基于折半运算的快速双基数标量乘算法

为了提高椭圆曲线标量乘法效率,对二元域上椭圆曲线的基于双基数的标量乘法进行改进。在底层域推导出直接计算3^kP的快速算法,该算法只需一次求逆;新设计的以1/2和3为基的双基数编码可结合高效的直接计算3^kP和折半运算,基于该双基数编码的标量乘算法只涉及到点加运算、折半运算、三倍点和直接计算3^kP,底层域运算复杂性得到降低,在NIST推荐的椭圆曲线上比Dimitrov算法效率提高70%以上,比Wong方法提高10%以上。     

利用半点计算椭圆曲线双标量乘法算法

实现椭圆曲线密码体制最主要的运算是椭圆曲线点群上的标量乘法(或点乘)运算。一些基于椭圆曲线的密码协议比如ECDSA签名验证,就需要计算双标量乘法kP+lQ,其中P、Q为椭圆曲线点群上的任意两点。一个高效计算kP+lQ的方法就是同步计算两个标量乘法,而不是分别计算每个标量乘法再相加。通过对域F2m上的椭圆曲线双标量乘法算法进行研究,将半点公式应用于椭圆曲线的双标量乘法中,提出了一种新的同步计算双标量乘法算法,分析了效率,并与传统的基于倍点运算的双标量乘法算法进行了详细的比较,其效率更优。     

椭圆曲线密码体制中标量乘法的快速算法

求逆是标量乘法中最耗时的运算,求逆运算次数的多少直接决定标量乘法的性能。转换求逆为乘法运算能够降低求逆次数。根据这种思想,提出了素域Fp上用仿射坐标直接计算3P+Q的算法,其运算量为1I+3S+16M,比Ciet等人提出的方法节省了一次求逆运算。同时还给出直接计算3kP的算法,该算法比重复计算k次3P更有效。最后结合3-NAFw的编码方法,把两个新算法应用到标量乘法中。结果表明,运用3P+Q、3kP的标量乘法比传统的NAF、NAF4等方法更有效,相交处I/M的值可降为5.4。     

椭圆曲线密码体制中快速标量乘方法研究

椭圆曲线标量乘是椭圆密码体制中最耗时的运算,其中求逆运算的次数直接决定了标量乘法的性质。转换求逆为乘法运算能够降低求逆次数。根据这个思想,给出在素数域Fp上用仿射坐标直接计算5P的算法,比传统方法节省了两次求逆运算。同时还给出直接计算5kP的算法,比重复计算k次5P更有效。最后结合多基链把这两个新算法应用到标量乘中。实验结果表明,该方法与以往的标量乘算法相比,效率可提高6.5%~14%,相交处I/M可降到1.1。     

素数域[GF(P)]上椭圆曲线快速标量乘算法的研究

基于求逆转换为乘法的思想,利用仿射坐标提出了直接计算椭圆曲线上[7P]的算法,该算法运算量为I+23M+10S,比现有的算法节省了一次求逆运算,同时也给出了直接计算[7kP]的快速算法,该算法比重复计算[k]次[7P]更有效。结合多基数系统将这些新算法应用到标量乘法中,实验结果表明,在NIST推荐的椭圆曲线上,新算法的效率优于徐凯平等人所提的算法及传统的ternary-binary、3-NAF、Dimitro算法,相交处I/M可降至2.4。     

GF(2~n)域椭圆曲线密码体制中快速标量乘算法的研究

根据将求逆转换为乘法运算的思想,提出在二进制域Fn2上用仿射坐标直接计算5P+Q的算法,其运算量为2I+7S+13M,比传统算法节省了二次求逆运算。同时还推导出一种新的直接计算3kP的快速算法,比殷新春等人所提的算法节省了4k+10的乘法运算。最后结合MBNS表示方法把这些新算法应用到标量乘法中,实验结果表明,在NIST推荐的椭圆曲线上,新算法比Purohit算法的平均效率大约提高了21.22%,比Mishra算法的平均效率大约提高了3.29%。     

基于w-NNAF的快速Edwards曲线标量乘法

在分析利用Edwards曲线上三倍点公式计算3nP(n=1,2,...)的基础上,根据各3"P的坐标具有统一表示形式的特性,提出了一种通过减少求逆运算而快速计算3"P (n=2, 3}..)的新算法I}ripling_Algorithm,并将此算法与标量k的二NNAF表示方法相结合,给出了一种计算标量乘法kP的高效算法ImprovedSM-3-NNAF。通过对ImprovedSM-3-NNAF的计算复杂性与安全性分析表明,利用该算法计算kP不仅是安全的,而且至少可节约20. 78%的计算量,大大改进了Edwards曲线上标量乘法的计算效率。     

特征3有限域上的椭圆曲线算法改进

减少求逆运算次数是快速计算椭圆曲线密码的主要方法之一。若采用逐次累加的方法计算特征3有限域上椭圆曲线标量乘法2kP,需要k次求逆运算。本文根据递推归纳、转换求逆为乘法的思想,推导了直接计算2kP的公式,使求逆运算降至1次。从理论上比较了两种计算方法的运算效率:所提出的新算法在k=4时比逐次累加计算量减少1%,并且减少量随着k的增大而增多,在极限情况下可减少约26%。     

椭圆曲线中直接计算7P的方法及其应用

为了提高椭圆曲线标量乘法的效率,根据将求逆转换为乘法运算的思想,提出了在二进制域F2n上用仿射坐标直接计算7P的两种算法。两种算法分别通过引入公因子和除法多项式来计算7P,其运算量分别为2I+7S+14M和I+6S+20M,比Purohit等提出的算法(PUROHIT G N, RAWAT S A, KUMAR M. Elliptic curve point multiplication using MBNR and Point halving. International Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications, 2012, 3(5)： 1329-1337)分别节省了一次和两次求逆运算。同时还给出直接计算7kP的快速算法,该算法比重复计算k次7P更有效。最后结合半点运算和扩展多基表示形式将这些新算法应用到标量乘法中。实验结果表明,在美国国家标准技术研究所(NIST)推荐的椭圆曲线上,当预存储点的个数为2和 5时,新算法比Purohit算法效率提高了30%和37%,比洪银芳等所提的算法(洪银芳,桂丰,丁勇.基于半点和多基表示的标量乘法扩展算法.计算机工程,2011,37(4)：163-165)效率提高了9%和13%。新算法以增加少量的预计算存储为代价,能有效降低标量乘法的运算量。     

抵抗SPA攻击的分段Montgomery标量乘算法

基于Akishita在Montgomery形式椭圆曲线上计算双标量乘kP+lQ的思想,提出了一种计算三标量乘kP+lQ+tR的新算法,使运算量减少了约23%。在上述算法基础上提出一种椭圆曲线上分段计算标量乘bP的方法,通过预计算少量点,将计算bP转化为计算kP+lQ或kP+lQ+tR,并使用边信道原子化的方法使其可以抵抗简单能量分析(SPA)攻击。最后使用Magma在二进制域上对分段算法仿真,结果显示二分段算法计算速度最快,三分段算法其次,在效率上均比原始Montgomery算法提升很大。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

正~~