基于多线程并行的大规模场景交互漫游研究

针对大规模三维场景的交互漫游,提出了一种基于多线程并行调度解决方案,并给出了相应的交互漫游算法.该方法使用离散层次细节技术结合视点相关的动态连续层次细节选择和过渡的批LOD技术.在预处理阶段,对大规模场景进行分层分块处理;在实时漫游阶段,采用多线程并行技术:绘制线程利用四又树层次进行可见性剔除和视点相关简化获取当前可绘地形,并将其提交给GPU进行绘制.预取线程通过预测视点的位置,从外存预取相关的几何数据并调入内存.将该方法应用于具体实例,取得了良好效果,证明了该并行方法的有效性.     

高精度高速度曲面建模的3维地表模拟和漫游算法

三维真实感地形场景是生态系统模拟、虚拟地理环境和三维GIS不可或缺的要素,而高精度高速度曲面建模方法可以动态实时构建高精度曲面模型。论文引入高精度高速度曲面建模方法,提出了一种可以动态生成地表模型并实时绘制和漫游三维真实感地表的方法。该方法实时动态建立高精度DEM,结合改进的视点依赖多分辨率绘制方法,随视点改变动态重建并绘制当前DEM。首先建立当前可见场景的DEM,然后通过依赖于视点的简化等处理建立层次细节模型,进行实时场景绘制和漫游,随视点改变,在当前场景基础上动态加点和减点更新DEM及层次细节模型,生成当前可见场景,以次循环。实例测试表明,算法可产生真实感较强的场景,实时漫游效率较高,模拟精确。     

视点相关的真实感三维风景区模拟研究与实现

提出采用八叉树组织真实山体数据,根据视点距离采用不同的细节层次LOD表示山体各部分,并结合视觉剪裁和帧间相关性进一步减少绘制的山体,达到加速三维地形的绘制和漫游的目的.使用混合纹理映射、阴影渲染技术,并加入山谷中的水面模拟,生成具有真实感的大规模三维风景场景.实验结果表明该方法有效地减少了算法复杂度,易实现碰撞检测,大大提高了绘制效率,在PC机上能实时地生成高分辨率、具有真实感的场景,完全满足VR交互要求.     

视点相关的真实感三维风景区模拟研究与实现*

提出采用八叉树组织真实山体数据,根据视点距离采用不同的细节层次LOD表示山体各部分,并结合视觉剪裁和帧间相关性进一步减少绘制的山体,达到加速三维地形的绘制和漫游的目的。使用混合纹理映射、阴影渲染技术,并加入山谷中的水面模拟,生成具有真实感的大规模三维风景场景。实验结果表明该方法有效地减少了算法复杂度,易实现碰撞检测,大大提高了绘制效率,在PC机上能实时地生成高分辨率、具有真实感的场景,完全满足VR交互要求。     

一种超大规模地形场景的实时渲染算法

超大规模地形场景包含大量的数据,无法一次性载入内存进行实时渲染.基于Geometrical Mipmapping算法,结合动态调度技术,提出一种高效的超大规模地形场景实时渲染算法.算法对海量地形数据进行分块,在实时运行时,根据视点的位置动态地载入所需的地形块和释放无用的地形块,使得内存中的地形数据维持在一定范围内.然后,通过LOD技术和视域剔除对内存中的地形数据进行简化,大量减少送入GPU的三角形数量,从而达到实时渲染.实验结果表明,算法渲染速度快,内存开销较小,适合于超大规模地形场景的实时渲染.     

地形可视化中的改进Geoclipmap算法

在大地形实时绘制中,大规模的地形数据和有限的硬件数据通信带宽是限制地形绘制效率的主要原因。在Geoclipmap算法的基础上,通过使用几何场景图(GSG)组织结构提高数据外存加载效率,在mipmap棱锥生成过程中采取sinc滤波方法进行重采样,避免地形细节丢失。为减少CPU到图形处理器（GPU）的数据流量,提出一种基于层次包围球的二级视锥体裁剪技术,并将法线的生成放到GPU的片段着色器中。实验结果表明,算法保持地形真实感,并有效提高绘制效率,能满足大地形的实时渲染要求。     

一种基于混合结构的地形快速绘制算法

大规模地形绘制在虚拟现实等领域中有着广泛应用.针对实时场景漫游过程中对场景精度的要求,提出一种视点相关的混合结构的LOD简化算法,算法保留了四叉树结构与不规则三角网TIN(Triangulated Irregular Network)结构的优点,在宏观上以四叉树方法简化地形数据,在细节层次上使用不规则三角网表示地形,最后通过有效的误差控制原则,解决了四叉树结构分块间的连接问题.简化了算法实现,提高了算法效率,在重建速度上有了一定的提高.     

一种基于GeoMipMaps的大规模地形实时可视化方法

针对海量地形数据无法一次性载入内存进行实时渲染的问题,本文提出一种高效的大规模地形场景实时可视化方法。该方法对GeoMipMaps算法进行了改进,利用地形数据分块技术和多线程技术来实现数据的动态调度。同时,利用LOD技术和视域剔除技术减少需要绘制的三角形数量;运用VBO技术将经常使用且不频繁变动的数据保存在显存中,避免大量数据在渲染时频繁地从内存传输到显存,从而达到实时渲染的效果。实验结果表明,该方法能有效地提高地形漫游的效率和可视化结果,实时地生成大规模地形。     

QuickWalk:一个大规模场景交互漫游系统

随着三维扫描与建模技术的飞速发展,三维场景的数据量急剧增大,无法一次性载入内存,而且难以进行交互绘制.研究开发了一个大规模外存场景的交互漫游系统QuickWalk,该系统集成了视点相关的层次细节技术、可见性剔除和场景数据的内外存调度,能够有效地减少运行时刻的内存需要,使CPU、GPU和I/O三者的效率得到充分发挥.实验表明,在保证场景绘制质量的前提下,该系统能够在目前普通的PC上实现大规模外存场景的实时显示和交互操纵.     

HLODs模型在场景快速绘制中的应用

论述了一种基于视相关分级细节层次的场景简化的算法，加速场景绘制速度。预处理阶段利用八叉树构造场景的分层次结构；实时渲染阶段，采用多线程进行场景的实时绘制：根据视点进行可见性剔除，根据屏幕误差选择合理的分级细节层次，利用数据管理调度进行数据的实时更新。在保持图像的保真度条件下，可实现场景的快速绘制。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate