅度和频率,采用了硅微机械陀螺仪自激驱动方式.该方式能够使驱动振动自动稳定在陀螺仪驱动模态的谐振频率上.同时,采用自动增益控制(AGC)保持恒定的驱动振动幅度.根据自激驱动电路原理和现有的陀螺样品,建立了陀螺仪驱动动力学方程的等效电路模型.设计、制作了自激驱动电路,仿真和实验结果表明该方法切实可行.     

z轴硅微陀螺仪高精度闭环驱动研究

提出了一种z轴硅微陀螺仪高精度闭环驱动方案.该方案实现了闭环驱动的相角和增益条件的解耦;对相角进行了优化控制,消除了驱动频率和驱动模态固有频率的相对频差影响;利用闭环回路中直流控制量与驱动力间的非线性关系,实现闭环自激控制.试验结果表明,1 h内,驱动频率变化的均方差为0.009 Hz,相对变化量为2.2ppm(1ppm=10-6);驱动幅度变化的均方差为0.002 5 mV,相对变化量为15ppm;驱动信号的噪声功率谱密度低于-100 dB.由此可见,本方案使陀螺仪驱动性能得到了极大提高.     

电容式微机械陀螺双环路闭环驱动电路研究

为了提高微机械陀螺系统的检测灵敏度,对微机械陀螺系统的驱动电路进行了研究.分析了微陀螺闭环驱动系统理论,基于此提出一种双环路闭环驱动方法,并且利用数学工具simulink建立系统模型,验证此方法的可行性,最后设计完成相应电路.此方法引入锁相环实现闭环驱动电路的稳频控制;采用自动增益控制器(AGC)实现恒幅控制.利用Hspice完成电路级仿真.结果表明,微机械陀螺双环路闭环驱动电路建立稳定振荡的时间为45 ms,稳定振荡频率为2.7553 KHz,频率偏差为0.1 z,频率抖动为0.056563 Hz.相对于传统的AGC闭环驱动电路,此闭环驱动电路建立稳定振荡时间缩短了30.77%,频率稳定性是传统AGC闭环驱动电路的32.72%.微机械陀螺环路闭环驱动电路提高驱动信号性能,对于微机械陀螺检测灵敏度的提高有着重要意义.     

一种双线振动硅微机械陀螺仪驱动检测电路设计

以一种双线振动硅微机械陀螺仪为研究对象,设计了驱动、检测电路,达到了一定的性能要求。驱动模态使用自激振荡的闭环控制方式,使陀螺稳定工作在其固有频率上。在载波和驱动环节使用了一种AGC技术,实现了载波信号和驱动模态的幅度的高精度控制。使用二极管一次解调,简化了电路结构。检测部分使用了一种相位修正放大电路,有效减小了有用信号频率附近的幅相误差。     

高压驱动的三波腹多环盘式硅微陀螺仪

设计和研究了一种带有高压驱动电路的多环盘式硅微陀螺仪（DRG）。该陀螺仪具有MEMS嵌套环结构,工作在三波腹(n=3)的振动模态下,主振型和从振型之间具有更小的频率裂解。系统采用双闭环测控电路驱动,结构简单,具有良好的稳定性和较大的带宽。其中刚度调谐和正交误差校正所需要的高压直流电由小型化的Boost升压电路提供。样机测试结果表明闭环Boost升压电路精度高,对陀螺仪的零偏不稳定性影响小。陀螺仪具有高品质因数（Q=36503）、低非线性度（314ppm）、低角度随机游走（0.1664°/√h）以及低零偏不稳定性（2.0229°/h）。     

微陀螺仪检测控制系统设计与实现

针对微陀螺仪开环检测的不足,在电容平衡梳齿微结构的基础上,提出了基于FPGA的微陀螺仪闭环检测控制方案。设计了电容电压变换及调理电路,得到了反映梳齿电容振动情况的电压信号。以FPGA为数字信号处理平台,设计了信号生成电路、自适应正交解调电路和校正电路,实现了对微陀螺仪信号的解调和处理。结合A/D和D/A变换,构建了微陀螺仪闭环检测系统。试验结果表明,在设计的闭环检测平衡回路控制下,微陀螺仪的标度因数线性度和对称性较开环检测时均有较大程度的提高,测量范围、阈值和分辨率等性能指标也得到了不同程度的改善。     

光纤陀螺仪死区抑制技术研究

抑制死区是光纤陀螺仪工程应用需要解决的一个问题,产生死区的原因一般认为是光纤陀螺信号解调电路中调制信号与信号检测电路之间电子交叉耦合,所以克服死区的方法也是从减少电子交叉耦合的途径入手;在某型号三轴一体化光纤陀螺仪研制中,从陀螺的结构设计与布局布线等方面进行了优化,并采取了屏蔽措施;分析了数字闭环光纤陀螺线性模型,提出了参数配置的优化措施;数字闭环软件中引入随机调制等多种措施综合抑制死区;产品测试表明,陀螺仪死区控制在0.5(0)/h以内,达到了预期的效果,满足型号使用要求。     

Intelligent motion control for linear piezoelectric ceramic motor drive

Since the dynamic characteristics of a linear piezoelectric ceramic motor (LPCM) are highly nonlinear and time varying, it is difficult to design a suitable motor drive and position controller that realizes accurate position control at all time. This study investigates a double-inductance double-capacitance (LLCC) resonant driving circuit and a sliding-mode fuzzy-neural-network control (SMFNNC) system for the motion control of an LPCM. First, the motor structure and LLCC driving circuit of an LPCM are introduced. The LLCC resonant inverter is designed to operate at an optimal switching frequency such that the output voltage will not be influenced by the variation of quality factor. Moreover, a SMFNNC system is designed to achieve favorable tracking performance without precise dynamic models being controlled. All adaptive learning algorithms in the SMFNNC system are derived in the sense of Lyapunov stability analysis, so that system-tracking stability can be guaranteed in the closed-loop system. The effectiveness of the proposed driving circuit and control system is verified by experimental results.     

基于DSP的移相控制改进型全桥变换器的研究

分析了移相控制全桥(FB)ZVS-PWM变换器改进型拓扑电路的工作情况,给出了以DSP为控制核心的驱动信号产生方法,通过对输出电压信号和变压器原边电流反馈信号的采样,完成全桥移相变换器电压和电流的双闭环控制.实验验证了前、后桥臂开关管通过利用电感电容的谐振实现零电压开关,减少了在两桥臂之间实现ZVS的差别,限制了占空比的损失,消除了二极管的反向恢复时间.该变换器全负载下效率达93.5%,具有一定实用的价值.     

基于DSP的喷油器电磁阀驱动电路设计

根据柴油发动机喷油电磁阀在实际工作中电磁力与电流的关系,设计出一种基于TMS320F28035DSP的柴油机电控喷油电磁阀的驱动电路,以达到提高电磁阀开启与关闭速度、降低能耗和简化电路的目的;驱动电路利用28035DSP内部集成的比较器模块和EPWM模块实现多个电磁阀的驱动,电磁阀高端采用80V高压和24V低压双电源分时驱动技术,电磁阀低端采用电流反馈PWM调制控制技术;试验结果表明:驱动电路实现了12A峰值电流和4A保持电流的电流控制,电流波形满足电磁阀驱动特性,显著提升了电磁阀开启与关闭速度,降低了系统能耗。     

仿生机器人关节电机的分析与研究

随着仿生机器人的发展,实现蛇形机器人多形式越障运动,关节电机起关键作用。主要探讨了蛇形机器人关节电机的选择。可作为蛇形机器人关节的目前有四种电机可选:球形步进电机、舵机、伺服电机和步进电机。选用舵机作为关节电机,将很难克服堵转弊病,位置闭环系统以及体积问题也不适应蛇形机器人的力学情况;选用带减速的步进电机是较可行的方案。但选用步进电机必须解决解决三大问题:提高输出转矩,加大减速比;提高高压电源电压;解决电机外壳的散热。这三项都是行之有效的措施。     

CCD相机功率驱动电路设计

由于一些CCD的驱动波形为双极性且电压幅值范围较宽,而目前的CCD驱动集成电路多为单电源工作且工作电压幅值有时候不能满足要求。针对这个问题,设计了新的CCD相机的功率驱动电路。该功率驱动电路采用电容耦合及二极管钳位方式对时序信号进行电平搬移,采用两个互补三极管轮流开关工作产生驱动波形。由于采用了较少的器件,提高了电路的可靠性,降低了系统的成本。对电路进行了分析,并在Cadence公司的OrCAD PSpice AD软件下进行了仿真。构建实际的电路和仿真结果一致。因此,当现有的驱动器集成电路不能满足要求时,可以使用该电路实现CCD相机的功率驱动。     

Analysis of parasitic feed-through capacitance effect in closed-loop drive circuit design for capacitive micro-gyroscope

The drive axis of a capacitive micro-gyroscope sensor forms an ‘electrical-mechanical’ resonator with closed-loop drive circuits when the gyro is in full operation. The parasitic feed-through capacitance, which exists between the driving and sensing electrodes of the sensor, induces two main negative effects: preventing the expected ‘electrical-mechanical’ oscillation and introducing an undesired high frequency ‘electrical’ oscillation. In this paper, mathematical expression of the critical parasitic feed-through capacitance allowing the occurrence of ‘electrical-mechanical’ oscillation is derived for the first time. Based on the derived expression, a conclusion that increasing the polarization voltage on the sensor mass be the only electrical way to increase the critical value of parasitic feed-through capacitance is revealed. Then with an implemented silicon chip for the drive circuit, the reason of occurring electrical oscillation is analyzed, and an effective solution to avoid the electrical oscillation referred as increasing the polarization voltage is proposed. Experiments on a capacitive micro-gyroscope prototype show that when the polarization voltage is increased from 10 to 18 V, the closed-loop drive circuit eliminates possibility of the electrical oscillation effectively. As a result, the proposed electrical oscillation solution has been verified.     

Anode‐voltage‐control circuit for compensation of luminance deterioration

Abstract— An external driving circuit that has realized long lifetime, power‐consumption control, and peak luminance for organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) displays have been developed. This circuit realizes an effective method for constant‐anode‐voltage (CV) driving refered to as clamped inverter (CI) driving. The feature of CV driving is to achieve low‐power consumption compared with constant‐anode‐current (CC) driving and to control the power consumption and peak luminance according to the image because display luminance can be easily changed by controlling the anode voltage. On the other hand, CV driving has the problem that luminance deterioration appears to be serious compared with that of CC driving because the current of the OLED element decreases according to usage time. To cope with this, a lifetime compensation circuit that has increased the anode voltage so that it compensates for the luminance deterioration has been developed. This circuit can compensate not only the decrease in current but also the decrease in luminance at a constant current that CC driving cannot. However, increasing the anode voltage causes an increase in stress on the OLED element. The influence of stress on OLED lifetime was verified. As a result, it was confirmed that this circuit can extend the lifetime by 32% even if the anode voltage is increased, causing stress on the OLED structure.     

Closed-loop analysis and control of a non-inverting buck–boost converter

In this article, a cascade controller is designed and analysed for a non-inverting buck–boost converter. The fast inner current loop uses sliding mode control. The slow outer voltage loop uses the proportional–integral (PI) control. Stability analysis and selection of PI gains are based on the nonlinear closed-loop error dynamics incorporating both the inner and outer loop controllers. The closed-loop system is proven to have a nonminimum phase structure. The voltage transient due to step changes of input voltage or resistance is predictable. The operating range of the reference voltage is discussed. The controller is validated by a simulation circuit. The simulation results show that the reference output voltage is well-tracked under system uncertainties or disturbances, confirming the validity of the proposed controller.     

基于单片FGPA的谐振式光纤陀螺数字系统设计与实现

谐振式光纤陀螺（Resonator Fiber Optic Gyro,RFOG）是基于Sagnac效应产生的谐振频率差来测量旋转角速度的一种新型光学传感器,在小型化和集成化方面具有明显优势。相比于传统的模拟检测技术,数字检测技术具有稳定性好、抗干扰能力强、处理速度快和体积小、易于集成等优势。论文建立了基于单片可编程逻辑器件（Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA）的数字RFOG系统,在单片FPGA上实现了基于比例积分控制技术的谐振频率伺服回路、用于自动反馈补偿相位调制器由于环境温度等发生变化时引起的2π复位电压漂移问题,以及体现Sagnac频差信号的第二闭环反馈控制回路。最后将研制的基于单片FPGA的闭环数字检测电路应用于实际RFOG系统,顺利验证了上述功能,并实际观测了陀螺转动信号。     

闭环霍尔电压传感器增益温漂补偿技术

闭环霍尔电压传感器作为一种低成本、高可靠的电压测量器件,在轨道交通和工业控制领域应用广泛。其原边线圈由漆包线绕制,匝数为数万匝,原边线圈阻值的温度漂移造成传感器的增益温漂和全温度范围精度的下降。为了提高传感器全温度范围的精度,文章基于原边线圈阻值温漂特性提出了一种新型温度补偿电路,应用仿真工具,结合闭环霍尔电压传感器进行了理论计算和分析,将计算结果与试验测试数据进行对比,证明经过该补偿电路的补偿,闭环霍尔电压传感器的增益温漂得到了明显的改善,从而将闭环霍尔电压传感器的全温度范围精度提高0.9个百分点。该项技术弥补了闭环霍尔电压传感器增益温漂短板,使其具备应用于能耗记录等高精度应用领域的条件。