图像语义的图形化标注和检索研究

基于图像语义进行检索的目的是希望能够更好地从用户的角度出发,查找出与用户理解相一致的图像。针对目前图像语义检索过程中存在的问题,提出一个基于对象的图像语义内容标注模型和检索框架。首先利用分割算法获取图像中的语义对象区域,然后以MPEG-7标准中的语义描述方案为基础,利用图形化结构实现图像语义内容的标注。在检索过程中,用户把查询内容转化为图形化描述结构,通过提取该描述图的不同长度的路径信息形成查询文档,与图像库中的图像语义标注文档进行匹配实现图像检索。实验结果表明,提出的方法能够有效地实现基于语义的图像标注和检索,与全文检索相比,有较高的查全率和查准率。     

语义图像检索研究进展

语义图像检索已成为解决图像简单视觉特征和用户检索丰富语义之间存在的“语义鸿沟”问题的关键。从图像语义描述方式、图像语义抽取方法和语义检索系统设计3个方面对语义图像检索的研究状况进行了分析和研究;讨论了面向对象的图像内容模型和图像语义表示问题;对利用系统知识的提取、根据用户交互的提取和利用外部信息源的语义生成等具有代表性的语义处理方法进行了阐述;介绍了系统设计中用户界面和语义处理的不同方式,最后从对象识别、语义抽取规则、用户检索模型和图像检索性能评价标准4个方面剖析了实现图像语义处理所面临的困难,并提出了一些初步解决思路。     

基于草图查询的语义对象图像检索

针对图像低层特征和高层语义之间存在的语义鸿沟问题,提出一种结合草图查询和相关反馈的语义对象图像检索系统.该系统首先根据用户输入的手绘草图,利用形状(轮廓、区域和骨架)特征从对象库中初步检索出语义对象并保存其区域组合;然后根据用户选择的反馈对象并结合查询草图提取用户检索对象的语义特征(形状、区域及拓扑特征),最后采用寻找最优区域配对的方法在系统特征库中进行检索.实验结果表明,本文方法不但对用户需求的语义对象有较好的检索效果,而且还能较准确地在结果图像中框选出用户感兴趣的语义对象.     

一种基于本体的视频检索技术研究

传统的视频检索大多采用基于关键词的方法,难以获得让用户满意的查准率和查全率。为此提出一种基于本体的视频检索技术,该技术借助于领域本体,以其基本概念为关键词通过互联网图像搜索引擎在线获取样本图像组,提取SIFT特征建立图像特征词典,抽取图像特征直方图并计算相似度,辅助完成视频的自动标注,初始化视频检索库;同时,借助于领域本体,对从用户的查询输入中抽取的关键词进行语义扩展,将以扩展概念集进行检索的结果返回给用户,以此实现基于本体的视频检索。最后,结合实例对该算法进行实现和分析,表明了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

图像的语义关联与图像索引

基于内容图像检索的主要挑战在于不断变化的图像检索要求、难于表达的图像内容以及图像表达的数字阵列与通常可以被人类所接受的概念化内容之间的语义鸿沟.提出了一个基于语义关联的图像检索方法,在语义关联的基础上形成一个场景类别的语义表达,以便用户可以将感知上相似的图像组织在一起,形成概念上下文,使得用户可以解释和标记图像而无需给...     

基于概念级语义的图像描述与识别

由于计算机自动提取的图像视觉特征与人所理解的图像内容存在巨大的差异,传统的低层的视觉特征(如颜色、纹理、形状等)CBIR(Content-Based Image Retrieval)系统的检索结果往往不尽如人意.近年来,根据概念级语义(如男孩、高兴、浪漫等)的CBIR引起了研究者的重视.本文对CBIR领域的大量文献进行了深入的分析,从工程角度综述了图像概念级语义的描述模型、概念级语义特征提取和概念级语义图像检索问题的研究进展,并阐述了作者的一些观点.     

基于GIS语义的遥感图像检索

语义图像检索为填补图像低层视觉特征和用户高层语义之间的鸿沟而产生,图像语义描述和提取是其关键。提出了一种基于G IS语义的遥感图像检索(G IS sem antics-based remote sensing im age retrieval,简称G ISSB IR)方法,主要涉及空间对象的语义表达和语义匹配两方面内容。利用面向对象G IS语义模型和概念语义网络共同表达空间对象的语义,设计了语义调解器处理用户与系统之间的语义不一致。通过对G IS原子查询结果进行布尔运算得到矢量查询结果,在此基础上得到与G IS数据具有统一坐标框架的遥感图像检索结果。实验结果表明G ISSB IR方法是有效的。     

基于领域本体的语义合成研究

为了在检索过程中全面挖掘用户查询信息,文中提出了一种基于领域本体的语义合成技术,该方法以文本为数据源,引用数据源和领域本体之间的映射关系来表达数据文本的语义.文章提出了一个语义合成模型,该模型由领域本体、关键词语义抽取、概念语义相似度计算及语义推理等相关技术模型组成.文中对该模型进行了实验验证,通过对实验结果进行分析推理可知,文中提出的基于领域本体的语义合成模型提高了检索系统的查准率和计算机处理信息的能力,从而也提高了用户的满意度.     

基于文本与语义相关性分析的图像检索

为了更加有效地检索到符合用户复杂语义需求的图像，提出一种基于文本描述与语义相关性分析的图像检索算法。该方法将图像检索分为两步：基于文本语义相关性分析的图像检索和基于SIFT特征的相似图像扩展检索。根据自然语言处理技术分析得到用户文本需求中的关键词及其语义关联，在选定图像库中通过语义相关性分析得到“种子”图像；接下来在图像扩展检索中，采用基于SIFT特征的相似图像检索，利用之前得到的“种子”图像作为查询条件，在网络图像库中进行扩展检索，并在结果集上根据两次检索的图像相似度进行排序输出，最终得到更加丰富有效的图像检索结果。为了证明算法的有效性，在标准数据集Corel5K和网络数据集Deriantart8K上完成了多组实验，实验结果证明该方法能够得到较为精确地符合用户语义要求的图像检索结果，并且通过扩展算法可以得到更加丰富的检索结果。     

基于关键词与语义概念结合的信息检索研究

对关键词和概念检索的原理进行分析后，提出了一种基于语义概念检索的向量空间模型以及该模型与关键词检索结合的检索方法。在不同的检索领域，可以通过调整该检索方法中的结合参数达到最好的检索效果。实验结果表明，语义概念检索的向量空间模型的性能优于关键词检索的向量空间模型；结合检索方法既能保留关键词检索和概念检索的优点，也能弥补各自的不足。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate