基于秩空间的二次立体匹配

提出了一种基于秩空间的区域立体匹配算法。首先对立体图像进行秩（rank）变换,将图像从灰度空间变换到秩空间,消除因噪声和两个摄像机参数不一致产生的干扰,再根据自然视频序列每幅图像多数景物景深变化不大的事实,把视差分解为全局视差与局部视差之和,在秩空间进行二次立体匹配：先在最大窗口内估计全局视差,然后在这个最大窗口内采用块匹配方式进行二次匹配求各点的实际视差。该二次立体匹配算法有效地消除了误匹配,提高正确匹配率。实验结果证明,提出的算法优于传统的基于区域的立体匹配方法。     

基于自适应极线距离变换的立体匹配

针对极线距离变换对噪声的敏感性及其在不连续区域匹配的不确定性,提出一种基于自适应极线距离变换的立体匹配算法.自适应极线距离变换利用图像结构特征,提出迭代目标尺度算法与区域不连续图来自适应选择极线距离变换参数,将图像的强度信息转化为沿着极线局部分割区域的相对位置信息,在区分低纹理区域像素点的同时保持了图像边缘信息;采用局部极小窗口均值计算分割线长度,有效地提高了低纹理区域对噪声的鲁棒性.对多幅真实图像的实验结果表明,自适应极线距离变换对低纹理区域以及不连续区域是有效的,且采用变换后图像计算视差的立体匹配算法,有效地降低了图像边缘点和噪声点等不连续区域的误匹配率,提高了图像匹配精度.     

基于自适应参数的非局部立体匹配算法

针对现有非局部立体匹配算法在不同纹理图像下因选取固定参数而导致整体误匹配率偏高的问题,提出一种自适应参数的非局部立体匹配算法。对颜色差和水平及垂直方向梯度代价进行归一化处理并加权融合,通过对融合后代价作对数变换,提高了单像素匹配代价在低纹理区域表现;在色度,饱和度,纯度(HSV)颜色空间上,计算参考图的平均色度差,自适应调节代价聚合参数;经过视差选择获得视差图。实验结果表明:所提算法在Middlebury测试平台对31组立体图像对处理后的平均误差为7. 86%。在低纹理区域误匹配率进一步降低,具有更好的泛化性。     

基于MRF和颜色空间的立体图像匹配算法

为了提高立体图像匹配的效率和准确度,对基于马尔可夫随机场(Markov Random Fields,MRF)的立体图像匹配算法进行改进,提出一种基于MRF和颜色空间的立体图像匹配算法.该算法利用颜色距离构建匹配代价函数,以充分利用彩色图像中的颜色信息,并采用加速的信度传播算法进行能量最小化.分别利用灰度信息、RGB信息、HSI信息进行立体匹配实验.实验结果表明,改进后的算法能加快收敛,降低误匹配率.     

基于SIFT特征描述子的立体匹配算法

目前,立体匹配是计算机视觉领域最活跃的研究课题之一。为了克服传统的局部特征匹配算法对噪声和图像灰度的非线性变换敏感的缺点,本文提出了一种新的基于SIFT(Scale Invariant Feature Transform)特征描述子的立体匹配算法。该算法利用图像梯度信息,构造基于三维梯度方向直方图的SIFT特征描述子作为区域特征描述符,通过立体视觉理论中的极线约束将匹配特征的搜索空间从二维降到一维,最后以基于特征描述子欧氏距离的最近邻匹配得到匹配结果。实验结果表明,该方法匹配精度高,对图像灰度的非线性变换比较鲁棒,可以应用于对匹配算法鲁棒性要求比较高的立体视觉系统中。     

基于MRF和颜色空间的立体图像匹配算法

为了提高立体图像匹配的效率和准确度,对基于马尔可夫随机场（Markov Random Fields,MRF）的立体图像匹配算法进行改进,提出一种基于MRF和颜色空间的立体图像匹配算法。该算法利用颜色距离构建匹配代价函数,以充分利用彩色图像中的颜色信息,并采用加速的信度传播算法进行能量最小化。分别利用灰度信息、RGB信息、HSI信息进行立体匹配实验。实验结果表明,改进后的算法能加快收敛,降低误匹配率。     

新的单目立体视觉的视差图的获得方法

在立体视觉中,视差间接反映物体的深度信息,视差计算是深度计算的基础。常见的视差计算方法研究都是面向双目立体视觉,而双焦单目立体视觉的视差分布不同于双目视差,具有沿极线辐射的特点。针对双焦单目立体视觉的特点,提出了一种单目立体视差的计算方法。对于计算到的初步视差图,把视差点分类为匹配计算点和误匹配点。通过均值偏移向量（Mean Shift）算法,实现了对误匹配点依赖于匹配点和图像分割的视差估计,最终得到致密准确的视差图。实验证明,这种方法可以通过双焦立体图像对高效地获得场景的视差图。     

自适应窗口的时间规整立体匹配算法

针对立体视觉中图像对应点的误匹配问题,以时间规整算法(DTW)为基础,提出了自适应窗口的立体匹配算法．根据外极线的约束,在自适应窗口内采用灰度相关技术得到长度不相等的两个灰度段作为相容的匹配序列;利用动态规划法及连续性约束寻找一条最佳的匹配路径．根据回溯得到的匹配路径及其坐标值得到高密度视差图．实验结果表明,该算法具有较高的运行效率和良好的匹配效果．     

一种利用动态规划和左右一致性的立体匹配算法

立体匹配是计算机视觉领域研究的一个重要课题,为了得到准确、稠密的视差图,提出了一种利用动态规划和左右一致性的立体匹配算法。该算法首先分别以左、右图像为基元图像,计算各自的视差空间图像,在视差空间图像上利用动态规划,计算得到左视差图和右视差图;然后通过使用左右视差图之间的一致性关系,消除误匹配点,得到较为准确的部分视差图;最后利用视差图的顺序约束关系,给出未匹配视差点的搜索空间计算方法,并利用一种简单有效的方法来计算这些点的视差值。在一些标准立体图像对上所做的实验结果表明,该算法效果良好。     

基于双序列比对算法的立体图像匹配方法*

在分析现有立体匹配方法的基础上,提出一种基于双序列比对算法的立体图像匹配方法。将立体图像对中同名极线上的像素灰度值看做是一对字符序列,使用基于动态规划思想的双序列比对算法对这些对字符序列进行匹配,以获取立体图像视差。为验证该方法的可行性和适用性,采用人脸立体图像对进行实验。实验结果表明,使用该方法进行立体图像匹配能获得光滑的、稠密的视差图。基于动态规划思想的双序列比对算法能够有效地解决立体图像匹配问题,从而为图像的立体匹配提供了一个实用有效的方法。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

正~~     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate