不确定非线性系统的鲁棒H∞控制分析与综合

讨论一类仿射非线性系统的鲁棒H∞控制问题.针对自由系统,外部干扰输入矩阵和控制输入矩阵都具有加法不确定性的系统,将鲁棒性能的分析和综合归结为求解一组Hamilton-Jacobi不等式,给出了确保非线性控制系统满足鲁棒干扰抑制性能的充分条件,获得了非线性鲁棒控制器的一种形式.一个仿真例子验证了所得结论的正确性.     

不确定非线性系统的鲁棒H∞控制分析与综合

讨论一类仿射非线性系统的鲁棒H_∞ 控制问题. 针对自由系统, 外部干扰输入矩阵和控制输入矩阵都具有加法不确定性的系统, 将鲁棒性能的分析和综合归结为求解一组Hamilton_Jacobi不等式, 给出了确保非线性控制系统满足鲁棒干扰抑制性能的充分条件, 获得了非线性鲁棒控制器的一种形式. 一个仿真例子验证了所得结论的正确性.     

考虑执行机构饱和的轧机速度鲁棒控制

针对具有执行机构饱和特性和有界干扰的轧机速度被控对象,给出了闭环系统满足不变性及L2干扰抑制性能的充分条件,然后基于线性矩阵不等式(LMI)方法设计了直流电机驱动的轧机速度系统状态反馈鲁棒控制器.仿真结果表明,所设计的轧机速度鲁棒控制系统跟踪误差随着饱和度λ的增大而增大.为保证系统具有优良的跟踪性能,通常选取较小的λ.所设计的状态反馈鲁棒控制系统具有较好的干扰抑制性能和鲁棒稳定性,对时变复合信号也能获得有效跟踪.     

具有输入齿隙的一类非线性不确定系统自适应鲁棒控制

针对一类具有未知输入齿隙、参数不确定以及未建模动态和干扰的非线性系统,设计了自适应鲁棒控制器.将齿隙非线性模型等价表示为具有有界建模误差的全局线性化模型,在此基础上设计了包含自适应模型补偿、反馈稳定和鲁棒反馈3部分的自适应鲁棒控制器,并给出了系统动态跟踪误差和稳态误差指标.理论分析证明,闭环控制系统信号有界且跟踪误差在任意期望的精度范围内,仿真研究验证了所提出方法的有效性.     

基于backstepping方法的电子节气门控制

针对汽车电子节气门的跟踪控制要求,建立了面向控制器设计的非线性模型.采用输入整形(input-shaping)技术对跟踪输入信号进行滤波,应用backstepping方法设计了电子节气门的非线性控制器.将建模误差等不确定性看做加性外部扰动,分析了跟踪误差系统的输入到状态稳定性(input-to-state-stability,ISS),并据此给出了选择控制器参数的指导性准则.仿真实验表明基于backstepping的控制方法能够很好的实现电子节气门的跟踪控制.     

积分加纯滞后系统的双预测PI控制及其应用

Smith预估控制器控制积分加大纯滞后过程时,鲁棒稳定性差,输出存在静态余差,无实际应用价值.提出了一类基于该过程的双预测PI控制器:具有内环和外环两种预测PI控制器.内环将系统稳定,外环消除输入干扰的影响和改善控制系统的动态性能.这种控制器结构简单,可调参数少,参数的调节方便、直观.仿真和实际应用表明:在干扰和模型失配的情况下,此类控制器仍然具有良好的控制性能和鲁棒稳定性能,是一种值得在实际工程中推广应用的新型控制器.     

一级倒立摆系统的鲁棒方差控制

倒立摆是一种典型的非线性、多变量、不稳定的不确定性系统。在存在不确定建模误差和外界干扰的情况下,该文提出了一种鲁棒方差控制器的设计方法,不仅使得控制系统具有一定的协方差来保证其稳定性,而且使得控制系统可以有效抑制外界干扰对其产生的影响。实验和仿真结果表明,在存在不确定性的情况下,一级倒立摆系统在鲁棒方差控制的情况下比传统的LQ控制具有更好动态性和稳定性。     

一类非线性不确定系统的自适应鲁棒控制

将一类结构和参数均未知且存在外界干扰的非线性系统,等价为具有线性结构的时变系统,在此基础上设计了自适应鲁棒控制器,包括自适应模型补偿、反馈稳定控制和鲁棒反馈控制3部分,实现闭环控制系统信号有界且跟踪误差在期望的精度范围内.理论分析和仿真结果均验证了算法的有效性.     

自适应鲁棒最优PI控制器

提出一种具有鲁棒性能的自适应最优PI控制器, 它首先基于控制回路在正常运行操作中产生的过程输入和输出信号, 通过信号分解和频域分析在线辨识出过程对象在重要频率点的频率特性, 然后计算出可同时满足鲁棒性能指标λ和最小负载扰动特性的最优PI控制器参数, 同时控制性能可以很方便地根据实际需要通过改变鲁棒性能指标λ来调节. PI控制器的自适应过程不需要过程对象和控制器的任何先验知识, 也不需要中断控制回路的正常运行, 仿真实验表明了自适应控制器的有效性和可行性.     

四旋翼无人机鲁棒自适应姿态控制

 四旋翼无人机的姿态控制是自主飞行控制的核心,针对四旋翼姿态易受外界环境干扰和内部参数摄动等不确定性影响的问题,设计了一种鲁棒自适应反步控制器,以提高四旋翼的鲁棒性。建立了四旋翼完整的姿态运动模型,并将其转化为含有广义不确定性的多输入多输出非线性系统。根据该系统满足严格反馈的结构特点,设计了反步控制器; 针对系统中存在的外部干扰和内部参数摄动等不确定性,引入了一类鲁棒自适应函数来抵消该不确定性对系统的影响; 采用非线性跟踪微分器估计虚拟控制量的微分信号,减小了反步控制器设计中普遍存在的“计算膨胀”问题; 通过构造Lyapunov 函数证明闭环系统是稳定且指数收敛的。仿真结果表明,所设计控制器具有良好的控制效果和鲁棒性。     

基于IMC原理的电子节气门控制策略

发动机系统中的电子节气门是一种典型的非线性控制对象,特别是节气门运动过程中的弹簧扭矩和摩擦阻力十分复杂,其数学模型很难精确建立,参数不易获取.针对电子节气门的非线性因素,提出一种内模控制器的设计方法.首先分析电子节气门系统的数学模型,在Matlab/Simulink仿真平台上对模型的有效性进行验证,进而以内模控制结构为基础,建立电子节气门复域模型,分析系统的非线性干扰,设计针对时变参数的内模控制器.仿真结果显示,在模型较精确的情况下,内模控制器具有优于传统PID和一般滑模控制的控制性能,而在模型失配的情况下,内模控制器的鲁棒性能够保证它的控制性能仍然优于传统PID.在所提出的内模控制器设计方法中,前馈滤波器的设计并未用到任何系统参数,但仍然能够保证理想的稳态响应和扰动响应,因此所提出方法相比于很多针对具体模型的控制策略,具有更好的实用价值.     

基于误差空间的鲁棒跟踪控制

为精确跟踪参考输入信号、抑制扰动信号，将输入信号和扰动信号满足的方程作为问题公式的一部分，在误差空间中设计鲁棒跟踪控制器；并加入前馈控制，改善系统的动态性能，提高系统抑制扰动的能力，使系统能以零稳态误差跟踪非衰减输入，零稳态误差抑制非衰减扰动，并在某些参数变化的情况下能准确跟踪输入信号．仿真结果表明系统具有很强的鲁棒性、优良的动态性能和稳态性能．     

Design of uncertain multi-input systems with state delay and input deadzone nonlinearity via sliding mode control

The problem of robust stabilization of a class of uncertain multi-input time-delayed systems with deadzone nonlinearity in the actuator is considered. To achieve a stable uncertain multi-input system, sliding mode control (SMC) is adopted in the controller design. The proposed controller guarantees the global reaching condition of the sliding mode in the uncertain multi-input system. In the sliding mode, the investigated time-delayed systems with deadzone nonlinearity still possess the insensitivity to the uncertainties and/or disturbances, which can be seen in the systems with linear inputs. In addition, the proposed controller can work effectively for systems no matter whether sector nonlinearity and/or deadzone exists in the actuator or not. However, such property cannot be obtained by the controller design through traditional SMC for the systems without input nonlinearity. Besides, the traditional SMC controller might produce limit cycles once the system contains deadzone in the input. Furthermore, the presented controller ensures the system trajectories globally exponentially converged in the sliding mode. Finally, two examples are illustrated to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed sliding mode controller.     

基于RBFN的伺服系统逆控制器设计及仿真研究

飞行仿真转台伺服系统中有一些诸如负载变化、机械摩擦等不确定和非线性因素，而神经网络逆控制对模型的不依赖性能较好的解决这些问题。该文给出了转台伺服系统速度跟踪的神经网络逆控制方案，它可以克服转台中负载变化及一些参数变化的影响，且能显著的提高动态精度。通过使用RBF神经网络实现了对象逆动态模型的在线辨识。并直接将该RBFN与PI环节构成一种神经网络逆控制制器，仿真结果表明这种方法具有较好的鲁棒性及较高的跟踪精度，有实际应用价值。     

电子节气门控制器的设计

针对电子节气门系统结构复杂的特点,提出了一种新的电子节气门位置传感器智能控制的设计方法。该控制器由TMS320LF4207中央处理器和TLF6209驱动芯片等组成。具体给出了电子节气门系统在发动机控制系统中的应用框架,通过专家自整定PID控制策略,实现对节气门系统的位置控制。电子节气门开度的阶跃响应试验验证了该方法可以对电子节气门实现精确、快速和稳态误差小的闭环控制。     

Design of a Robust Optimal Decentralized PI Controller Based on Nonlinear Constraint Optimization For Level Regulation: An Experimental Study

This paper presents the development of a new robust optimal decentralized PI controller based on nonlinear optimization for liquid level control in a coupled tank system. The proposed controller maximizes the closed-loop bandwidth for specified gain and phase margins, with constraints on the overshoot ratio to achieve both closed-loop performance and robustness. In the proposed work, a frequency response fitting model reduction technique is initially employed to obtain a first order plus dead time (FOPDT) model of each higher order subsystem. Furthermore, based on the reduced order model, a proposed controller is designed. The stability and performance of the proposed controller are verified by considering multiplicative input and output uncertainties. The performance of the proposed optimal robust decentralized control scheme has been compared with that of a decentralized PI controller. The proposed controller is implemented in real-time on a coupled tank system. From the obtained results, it is shown that the proposed optimal decentralized PI controller exhibits superior control performance to maintain the desired level, for both the nominal as well as the perturbed case as compared to a decentralized PI controller.      

PI tracking control for nonlinear time-varying delay Markov jump systems

This paper considers robust stochastic stability and PI tracking control problem for Markov jump systems with both input delay and an unknown nonlinear function. Based on the traditional PI control strategy, a new controller design scheme is proposed for nonlinear time-delay Markov jump systems which can realize multiple control objectives including robust stochastic stability and tracking performance. By using the Lyapunov stability theory and LMI algorithms, a sufficient condition for the solution to robust stochastic stability and tracking control problem is obtained. Then, the desired controller with PI structure is designed, which ensures the resulting closed-loop system is robust stochastically stable and the system state has favorable tracking performance. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.     

Decentralized robust PI controller design for an industrial boiler

This paper presents a new scheme to design decentralized robust PI controllers for uncertain LTI multivariable systems. Sufficient conditions for closed-loop stability and closed-loop diagonal dominance (almost decoupling) of a multivariable system are obtained. Satisfying these conditions and robust performance of the overall system are modeled as local robust performance problems. Then, by appropriately selecting the time constants of the closed-loop isolated subsystems in the IMC (Internal Model Control) strategy, the defined local robust performance problems are solved. To design a decentralized robust PI controller for a real industrial utility boiler, a control oriented nonlinear model for the boiler is identified. The nonlinearity of the system is modeled as uncertainty for a nominal LTI multivariable system. Using the new proposed method, a decentralized PI controller for the uncertain LTI model is designed. The designed controller is applied to the real system. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.     

Structure and stability analysis of a Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy PI controller with application to tissue hyperthermia therapy

 In this paper, we first reveal the analytical structure of a simple Takagi–Sugeno (TS) fuzzy PI controller relative to the linear PI controller. The fuzzy controller consists of two linear input fuzzy sets, four TS fuzzy rules with linear consequent, Zadeh fuzzy logic AND and the centroid defuzzifier. We prove that the fuzzy controller is actually a nonlinear PI controller with the gains changing with process output. Utilizing the well-known small Gain Theorem in control theory, we then derive sufficient conditions for global stability of the fuzzy control systems involving the TS fuzzy PI controller. Finally, as an application demonstration, we apply the fuzzy PI controller to control issue temperature, in computer simulation, during hyperthermia therapy. The relationship between heat energy and tissue temperature is represented by a linear time-varying model with a time delay. The sufficient conditions for global stability are used to design a stable fuzzy control system. Our simulation results show that the fuzzy PI control system achieves satisfactory temperature control performance. The control system is robust and stable even when the model parameters are changed suddenly and significantly.     

LPV系统加权函数法的鲁棒跟踪设计

线性时变系统的重要一类是处理对象中状态空间矩阵的时变物理参数,如何设计控制器使系统满足设计指标是控制中的关键问题。研究了基于加权函数法的线性变参数(LPV)系统设计方法与过程,并指出了参数不确定系统的信号跟踪、系统的稳定性和干扰抑制问题,这三者与控制性能指标设计问题之间是可以相互转化的。通过选择加权函数,转变为线性分式的控制问题求解,从而达到提高系统的鲁棒性能,降低保守性的目的。最后,通过实际的感应电机转子磁链跟踪系统,采用基于LPV鲁棒加权函数法设计其控制器,仿真实现了它对输入磁链参考信号的有效跟踪,且它能有效抑制外界干扰,从而验证了此方法设计的控制器的有效性。