功能-结构一体化NiCr/NiSi薄膜热电偶的制备

采用多层薄膜结构制备了NiCr/NiSi薄膜热电偶,该薄膜热电偶依次由Ni基超合金基片、NiCrAlY过渡层、Al2O3热氧化层、Al2O3绝缘层、NiCr/NiSi薄膜热电偶层以及Al2O3保护层构成.主要研究了热电偶层薄膜厚度和时效处理对热电偶性能的影响以及温度对Al2O3绝缘层绝缘性的影响.静态标定结果表明,热电...     

陶瓷基Pt/ITO薄膜热电偶的制备与性能研究

为了准确测量涡轮叶片表面温度,采用掩模图形化和射频磁控溅射的方法,在A12O3陶瓷基片上沉积Pt/ITO薄膜热电偶,并对其进行了静态标定.结果表明:Pt/ITO薄膜热电偶在1 000℃进行大气气氛退火,随着退火时间的增加,样品热电势输出曲线稳定性逐渐增强,Seebeck系数也较大,标定曲线均具有很好的线性度,退火5h的样品的最大测温误差仅为16.03℃,可在400～1100℃温度范围热循环中稳定工作约20 h.ITO薄膜厚度对Pt/ITO薄膜热电偶热电性能几乎没有影响.     

航空发动机用薄膜热电偶研制

针对航空发动机涡轮叶片表面温度测试的迫切需求,采用薄膜沉积工艺,能够在Ni基高温合金表面制备热电性能较好的中温K型(NiCr/NiSi,<600℃)、高温R型(Pt—13%Rh/Pt,<900℃)、超高温(ITON/Pt,<1 100℃; In ON/ITON,> 1 200℃)等薄膜热电偶。薄膜热电偶由NiCr Al Y过渡层、热生长Al_2O_3层、Al_2O_3绝缘层、功能层和Al_2O_3保护层构成。通过静态标定结果分析,其塞贝克系数分别达到38. 26,10. 60,78. 60,123. 10μV/℃,在恶劣环境下具有良好的稳定性和一致性,使用寿命均大于10 h。     

高温薄膜传感器制备与性能研究

利用微机电系统（MEMS）工艺在 Al2 O3基片上制备了 Pt—PtRh 薄膜热电偶,其工作温度最高可达到1300℃,最大输出电势达14.8 mV。薄膜热电偶的电势—温度曲线与标准热电偶的曲线基本重合,同时研究了不同粘结层对薄膜微结构、器件寿命的影响。实验结果表明：以 Ta 为粘结层时薄膜传感器的寿命最长,在1300℃下可达到14 h。     

CFCC-SiC基底NiCr/NiSi薄膜热电偶制备及性能研究

在碳纤维增韧补强碳化硅陶瓷复合材料(CFCC-SiC)表面制备了NiCr/NiSi薄膜热电偶。传感器结构自下而上依次为CFCC-SiC陶瓷基底、SiO2过渡层,Al2O3绝缘层及NiCr/NiSi热电偶层。对所制备传感器进行了静态标定,其在300℃~700℃范围内具有稳定的热电动势输出,平均Seebeck系数为41.71μV/℃,传感器极限使用温度约为750℃。     

基于热电堆的新型高温薄膜热流传感器的研制

精确的热流测量对航空发动机设计至关重要,实时监测和获取发动机涡轮叶片表面精确的热流分布可以为航空发动机热端部件设计提供依据,也可以进行状态监测和故障诊断。薄膜热流传感器具有体积小、响应速度快、对工作环境的流动干扰小等优点。然而,目前能够应用于高温高热流环境中测量的薄膜热流传感器在灵敏度方面仍然存在较大的局限性。本文设计和制造了基于铂铑热电堆的新型高温薄膜热流传感器。该传感器由Pt/Pt-13Rh薄膜热电堆、底层SiO2/Al2O3热阻层、顶层Al2O3保护层组成,底层SiO2/Al2O3热阻层位于Al2O3陶瓷基底和热电堆之间。传感器分别在0-110 kW/m2的热流和1000℃的温度下进行了测试。测试结果显示,传感器的输出与施加的热流表现出良好的线性关系,灵敏度为8.04×10?6 V/(kW/m2),实验数据与仿真结果相近。具有Al2O3保护层的传感器在1000℃中保温3小时后电阻、灵敏度及响应特性基本上不受影响。设计的新型高温薄膜热流传感器具有较高的灵敏度和可靠性,将为高温环境中的热流测量提供一种新方法。     

多孔Al_2O_3薄膜的研制

在单晶Si片上热生长一层SiO2薄膜,再利用真空淀积的方法制备一层Al薄膜,然后通过铝阳极氧化的方法获得一层多孔Al2O3薄膜。利用JSM 35C扫描电子显微镜观测了该Al2O3薄膜的形貌。通过对Al2O3薄膜电阻与相对湿度关系的测试,发现其具有较好的感湿特性和较宽的感湿范围。     

中国微米纳米-PdCr薄膜电阻应变计研制及其高温应变敏感性能研究

在航空航天以及核电领域中,准确测量高温部件的应变、疲劳等结构参数十分重要,对满足高温应用环境的高温应变计需求非常迫切.在镍基合金基底上研制了PdCr薄膜电阻应变计,依次在基片上沉积NiCrAlY作为过渡层来增强附着性,沉积YSZ/Al2O3作为复合绝缘层满足绝缘性需求,溅射PdCr合金作为应变敏感层,并采用金属掩模对PdCr敏感层进行图形化,最后沉积Al2O3薄膜层作为高温保护层,并对PdCr薄膜应变计的应变敏感系数(GF)以及高温环境下的表观应变、漂移应变等性能进行了表征.结果表明,不同温度下PdCr薄膜应变计的电阻值随应变呈良好的线性关系;在常温下,其应变敏感系数为1.40;在800 ℃时,应变计的表观应变系数127 με/℃.应变计的电阻值随时间线性减小,导致的漂移应变约为1 800 με/hr,应变敏感系数为1.41.同时,对制备的PdCr薄膜应变计进行了可靠性评估和寿命评估.结果表明,其重复性测量误差约为5.71%,工作寿命超过10 h.     

高温陶瓷薄膜热流传感器动态响应有限元分析

航空、航天等领域的高速发展对精密热流测量技术提出了更严苛的挑战。ITO/In₂O₃陶瓷材料相比贵金属材料有着更高的塞贝克系数,并拥有低密度和优异的高温力学性能。基于有限元仿真方法,建立了ITO/In₂O₃热电堆型薄膜热流传感器热电学仿真模型,设计了2种薄膜热流传感器结构,综合分析了热电堆在不同的热阻层分布、热阻层厚度和热流密度下的传热性能和输出动态响应变化,提出了ITO/In₂O₃薄膜热流传感器的优化设计方案。     

氧化锡甲烷传感器的研究

以 Sn O2 为本底 ,掺杂以 Pd、Sb、Y、Nb等元素并进行外层催化处理 ,催化层由Al2 O3和 Pt组成 ,研制成能够探测 ( 50～ 1 0 0 0 0 )× 1 0 - 6甲烷、抗干扰性非常好的半导体气体传感器 .这种传感器对 C2 H5OH、H2 、CO等气体的灵敏度很低 .在催化层和底层敏感材料之间涂覆一层 Si O2 、α-Al2 O3隔离层 ,大大提高了传感器的稳定性     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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