Integrating natural language understanding with document structure analysis

Document understanding, the interpretation of a document from its image form, is a technology area which benefits greatly from the integration of natural language processing with image processing. We have developed a prototype of an Intelligent Document Understanding System (IDUS) which employs several technologies: image processing, optical character recognition, document structure analysis and text understanding in a cooperative fashion. This paper discusses those areas of research during development of IDUS where we have found the most benefit from the integration of natural language processing and image processing: document structure analysis, optical character recognition (OCR) correction, and text analysis. We also discuss two applications which are supported by IDUS: text retrieval and automatic generation of hypertext links     

接触式图像传感器应用于表格文档信息处理

表格文档在日常生活中运用十分广泛 ,它应用于人口普查、银行票据、各类报表等领域 ,对这类文档进行计算机自动处理具有重要的现实意义。表格文档信息处理系统主要由文档原始图像获取、文档结构提取和填写信息识别等部分组成。在分析了国内外表格文档信息自动录入系统的优缺点后 ,采用一种基于接触式图像传感器 (CIS)摄取表格文档的原始图像信号 ,利用硬件获得了高质量的图像信号。采用光学字符识别 (OCR)技术对填写的表格文档信息进行识别。该表格文档信息处理系统具有对表格文档的纸张和填写的要求低和识别准确度高的特点。     

一种柔性图像并行处理机

探讨了多指令流多数据流图像并行处理拓扑结构，设计了一种具有柔性结构的图像并行处理机。分析比较了柔性图像并行处理机与典型图像并行处理机在结构和性能方面的差异，给出了一种基于TI公司C6000系列DSP的柔性图像并行处理机的实现方案。分析和实现结果表明，柔性图像并行处理机适应能力强，便于调整、扩展和升级。     

软件DSM机群上并行大规模地理图像处理系统ParGIP

基于共享虚拟存储（shared virtual memory,SVM)PC机群的大规模并行地理图像处理原型系统ParGIP(parallel geographical image processing)采用Client-Server计算模型，通过软件分布式共享存储（software distributed shared memory,software DSM)中间层将PC机群组织成一个逻辑上共享的内存的并行计算平台，地理图像处理可以充分利用ParGIP提供的大共享内存和并行处理能力来提高性能，缩短处理周期，从而解决传统单机串行方式下地理图像处理中内存匮乏和计算能力不足的问题，ParGIP还进一步将机群中各个结点上分布的磁盘组织起来，提供地理影像库所需的海量存储空间和并行I／O能力，测试结果表明，ParGIP的8机并行I／O带宽达到102．6MB/s，典型的图像处理算法获得了接近线性的加速比。     

An Analytical Method for Predicting the Performance of Parallel Image Processing Operations

This paper presents an analytical performance prediction model and methodology that can be used to predict the execution time, speedup, scalability and similar performance metrics of a large set of image processing operations running on a p-processor parallel system. The model which requires only a few parameters obtainable on a minimal system can help in the systematic design, evaluation and performance tuning of parallel image processing systems. Using the model one can reason about the performance of a parallel image processing system prior to implementation. The method can also support programmers in detecting critical parts of an implementation and system designers in predicting hardware performance and the effect of hardware parameter changes on performance. The execution of parallel image processing operations was studied and operations were arranged in three main problem classes based on data locality and the communication patterns of the algorithms. The core of the method is the derivation of the overhead function, as it is the overhead that determines the achievable speedup. The overheads were examined and modelled for each class. The use of the method is illustrated by four class-representative image processing algorithms: image-scalar addition, convolution, histogram calculation and the Fast Fourier Transform. The developed performance model has been validated on a 16-node parallel machine and it has been shown that the model is able to predict the parallel run-time and other performance metrics of parallel image processing operations accurately.     

正交阵并行图象处理的研究和实现

文中提出了具有良好性能的正交阵并行图象处理机系统的硬件构造，并详细分析了快速Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ变换，图象矩运算，直方图统计等图像处理中常用算法在并行机上的执行情况，时间复杂度和相对单机而言的加速比。     

基于流处理器的图像灰度变换并行处理研究

提出了一种基于流处理器的图像灰度变换并行处理系统.该系统采用Strom-1 系列SP16HP-G220流数字信号处理器构建硬件平台,根据流处理器体系结构特点建立了适应图像灰度变换并行处理的流程序模型,并对图像灰度变换进行算法并行性分析与算法流化.对利用流化过的算法与传统灰度变换算法进行了对比实验.实验结果表明,灰度变换...     

文档处理中消除线噪声的研究

文中讨论了在文档处理中对表格当图像处理的一种预处理方法。由于表格型文档的框线会和文档中字符粘连或交叠。这将会降低ＯＣＲ系统识别模块的性能,从而影响系统整体性能。文中无针对这种情况提出了去除文档图像中线噪声的一个和基本模型,给出了该基本模型消除线噪声的具体算法。     

投票表决算法在高帧频图像处理中的应用

针对目前高帧频图像处理方法中软件速度慢、实时性差、专用硬件开发周期长、灵活性差等缺陷,开发完成了基于FPGA的高帧频图像硬件实时处理系统。该系统采用投票表决算法,压缩了存储和处理的数据量,充分发挥FPGA器件的并行特性,使图像采集与图像处理并行完成,提高了图像处理速度。系统已成功应用于高速轨道检测车的钢轨断面图像实时动态处理和分析。     

CT中的DICOM图像处理技术

CT是医学诊断的一个主要医学图像应用技术手段.在CT技术应用中,DICOM文件标准以及CT图像的组成,是医学图像处理与应用的一个难点,对DICOM文件格式的组成及如何转换成BMP位图文件的处理方式与算法进行了描述,从而实现在普通的计算机上处理DICOM图像,为医学三维重建提供基本的图像信息.     

基于知识的多页文档逻辑结构的分析和理解

文档图像理解中最重要的部分是逻辑结构的提取。目前的研究主要集中在页面的布局分析上,少数对文档逻辑结构的研究只是针对单页文档或页面关系简单的多页文档。建筑标书的特殊性在于其层次式的逻辑组成结构没有明确的索引信息标识。本文提出了一种利用页面间引用关系获取文档逻辑结构的方法。该方法采用修正的树形结构表示文档的逻辑结构,逻辑树的创建过程就是逻辑结构的获取过程,而且有利于更高层的语义处理及还原输出。该方法已在标书自动处理系统中实现,保证了该系统的灵活和高效。     

Application of a parallel pattern processor to remote sensing

This paper describes application techniques of satellite remote sensing using a newly developed interactive digital image processing system, where a parallel pattern processor performs characteristic roles. The pattern processor can execute several image processing functions at high speed, which are frequently used in remote sensing studies; affine transformation for geometric correction of LANDSAT MSS data to implement a satellite image database, maximum likelihood estimation for land cover classification, and pixelwise operations for change detection, etc.

These application results indicate that the developed interactive image processing system is sufficiently effective to process remote-sensed data.     

多篇章非Manhattan版面层次布局模型和阅读顺序确定

针对报纸中多篇章非Manhattan版面引入PMRegion对象,并建立了满足约束的层次布局模型和层次空间关系,给出了版面逐层快速分解和阅读顺序无二义性确定算法．该算法已成功应用于专业排版系统,取得了满意的效果,对更深入研究文档图像理解具有十分重要的理论和实践意义．     

Analysis of a model for parallel image processing

An increasing awareness of the need for high speed parallel processing systems for image analysis has stimulated a great deal of interest in the design and development of such systems. Efficient processing schemes for several specific problems have been developed providing some insight into the general problems encountered in designing efficient image processing algorithms for parallel architectures. However it is still not clear what architecture or architectures are best suited for image processing in general, or how one may go about determining those which are. An approach that would allow application requirements to specify architectural features would be useful in this context. Working towards this goal, general principles are outlined for formulating parallel image processing tasks by exploiting parallelism in the algorithms and data structures employed. A synchronous parallel processing model is proposed which governs the communication and interaction between these tasks. This model presents a uniform framework for comparing and contrasting different formulation strategies. In addition, techniques are developed for analyzing instances of this model to determine a high level specification of a parallel architecture that best ‘matches’ the requirements of the corresponding application. It is also possible to derive initial estimates of the component capabilities that are required to achieve predefined performance levels. Such analysis tools are useful both in the design stage, in the selection of a specific parallel architecture, or in efficiently utilizing an existing one. In addition, the architecture independent specification of application requirements makes it a useful tool for benchmarking applications.     

CPU/GPU 异构环境下图像协同并行处理模型

随着GPU通用计算能力的不断发展,一些新的更高效的处理技术应用到图像处理领域.目前已有一些图像处理算法移植到GPU中且取得了不错的加速效果,但这些算法没有充分利用CPU/GPU组成的异构系统中各处理单元的计算能力.文章在研究GPU编程模型和并行算法设计的基础上,提出了CPU/GPU异构环境下图像协同并行处理模型.该模型充分考虑异构系统中各处理单元的计算能力,通过图像中值滤波算法,验证了CPU/GPU环境下协同并行处理模型在高分辨率灰度图像处理中的有效性.实验结果表明,该模型在CPU/GPU异构环境下通用性较好,容易扩展到其他图像处理算法.     

多总线多DSP实时图像处理操作系统的设计与实现

该文针对多总线多 DSP实时图像识别系统 ,设计并实现了一个并行操作系统 .它包括嵌入到 DSP芯片上的操作系统和运行在 PC机上的协议软件两部分 .协议软件提供一个人机界面 ,接收算法的分解信息 ,并将其按一定的数据结构组织 ,再将所有的子任务及其分解信息连接成一个作业 .DSP上的操作系统支持作业从上位机上加载 ,或通过 EPROM加载 .操作系统支持 VXI总线标准 ,并提供了数据通信、任务分配和并发进程管理等功能 .它根据任务分解信息 ,分配硬件资源 ,构造数据流向 ,建立子任务相互间的同步关系 ,完成与上位机的联络并输出结果 .实验结果表明 ,该文设计的硬件及其操作系统能够适应不同并行结构的需要 ,并得到满意的图像并行处理效果 .     

Distributed computing model for processing remotely sensed images based on grid computing

With advances in remote-sensing technology, the large volumes of data cannot be analyzed efficiently and rapidly, especially with arrival of high-resolution images. The development of image-processing technology is an urgent and complex problem for computer and geo-science experts. It involves, not only knowledge of remote sensing, but also of computing and networking. Remotely sensed images need to be processed rapidly and effectively in a distributed and parallel processing environment. Grid computing is a new form of distributed computing, providing an advanced computing and sharing model to solve large and computationally intensive problems. According to the basic principle of grid computing, we construct a distributed processing system for processing remotely sensed images. This paper focuses on the implementation of such a distributed computing and processing model based on the theory of grid computing. Firstly, problems in the field of remotely sensed image processing are analyzed. Then, the distributed (and parallel) computing model design, based on grid computing, is applied. Finally, implementation methods with middleware technology are discussed in detail. From a test analysis of our system, TARIES.NET, the whole image-processing system is evaluated, and the results show the feasibility of the model design and the efficiency of the remotely sensed image distributed and parallel processing system.     

邮政编码数字识别系统的设计与实现

文章介绍用于邮政编码数字识别的高速实时图象处理系统的研制。系统以ＰＣ为核心,采用并行处理方式,实践表明具有性能价格比高和易于扩充升级等优点,满足了实际使用的要求。     

基于以太网通讯技术的工业测控系统

将以太网通讯技术和A/D转换器以及传感器相结合,在用VB语言自编程的基础上设计了一种工业状态参数实时测控系统,该系统具有实时监测、实时控制、实时数据处理、数据保存、超限数据报警、历史数据查看以及通讯状态的自诊断等功能,而且操作简单。在GTL合成油装置上试验表明本测控系统具有良好的稳定性和可靠性。     

基于硬件加速的高精度实时图像处理系统设计

高精度实时图像处理在众多领域中具有广泛的应用前景;在分析高精度实时图像处理要求的基础卜,设汁实现了基于硬件加速的高精度实时图像处理系统;系统采用浮点嵌入式硬件协处理单元对高精度图像处理进行加速;协处理单元和主机之间的高速数据通路和控制通路,便于主机与协处理单元的数据传输及对协处理单元进行软封装;并在此基础上通过软件设计实现了图像的流水线并行处理,可明显提高系统处理速度;通过实验证明,对于文中采用的算法,相比主机本系统可将图像处理速度提高30%以上,达到25帧/s的高精度实时图像处理要求.