十二胺捕收剂溶剂化效应及其水相氢键超分子作用的密度泛函研究

采用密度泛函方法研究了十二胺在气相、苯、乙酸、乙醇及水中的分子构型、电荷分布以及前线轨道。首先采用B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)及B3 LYP/6-311++G(d,p)进行优化,采用自洽反应理论(SCRF)的极化连续介质模型(PCM)进行不同溶剂条件下的优化并进行自然键轨道(NBO)分析。结果表明,对比气相条件下,十二胺分子的几何构型发生了微弱变化,这种变化随着溶剂介电常数的增加长程稳定性增强,溶剂化效应使前线轨道中HOMO趋于比LUMO更稳定,NBO分析表明溶剂化能主要来源于LP(1)N_(38)→π~*C_(32)-C_(33)。随着溶剂介电常数的增加,十二胺分子采用B3 LYP/6-31+G(d,p)的△E_(HOMO)-E_(LUMO)由气相-0.23773 a.u至水相中-0.25120 a.u,溶剂化能-13.36 kcal/mol,采用B3 LYP/6-311++G(d,p)的△E_(HOMO)-E_(LUMO)由气相-0.22755 a.u至水相中-0.24004 a.u,溶剂化能-13.02 kcal/mol,溶剂化能趋于稳定,表明十二胺分子的溶剂化效应采用B3 LYP/6-31+G(d,p)构型趋于稳定。采用B3LYP/6-31+G(d,p)对十二胺与水分子氢键超分子结构进行了研究,利用分子静电势(MEP)进行氢键及反应活性位分析,结果表明氢键作用是引起十二胺分子结构和性质变化的主要原因。研究结果对十二胺捕收剂在溶剂条件下对矿物的浮选机理认识具有一定的理论意义。     

ZSM-5分子筛中Al的分布及Ga改性对其酸性强度的影响

利用量子化学理论研究了ZSM-5分子筛中骨架Al的分布,计算采用11T簇模型[(HSiO)_3 SiO(H)M(OSiH)_2OSi(OSiH)_3](M=Si,Al,Ga),和B3LYP/6-31G(d)的计算方法,得到了T1,T2,T12位置上的Al/Si,(Al,H)/Si替代能,结果表明11T簇模型中骨架Al优先取代于ZSM-5分子筛中的T12位。采用MP2/6-311++G(3df,2p),计算得到Al/ZSM-5、Ga/ZSM-5分子筛的质子亲和势分别是316.6 kcal/mol,319.4 kcal/mol;B3LYP/6-31G(d)的方法计算吡啶在分子筛及改性分子筛上的吸附能分别是-25.35 kcal/mol和-23.02 kcal/mol。研究结果表明Ga改性ZSM-5分子筛降低了其酸性强度。     

丙烯酸正丁酯聚合的Diels-Alder反应机理理论研究

本文从理论上对丙烯酸正丁酯(nBA)自引发聚合的Diels-Alder反应机理进行了研究.利用DFT方法在UB3LYP/6-31G*水平上对反应的最低能量路径进行了计算,各驻点能量分别采用MP2/6-311G**和B3LYP/6-311 G(3df;2p)进一步精确计算.结构表明:此Diels-Alder反应仅包括一种途径,即路径(I),另一条途径在热力学不支持.     

C3N3(NH2)3、[C(O)NH]3和水双分子间的氢键相互作用

采用密度泛函理论,在B3LYP/6-311+G**水平上对C3N3(NH2)3、[C(O)NH]3、H2O 3种单体在气相中形成的双分了氢键作用体系进行构型优化和频率计算.通过几何优化得到一系列含多个氢键的复合物.频率分析表明,与单体相比,体系形成氢键作用后,参与氢键形成相关的键的红外谱带位置和振动强度都发生明显的变化,其中C3N3(NH2)3-[C(O)NH]3体系中N8-H9键的红移最明显.同时,通过B3LYP/6-311+G**和MP2/6-311+G**水平计算的含基组重叠误差(BSSE)校正的氢键相互作用能分析表明,C3N3(NH2)3-[C(O)NH]3氢键体系的相互作用能最大,其次是([C(O)NH]3)2体系,采用MP2/6-311+G**方法计算的相互作用能分别达到-14.171 kcal·mol-1和-10.217 kcal·mol-1.另外,通过自然键轨道理论揭示氢键相互作用的本质.     

比较不同基函数下氯化四苯基铁卟啉的B3LYP计算研究

用Gaussian98W程序的密度泛函B3LYP方法,在STO-3G~*、6-31G(d)、6-31G(2d)、6-311G、6-311G(2d,2p)水平,对血红素模拟物氯化铁卟啉分子Fe(TPP)Cl进行了汁算,对分子的结构、电荷密度和自旋密度分布傲了详细对比分析。4个较大基函数计算的能级情况接近,相对较小的6-31G(d)基函数就可以得到较好的计算结果,并且计算时问比用6-311G(2d,2p)基函数少很多。4个较大基函数计算的分子轨道结构几乎完全相同,但6-311G(2d,2p)得到的能级次序与其他大基函数稍有不同。6-311G类基函数的结果较6-31G类基函数有更明显的Fe-卟啉环问的电子转移。根据本文计算结果,6-31G(d)基函数可以利用较少的计算机资源在较短时间内给出不差的结果。     

C6H6和SO3相互作用的理论研究（英文）

采用B3LYP和MP2方法在6-31G*、6-31+G*和6-311+G**基组下对C6H6…SO3复合物体系的4种可能结构进行自由优化,得3种。在考虑基组重叠误差校正基础上,得结合能,并用自然键轨道分析方法讨论其相互作用。结果表明,用B3LYP/6-31G*计算3种复合物的结合能分别为-17.75, -18.33, -18.80 kJ/mol,且C6H6和SO3结合时电子从苯环向SO3转移,形成电荷转移复合物,它们之间的作用包含π-p作用方式。     

酚类化合物抑制黑曲霉毒性与结构关系的数据挖掘

运用HF/6-31G*、HF/6-311G**、DFT-B3LYP/6-31G*、DFT-B3LYP/6-311G**方法全优化计算18种酚类化合物,获得相应的量子化学参数:最高占有轨道能(EHOMO)、最低空轨道能(ELUMO)、前沿轨道能级差(ΔE=ELUMO-EHOMO)、分子偶极距(μ)、各原子净电荷(qi)、...     

合成甲氧苄胺嘧啶缩合反应产物中两种同分异构体的结构和稳定性的理论研究

运用Gaussian03程序,采用B3LYP方法,取6-311G(d,p)基组,研究以三甲氧基苯甲醛为原料,制备甲氧苄胺嘧啶的缩合反应产物中两种同分异构体-2-甲氧甲基-3-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)丙烯腈(Ⅰ)和2-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苄基)-3-甲氧基丙烯腈(Ⅱ)的结构和稳定性,通过结构和轨道能量分析,得化合物Ⅱ比化合物Ⅰ稳定性强的结论,与实验结果一致.     

甲酰基硫脲类嘧啶衍生物结构与活性的理论研究

硫脲类化合物是一类具有广泛抗菌和杀菌活性的物质。为了揭示此类化合物结构与活性之间的关系,为新型杀菌剂的制备和筛选提供理论依据,本文运用Gaussian03程序,在6—311G基组水平上用DFT—B3LYP方法对6种甲酰基硫脲嘧啶衍生物进行研究,对6种化合物的几何构型进行了优化,得到了键长、键角、二面角、原子净电荷等优化几何参数以及分子轨道能量参数。根据优化结果分析了6种化合物的结构特点以及结构和活性之间的关系。计算了6种化合物的红外光谱性质,并且将红外光谱的计算数据和实验数据做了比较。对化合物进行结构分析和红外光谱分析的结果表明：（1）嘧啶环与C（1）-N（7）键形成的共轭基团以及N（9）上的负电荷越多,化合物的活性越高;（2）计算结果与实验结果相吻合,很好地反映了甲酰基硫脲类嘧啶衍生物化合物结构-活性关系。证明DFT-B3LYP／6—311G是一种很好的研究此类化合物结构-活性关系的量子化学方法;（3）本研究为新型酰基硫脲类杀菌剂的开发研究提供了理论依据和研究方法。     

基于DFT和从头算方法的几个三元杂环化合物的理论研究

使用Gaussian94程序包和密度泛函方法(DFT)B3LYP以及从头算方法MP2在B3LYP／6-311 G**基组水平上,对4种三元杂环化合物环丙烷、环氧乙烷、环乙亚胺和硫杂环丙烷进行了全优化,其理论数据和文献数据符合得很好,这表明该方法是可靠的。接着,应用振动模式分析和电子布居分析对它们进行了研究,而且提供了一些热动力学数据。     

Structure and adsorption of a basic probe molecule on H-ZSM-5 nanostructured zeolite: an embedded ONIOM study

The adsorption properties of pyridine on H-ZSM-5 zeolites have been investigated by cluster calculations with the ONIOM scheme and with an embedded-ONIOM scheme. The active site has been modeled with cluster sizes of up to 46 tetrahedra. Two different types of pyridine adsorption complexes on the zeolite models are found. If Zeolite is modeled by a small 3T quantum cluster, the adsorption energy of the hydrogen-bonded pyridine complex (Py-Hz), is found to be -18.5kcal/mol. When a larger cluster or the ONIOM models are employed, the optimized geometries show the formation of pyrdinium cation [PyH(+)] bound as an ion-pair complex [PyH(+)][Z(-)]. The calculated energy of formation for this ion-pair complex is -36.8kcal/mol in the ONIOM (B3LYP/6-31G(d,p):UFF) model. Both values are considerably lower than the experimentally estimated heat of adsorption of pyridine in ZSM-5 zeolite of -47.6kcal/mol. Inclusion of the electrostatic effects of the zeolite crystal lattice via the embedded ONIOM model increases the adsorption energy to -44.4kcal/mol. Performing the quantum-chemical treatment at the MP2/6-31G(d,p) level instead of the B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) leads to a slightly lower adsorption energy to -45.9kcal/mol. These data suggest that the embedded ONIOM scheme provides an accurate method of studying the interaction of small organic molecules with zeolites.     

3-甲基-7-二乙氨基-1,4-氧氮杂萘-2-酮的波谱性质量子化学从头计算

以合成的重要荧光材料3-甲基-7-二乙氨基-1,4-氧氮杂萘-2-酮为例子,进行了一些有机含氮杂环化合物的红外、核磁性质Hartree-Fock(HF)和密度泛函(DFT)量子化学从头计算研究。通过系统构象搜寻,对低能量稳定构象进行了红外振动频率和1H、13C-NMR及偶合常数等光谱学性质的计算,并对计算结果进行详细的归属和解析。在化学位移计算方面,HF／631g(d)和DFT／BG3LYP／6311 g(2d,p)方法计算结果相当。但对于自旋偶合常数的计算,用HF／631g(d)方法不能得到准确的结果,只能用密度泛函大基组的方法才能得到比较准确的结果。计算结果表明有机分子光谱性质的理论计算尤其是核磁性质的计算是一种非常有效的辅助结构确定方法。     

铁卟啉化合物与氧气分子形成的体系的密度泛函理论研究(英文)

采用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法在6-31G(d)基组水平下对氯化铁(+3)卟啉与氧气分子形成的体系进行了研究,得到了几何构型,电子性质及分子轨道结构等相关数据.对两个体系不同自旋状态下的几何构型参数和电子性质对比发现:受体系立体构型对称性的影响,在两个体系中凡是与卟啉环上N原子相关的几何参数及电子性质均呈现出相同规律性.又采用密度泛函理论UB3LYP/6-311G*//UB3LYP/6-31G*方法对这两个体系不同自旋状态下的能量进行了计算,分析表明自旋多重度越高体系越稳定.然后分别分析了两个体系在最稳定自旋状态下的分子轨道占据情况及中心Fe原子最外层3d轨道的电子分布情况,结果表明Fe原子的3d二和3dxz/3dyz与氧气分子的单占据反键轨道HOMO π*2px/π*2py之间存在相互作用,这种相互作用引起铁卟啉环与O2分子间的电子转移并使O2活化.然而,根据分析在通常状态下铁卟啉对O2分子的活化作用是微弱的.     

树状分子聚酰胺胺(PAMAM)的量子化学研究

采用传统的Hartree-Fock(HF)从头算和密度泛函B3LYP方法,选择不同的基组水平(3-21G,6-31G*)对以乙二胺为核的1.0代PAMAM分子进行全几何优化,并对结果进行比较,同时与实验值进行对照.结果表明,B3LYP/6-31G*方法得到的结果更可靠.B3LYP/6.31G*计算结果表明,1.0代PAMAM分子构象不完全对称,4个支链基本在一个平面上,伯胺,仲胺和叔胺上的N原子所带负电荷数逐渐减少,HOMO轨道主要集中在核上,核极易发挥供电子作用.     

主成分分析-神经网络方法用于硝基苯及其同系物的QSAR研究

运用混合密度泛函理论DFT-B3LYP,以6-31G＊为基组计算35个硝基苯及其同系物电子结构的量化参数,采用主成分分析法对16个量化参数进行预处理,并结合人工神经网络对硝基苯及其同系物的QSAR进行了研究。35个化合物被随机分为两组,即训练集和测试集,其RMS值分别为0．095和0．111。取得了较满意的结果。     

Ab initio calculations of the effects of H+ and NH4+ on the initial decomposition of HMX

In this work, the effects of H(+) and NH(4)(+) on the initial decomposition of HMX were investigated on the basis of the B3P86/6-31G** and B3LYP/6-31G* calculations. Three initial decomposition pathways including the N-NO(2) bond fission, HONO elimination and C-N bond dissociation were considered for the complexes formed by HMX with H(+) (PHMX1 and PHMX2) or with NH(4)(+) (AHMX). We found that H(+) and NH(4)(+) did not evidently induce the HMX to trigger the N-NO(2) heterolysis because the energy barrier of N-NO(2) heterolysis was found to be higher than the bond dissociation energy of N-NO(2) homolytic cleavage. Meanwhile, the transition state barriers of the HONO elimination from the complexes were found to be similar to that from the isolated HMX, which means that the HONO elimination reaction of HMX was not affected by the H(+) and NH(4)(+). As for the ring-opening reaction of HMX due to the C-N bond dissociation, the calculated potential energy profile showed that the energy of the complex (AHMX) went uphill along the C-N bond length and no transition state existed on the curve. However, the transition state energy barriers of C-N bond dissociation were calculated to be only 5.0 kcal/mol and 5.5 kcal/mol for the PHMX1 and PHMX2 complexes, respectively, which were much lower than the C-N bond dissociation energy of isolated HMX. Moreover, among the three initial decomposition reactions, the C-N bond dissociation was also the most energetically favorable pathway for the PHMX1 and PHMX2. Our calculation results showed that the H(+) can significantly promote the initial thermal decomposition of C-N bond of HMX, which, however, is influenced by NH(4)(+) slightly.     

Theoretical investigation of nitric oxide interaction with aluminum phthalocyanine

Nitric oxide (NO) is an extremely toxic compound formed during combustion, predominantly at high temperatures, and it is among the most important atmospheric pollutants. However, this compound has interesting biological activities, since it can control important biological processes in living organisms. With the aim of developing new materials that can be used as selective chemical sensors or as biomedical NO delivery agents we carried out a quantum mechanical study of the interaction of NO with aluminum phthalocyanine (AlPc) at B3LYP/6-31G* level. The calculation results show clearly that the complexation of NO with AlPc depends on the latter's oxidation state. NO is more strongly bonded to AlPc in the reduced state (-33.77 kcal/mol) than in the oxidized state (-4.96 kcal/mol). By applying the Fukui function and analysis of the Frontier molecular orbital, it was possible to explain the situation within which nitric oxide interacts with AlPc.     

QM/MM and SCRF studies of the ionization state of 8-methylpterin substrate bound to dihydrofolate reductase: existence of a low-barrier hydrogen bond

Using combined semiempirical quantum mechanics and molecular mechanics (QM/MM) and ab initio self-consistent reaction field (SCRF) calculations, we determined that a low-barrier hydrogen bond (LBHB) is formed when the mechanism-based substrate 8-methylpterin binds to dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). The substrate initially was assumed bound either in the ion-pair form corresponding to N3-protonated substrate hydrogen (H) bonded to the unprotonated (carboxylate) of the conserved Glu30 residue in the active site, or in the neutral-pair form corresponding to unprotonated substrate H bonded to the neutral (carboxylic acid) from of Glu30. The free energy of interaction of these H-bonded systems with the protein/solvent surroundings was computed using a coordinate-coupled free energy perturbation (FEP) method implemented within the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation scheme and using a semiempirical (PM3) QM/MM force field. The free energy obtained from the QM/MM force-field simulations corresponds most closely with the corresponding free energy component obtained from HF/6-31G* SCRF calculations using a value of 2 for the dielectric constant (epsilon) for the solvated protein. Calculations were performed at levels ranging from HF/6-31G to MP2/6-31G* to B3LYP/6-31 + G**, with varying dielectric constants. The energy-minimized path for motion of the proton in the H bond along a one-dimensional reaction coordinate was calculated at HF/6-31G, HF/6-31G* (epsilon = 1) and B3LYP/6-31G* (epsilon = 2) levels. These calculations identified a second neutral-pair complex, involving the 2-amino group of substrate, which also interacts with Glu30, which is lower in energy than the ion-pair form. A harmonic vibrational analysis shows that the first vibrational state appears to lie near or above the TS connecting potential energy minima corresponding to the two neutral-pair configurations, thus indicating an LBHB. Consequently, the H-bonded system will have a significant probability of being found in the ion-pair form, in agreement with experimental spectral studies indicating an enzyme-bound cation and suggesting that the LBHB would activate substrate towards hydride-ion transfer from NADPH.