基于博弈论的多智能体协同控制算法

为实现交通的畅通,将博弈论引入到交通控制系统中。由于当前路口交通状况只受到来自邻居路口的车辆的影响,提出了基于多智能体的分布式协同控制框架,路口智能体与邻居通过协同博弈选出最优策略进行交通控制。描述了基于博弈论的协同控制算法,并通过仿真验证了该算法能够有效的适应交通流,实现交通控制。     

基于路由机制的变权网络路径快速生成算法

在大规模交通流仿真中,车辆个体路径生成环节存在着大量重复计算。为避免重复计算及提高车辆个体路径生成速度,将计算机网络中的路由机制引入到交通流仿真中,提出一种基于路由机制的变权网络路径快速生成算法,即把每个道路路口节点作为路由器,分解并存储原本与车关联的路径作为指路信息。仿真车辆通过访问该指路信息获取下一步行车方向,并且当路网权值发生变化时,能及时响应路网的动态变化,从而给出求实时路况下仿真车辆行驶路径的一种方法。     

基于多智能体交通绿波效应分布式协同控制算法

基于"绿波"效应的交通控制通过实现干道上的车流不间断地经过多个交通灯路口而不停止,是目前公认的最有效率的交通控制策略之一.然而随着城市交通规模的不断扩大,传统的集中式交通控制方法可能遇到计算和通信上的瓶颈.而当路口交通灯只能获取城市交通网络全局有限的信息时,传统的分布式控制方法可能十分低效.提出了一种基于多智能体的交通灯分布式绿波自适应控制方法.在该设计中,每一个交通灯路口通过一个非集中式的协同智能体来控制.其核心是,智能体通过预测自身下一时刻的状态进行自主决策.由于只有来自邻居路口的车辆能够直接影响当前路口下一步的状态,这一决策过程仅需要智能体通过与邻居智能体间的局部交互来完成.描述了基于多智能体交通灯分布式"绿波"效应的控制算法,并通过仿真实验验证了该方法在大规模城市交通系统中的可行性.     

基于车联网的交通管控机制设计与验证

近年来,汽车工业飞速发展,汽车保有量不断提高。但与此同时,其引发的道路交通拥堵问题也影响着越来越多的人。为了缓解道路交通拥堵、提高车辆出行效率,提出了一套基于车联网的交通管控机制。首先,结合固定时长轮转法和车流量响应控制法两种现有的主流交通灯控制法的思想,提出半实时的交通灯控制方法。该方法中,交通灯控制器根据预测出的车流量信息,得到本路口的最优交通灯相位策略,将本路口所有车辆的等待时间最小化。其次,为了提高个体用户的出行效率,提出启发式的动态路径规划算法,该算法在Dijkstra算法的基础上,采用启发式的方法计算路段的权重,以此规划最优路径,使得车辆可以尽可能避开拥堵路段。为了验证提出的交通管控机制的性能,通过交通流量模拟器SUMO和网络模拟器NS3进行模拟实验。模拟实验结果表明,提出的基于车联网的交通管控机制能够有效地降低车辆的等待时间、缓解交通拥堵情况,从而改善整个道路网络的交通状况。     

交通路径诱导系统中最优路径选取研究与仿真

研究交通路径诱导系统优化问题。复杂路况高峰时多条道路车辆同时汇聚造成交通拥塞,但是拥塞信息的实时变化存在高度的非线性和突变性。传统的交通路径诱导系统,仅仅是针对最短距离进行路径选取,非线性和突变性拥堵信息不能在模型中得到反应,一旦拥堵发生,会降低交通路径诱导的效率。提出了一种基于自适应t分布变异人工鱼群算法的交通路径诱导系统。引入t分布变异算子将高斯变异和柯西变异的优点结合起来,提取交通路径拥塞参数,并将其反馈到控制端,使用AFSA方式进行迭代处理,将迭代次数作为t分布的自由度参数,从而提高了交通诱导的效率。实验证明,鱼群算法提高了交通路径诱导的性能,避免了交通拥塞的缺陷。     

基于非线性电路的复杂交通网路径规划

分析比较了单行机动车道与非线性二极管单向导电之间的类似特性．对禁止左转路口及其关联道路进 行拓扑结构变换,在电路地图基础上建立了复杂城市交通网的电路网络模型,并提出一种基于非线性电路的车辆最 优路径规划方法．这种方法从根本上解决了城市复杂交通环境下具有单行约束路段与左转约束路口的最优路径规划 问题．通过对非线性电子器件伏安特性进行分段线性化处理,并且改进迭代过程中的控制策略,使得路径规划方法 的计算效率得到提高．复杂性分析与仿真实验证明了本方法的有效性与可行性．     

基于最优路径的智能车设计与实现

针对城市交通中车辆的智能行驶,以MC9S12XS128单片机为核心控制器,设计并实现了一种基于单目视觉的智能车最优路径控制系统;在简单模拟路况环境下,使用CCD摄像头采集道路信息,先提取二值化图像中的路径信息,再对道路中的不同路况进行分类与识别;构造特殊的路网带权有向图,使用Dijkstra算法计算两顶点间的最优路径;通过分析路径上顶点间的关系得到最优路径控制策略,进行速度和特殊转向控制;实验表明:单片机在48MHz下能够稳定地处理数据,实现了智能车点到点的最优路径自主行驶。     

城市交通网络路径规划策略的性能分析

现代智能车辆具备通信、存储和计算的能力,为获取实时交通信息提供了硬件基础。通过收集出租车的GPS数据,构建一个实时交通网络。设计基于实时GPS信息的路径规划策略,通过真实数据模拟与4种广泛应用的交通网络路径规划策略进行性能分析比较。结果表明,基于实时交通信息的路径规划策略能够使智能车辆行驶时间缩短33%左右。     

一种车载自组织网络路况信息的数据信任模型

动态寻路是解决城市交通拥堵的重要手段。在动态寻路中,一些车辆产生和转发路况信息,使其他车辆能够避开拥堵路段。但一般车载自组织网络寻路算法缺乏验证路况信息的真实性的措施,导致恶意车辆能轻易篡改路况信息,误导其他车辆选择错误路线。提出了一种路况信息鉴别模型,该模型将基于数据的信任模型应用到路况信息真伪的鉴别中,并在一般投票算法的基础上利用D-S理论增加不确定情况下的鲁棒性。仿真实验表明,该算法在不增加额外信息交互的前提下,有效规避了恶意伪造信息,改进了车辆的行程时间。     

基于Dijkstra算法的动态交通诱导技术及仿真

研究车辆行驶过程中的路径动态诱导问题,针对目前交通导航系统不能实时动态规划行驶路线的不足,结合自主研发的车载终端装置,通过对Dijkstra算法的改进及优化,提出了一个可应用于交通诱导过程的动态实时最优路径算法;基于该路径优化算法,车载终端装置可以通过接受交通控制中心的实时道路信息,不断调整车辆的行驶路线,最终实现行驶路线的全程动态优化;仿真实例证明:在实时交通信息的引导下,动态交通诱导技术保证了行驶路线的全程优化.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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