非平衡拓扑结构的多智能体网络系统一致性协议

针对多智能体网络系统,本文分别研究了非平衡拓扑结构的多智能体连续状态和离散状态下的一致性协议.首先提出了能使用有向图表示的多智能体网络系统的拓扑结构,并根据该拓扑结构建立了网络系统的1阶数学模型和提出了多智能体网络系统一致收敛准则.对于多智能体网络连续系统,该系统的一致平衡点最终收敛于初始状态的凸组合,本文最终确定了非平衡拓扑结构的一致平衡点.如果多智能体网络系统的拓扑结构没有改变,在离散状态下系统的一致平衡点仍收敛于初始状态的凸组合,并且离散状态下系统的一致平衡点与连续状态下系统的一致平衡点相等.最后采用8个智能体组成的网络拓扑进行计算机仿真,验证理论的正确性.     

一类非线性多自主体系统的实用脉冲一致性

针对一类非线性多自主体系统,研究基于实用脉冲控制的一致性协议设计问题.引入脉冲调制间歇控制策略,利用峰值很大,持续时间很短的信号代替理想脉冲信号,设计实用脉冲一致性协议.首先给出一类连续―间歇型实用脉冲协议.利用李雅普诺夫函数方法,图论和间歇控制理论,证明了在该协议下,多自主体系统可以实现渐近一致性.在连续—间歇型实用脉冲协议实施中,需在控制作用区间连续量测自主体状态.针对此局限,提出了采样―间歇型实用脉冲协议.通过采样和间歇控制理论,建立了多自主体系统实现渐近一致性的充分条件.进一步地,分析了当控制作用区间等于采样周期时,采样—间歇型实用脉冲协议退化为周期采样控制协议,而当控制作用区间趋于0时,其退化为脉冲控制协议.揭示了所提出的采样―间歇型实用脉冲协议同周期采样控制协议,脉冲控制协议之间的关系.     

抗干扰的多智能体系统固定时间分布式优化算法

针对一阶多智能体系统提出一种抗干扰的分布式控制算法,在固定时间内解决具有状态约束和外部扰动存在情况下的多智能体系统凸优化问题.该算法分为两部分:第1部分使得每个智能体在任意初始条件下都能在固定时间内收敛到一致;第2部分在满足状态约束条件的同时,使所有局部目标函数的总和在固定时间内取得最小值.该算法能够在外部有界扰动存在的情况下抑制干扰信号,获得最优解,且收敛时间不受初始状态和外部扰动的影响,可以根据任务需求离线地预分配任务建立时间.利用凸优化和固定时间李雅普诺夫稳定性理论证明算法在有界扰动存在时的固定时间收敛性,最后通过智能电网中经济调度问题的实例验证算法的有效性和优越性.     

离散异质多智能体系统的分组一致性控制

针对一类混合异质多智能体系统的分组一致性控制问题进行了研究。具体分析了由一阶智能体和二阶智能体组成的混合异质系统,研究其在离散情况下的分组一致性。基于两个合理的假设提出了线性控制协议,运用代数图论、稳定性理论和矩阵理论,分析协议作用下闭环系统的系统矩阵及动态特性,取得了系统渐近实现分组一致性的充分条件,该条件与系统拓扑结构、采样周期以及控制参数有关。结论同时适用于有向拓扑与无向拓扑,最后通过仿真实例对所得分析结果进行了验证。     

一类异构多智能体系统有向图下的广义平均一致性分析

本文对有向图下离散时间一阶二阶混合的异构多智能体系统广义平均一致性问题进行研究.首先给出了该异构系统广义平均一致性的基本概念.在此基础上,针对平均一致性研究中对交互拓扑为平衡网络的局限,提出了一种基于辅助变量的线性一致性协议,对每一个智能体增加一个辅助变量,用于记录个体的状态更新.采用图论、非负矩阵理论、特征值扰动等方法进行分析证明,表明该协议使得异构多智能体系统在任意强连通有向图下达到广义平均一致性.并对收敛值的性质进行了分析.最后,通过仿真对该结论进行了验证.     

具有时延和切换拓扑的高阶离散时间多智能体系统鲁棒保性能一致性

研究存在参数不确定性的高阶离散时间多智能体系统在时延和联合连通切换通信拓扑条件下的鲁棒保性能一致性问题,给出一种线性一致性协议的设计方法.1）引入高阶离散时间不确定多智能体系统的鲁棒保性能一致性问题,定义基于智能体邻居状态误差和控制输入的保性能函数;2）通过构造合适的Lyapunov函数并利用离散时间系统稳定性理论,推导出一个使高阶离散时间不确定多智能体系统在该条件下获得保性能一致性的线性矩阵不等式（Linear matrix inequality,LMI）充分条件,并给出相应的保性能上界;3）以一致性序列的形式给出参数不确定条件下的高阶离散时间多智能体系统的一致性收敛结果;4）数值仿真验证了本文理论的正确性和有效性.     

基于记忆状态的多智能体系统快速分组一致性

针对拓扑结构为有向图的一阶多智能体系统,研究在组间状态差值事先未知以及状态差值事先已知两种情况下的系统快速分组一致性问题.设计基于智能体记忆状态的快速一致性协议,利用矩阵理论和频域分析法分别给出两种情况下系统收敛一致的充分条件,同时给出使系统能够更快收敛的记忆状态选取时间上界.通过仿真实验验证了所提出协议的正确性.     

高阶离散多智能体系统在参数不确定和带外部干扰下的鲁棒H∞一致性控制

研究了高阶离散多智能体系统的在参数不确定和带外部干扰下的H_∞鲁棒一致性控制问题,同时提出线性分布式一致性协议.首先将该问题转化为一组不确定系统的H_∞鲁棒控制问题.其次推导出线性矩阵不等式在参数为γ的H_∞鲁棒一致性意义下的充分条件.第三,给出了所提出一致性协议在不带外部干扰,参数不确定的高阶离散线性多智能体系统中的收敛效果.最后,通过包含和不包含参数不确定系统的对比仿真实验说明了理论结果的正确性和有效性.     

可变脉冲控制下的多智能体系统固定时间一致性研究

为降低网络节点间的通信成本并提升系统收敛速度,提出基于可变脉冲控制的多智能体系统(MASs)固定时间一致性的双阶控制(TSC)策略。将整个控制周期分为可变脉冲控制阶段和固定时间连续控制阶段,根据实际应用需求动态调整脉冲控制和固定时间控制的时间周期,并且在脉冲时间窗内可随机进行脉冲采样。采用固定时间一致性理论使MASs的一致性时间不依赖于系统的初始条件,引入随机扰动增强TSC策略在实际系统中的可用性,利用Lyapunov函数、代数图论和矩阵分析得到系统达到固定时间一致性的充分条件。通过具有切换拓扑结构的领导-跟随者数值仿真案例验证了理论分析的有效性,并表明TSC策略的收敛时间和通信次数相比于单一可变脉冲控制和单一固定时间连续控制分别减少了0.07 s和6～9。     

基于约束输入变速吸引律的离散重复控制器设计

针对离散时间线性系统的周期跟踪问题, 提出一种能够约束控制输入变化速度的变速吸引律, 结合干扰抑制措施构造了理想误差动态, 并由此导出离散重复控制器. 分析表明, 该变速吸引律能使跟踪误差在有限时间内单调收敛至零, 且误差收敛速度可控. 为刻画误差动态行为, 推导了有界扰动下的误差单调收敛域、绝对值收敛域和稳态误差带, 并给出了收敛步数. 针对伺服电机系统的仿真与实验结果验证了所提出控制方案的有效性.

     

Robust consensus algorithm for second-order multi-agent systems with external disturbances

This article investigates the problem of robust consensus for second-order multi-agent systems with external disturbances. Based on a non-smooth backstepping control technique, a class of novel continuous non-smooth consensus algorithms are proposed for the multi-agent network with/without communication delays. The controller design is divided into two steps. First, for the kinematic subsystem, the velocity is regarded as a virtual input and designed such that the states consensus can be achieved asymptotically. Then for the dynamic subsystem, a finite-time control law is designed such that the virtual velocity can be tracked by the real velocity in a finite time. Under the proposed control law, it is shown that if the communication topology graph contains a directed spanning tree, the states consensus can be achieved asymptotically in the absence of disturbances. In the presence of disturbances, the steady-state errors of any two agents can reach a small region around the origin. By building a relationship between control parameters and the bound of steady tracking errors, it is demonstrated that the disturbance rejection performance of the resulting closed-loop system can be enhanced by adjusting the fractional power in the non-smooth controller. Finally, an example is given to verify the efficiency of the proposed method.     

事件触发间歇通讯下多智能体系统的固定时间分布式优化

针对多智能体系统的分布式优化问题,提出一种新的事件触发非周期间歇通讯控制方法,并研究该控制方法下系统的固定时间收敛性.首先,考虑一类更一般的分布式优化问题,其优化目标是局部目标函数的凸组合.其次,为了减少控制过程中智能体之间的通讯花费,设计一种新的事件触发间歇控制协议.通过引入两个辅助动力系统,并运用固定时间稳定性理论、代数图论和不等式放缩技巧,证明智能体的状态在固定时间内达到一致并渐近收敛到优化问题的最优解.结合事件触发条件以及间歇控制机制,排除控制过程中的Zeno行为.最后,通过数值仿真验证所得结论的有效性.     

Consensus of second‐order multi‐agent systems with exogenous disturbances

In this paper, the consensus of second‐order multi‐agent dynamical systems with exogenous disturbances is studied. A pinning control strategy is designed for a part of agents of the multi‐agent systems without disturbances, and this pinning control can bring multiple agents' states to reaching an expected consensus track. Under the influence of the disturbances, disturbance observers‐based control (DOBC) is developed for disturbances generated by an exogenous system to estimate the disturbances. Asymptotical consensus of the multi‐agent systems with disturbances under the composite controller can be achieved for fixed and switching topologies. Finally, by applying an example of multi‐agent systems with switching topologies and exogenous disturbances, the consensus of multi‐agent systems is reached under the DOBC with the designed parameters. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Robust consensus of multiple inertial agents with coupling delays and variable topologies

In this paper, we consider the exponential second‐order consensus problem of a network of inertial agents with time‐varying coupling delays and variable balanced topologies. The passive decomposition approach is employed to incorporate the agents' inertial effect into the distributed control design. The sufficient conditions for the exponential second‐order consensus are provided, both when the topology is switched arbitrarily (without dwell time between consecutive switches) and when it is switched with average dwell time. The results present conditions that must be satisfied by the controller design parameters and performance requirements. Furthermore, an approach to the design of consensus protocol is presented, which is robust to the time delays and the dynamically changing interaction topologies. Numerical examples are given to illustrate our theoretical results. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

具有噪声约束的 时滞Markov跳变网络给定时间一致性协议设计

本文研究网络连接系统在随机Markov跳变拓扑结构,通信时滞,外部干扰等情形下的给定时间一致性协议设计方法.基于有限短时间理论,放宽对系统不一致状态渐近收敛于零的要求,在预先给定的时间区域内,设法使网络中各子系统的不一致状态在期望范围内受限运动,从而提出给定时间一致性定义,并进一步设计给定时间一致性控制算法.不仅从时间角度为降低渐近一致的工程保守性提供了思路,且所提的模型转换新方法使得设计的控制协议更具通用性.仿真结果验证了所提算法的有效性.     

Event-triggered control for discrete-time multi-agent average consensus

We consider the average consensus problem for the multi-agent system in the discrete-time domain. Three triggering based control protocols are developed, which dictate the broadcast and control update instants of individual agents to alleviate communication and computational burden. Lyapunov-based design methods prescribe when agents should communicate and update their control so that the network converges to the average of agents' initial states. We start with a static version of the distributed event-triggering law and then generalize it so that it involves an internal auxiliary variable to regulate the threshold dynamically for each agent. The third protocol uses a self-triggering algorithm to avoid continuous listening wherein each agent estimates its next triggering time and broadcasts it to its neighbors at the current triggering time. Numerical simulations are shown to validate the efficacy of the proposed algorithms.     

Event-triggered consensus control for uncertain multi-agent systems with external disturbance

This paper investigates the event-triggered consensus control for a general linear multi-agent system with model uncertainties and external disturbances. A consensus protocol is proposed using the local state information at asynchronous event-triggering time instants, where each agent determines when to perform sampling and control updating using the designed event-triggered condition. Then the robust consensus condition and the feedback matrix design method are derived to make the uncertain multi-agent system reach consensus with a desired disturbance attenuation ability. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the Zeno behaviour will never occur by giving the lower bound of inter-event time intervals. Finally, a simulation example is given to verify the obtained theoretical results, with the comparison simulation conducted by using the periodic triggering strategy.     

Stochastic consensus of single‐integrator multi‐agent systems under relative state‐dependent measurement noises and time delays

This paper proposes a consensus algorithm for continuous‐time single‐integrator multi‐agent systems with relative state‐dependent measurement noises and time delays in directed fixed and switching topologies. Each agent's control input relies on its own information state and its neighbors' information states, which are delayed and corrupted by measurement noises whose intensities are considered a function of the agents' relative states. The time delays are considered time‐varying and uniform. For directed fixed topologies, condition to ensure mean square linear χ‐consensus (average consensus, respectively) are derived for digraphs having spanning tree (balanced digraphs having spanning tree, respectively). For directed switching topologies, conditions on both time delays and dwell time have been given to extend the mean square linear χ‐consensus (average consensus, respectively) of fixed topologies to switching topologies. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Leader-following scaled consensus of second-order multi-agent systems under directed topologies

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the leader-following scaled consensus problem of second-order multi-agent systems under directed topologies. Three novel leader-following scaled consensus protocols are designed. First, a novel scaled consensus protocol is proposed. It can guarantee the velocity of each agent in one sub-group exactly follow that of a leader, and the follower agents achieve scaled consensus. Second, another proposed protocol enables the agents' positions and velocities of one sub-group accurately track those of a leader, and the follower agents achieve scaled consensus. Third, consider the case where the leader's states available to one or multiple followers and the leader travels with a varying velocity, a novel scaled consensus tracking protocol is proposed. Sufficient and necessary conditions are obtained to guarantee scaled consensus tracking for the three cases,respectively. Finally, simulation examples are made to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical results.     

Fully distributed optimization of second-order systems with disturbances based on event-triggered control

This paper studies the distributed optimization problem of second-order multiagent systems containing external disturbances. To reject the external disturbances and lead agents' states to converge to the optimal consensus point, an adaptive event-triggered controller is proposed based on the internal model principle. With the adaptive mechanism, both the controller and the event-triggering condition do not contain the parameters related to global information, such as the maximum Lipschitz constant and the minimum strongly convex constant of local cost functions, and hence the event-triggered controller is fully distributed. By utilizing the event-triggered scheme, the consumption of communication among neighbors and the computing resources are saved. Furthermore, with the Lyapunov analysis framework, the optimal consensus can be proved to achieve and Zeno behavior is excluded from the event-triggering condition. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed protocol is verified by numerical simulations.