Kinect动作捕捉技术在三维动画教学中的应用与实践

针对传统三维角色动画制作成本高、时间长的问题,文章介绍了一种应用Kinect动作捕捉技术实现高效制作三维角色动画的方法。该方法借助Kinect体感摄像机捕捉真人的动作生成骨骼关节的关键帧数据并输出bvh动作路径文件,然后把bvh动作路径数据导入C4D软件中,就可以驱动角色模型完成角色动画的制作。把这种方法运用到三维角色动画教学实践中,有利于提高学生学习的兴趣和效率。     

基于三维结构的骨骼动画技术在二维动画中的应用

动画造型的运动控制是二维动画由传统手绘向计算机辅助制作转变过程中的重点、难点问题之一。针对这一问题,研究分析三维骨骼动画技术的数据结构和运动原理,并将其应用到二维动画制作过程中,同时结合二维动画的数据特点,提出三维骨骼和二维图形之间的绑定方法,实现基于三维骨骼的二维动画过程。应用结果表明三维结构的骨骼动画技术能够有效提高二维动画制作效率和动画质量。     

基于动作捕捉技术的民族舞蹈三维数字化方法研究

研究民族舞蹈三维动捕数据真实全面的获取方法,并以此方法指导摆手舞的三维数据采集。同时本文以舞蹈动画生成为例介绍民族舞蹈三维数据化的后期应用,建立带有民族特色角色建模并辅以骨骼绑定,而后将角色模型与动捕数据进行运动数据绑定,以实现舞蹈三维动捕数据驱动角色模型生成动画的目标,动画制作的效率得到了提高。表明动作捕捉技术可用于保护我国民族舞蹈艺术文化,基于动捕技术的民族舞蹈三维数字化方法的推广将产生积极的社会效益和经济效益。     

Kinect骨骼数据驱动的实时角色动画实验教学设计

针对动作捕捉技术教学实验实施不便、实验设备搭建和维护麻烦等问题,提出利用Kinect镜头采集骨骼运动数据,实时驱动三维虚拟角色动作并记录输出动画的方法,论述实时角色动画实验教学设计过程。     

三维图形引擎中骨骼蒙皮动画的一种实现方法

提出了三维图形引擎中骨骼蒙皮动画的一种实现方法，即将现有的关节动画与单一网格动画相结合，利用骨架的继承变换和顶点混合技术使骨骼蒙皮动画平滑逼真。实验表明该方法有良好的显示效果，并具有较好的实时性，且占用的存储空间不大，能够满足当前三维图形引擎对动画技术的要求。     

基于iPhone平台的骨骼动画研究与实现

针对目前iPhone平台上只支持无碰撞检测的网格动画和基于图片调用的帧动画的现状,提出了一种新的基于iPhone平台的具有碰撞检测的骨骼动画实现方法.将关节动画与网格动画相结合,生成具有光滑皮肤的逼真骨骼动画.并采用iPhone平台上所使用的SIO2引擎对骨骼动画的数据进行调度和运算,把骨骼动画数据转化为SIO2引擎的物体格式,最后以60帧每秒的速率不断更新数据,从而在iPhone平台上实现了具有碰撞检测功能的骨骼动画.实验结果表明,该方法可以实现具有很强的真实感的动画效果,并继承了SIO2引擎的碰撞检测功能.实现和增强了iPhone平台上骨骼动画及其交互功能.     

数字皮影动画脚本的研究与应用

为简化数字皮影动画的制作流程,提高数字皮影作品的交互性,降低数字皮影实时表演的难度,对皮影常见角色及动作进行了抽象、分类,提出一种针对特定类型的通用的骨骼模型。基于反向动力学,设计了一套描述皮影骨骼动画的脚本。该脚本通过对骨骼位置与旋转属性的控制定义皮影角色的基本动作,并通过对基本动作的叠加实现复杂动作。脚本对动作的定义基于骨骼模型而非具体角色,具有通用性。最后通过实验证明了脚本的有效性。     

三维图形引擎中骨骼蒙皮动画的一种实现方法*

提出了三维图形引擎中骨骼蒙皮动画的一种实现方法,即将现有的关节动画与单一网格动画相结合,利用骨架的继承变换和顶点混合技术使骨骼蒙皮动画平滑逼真。实验表明该方法有良好的显示效果,并具有较好的实时性,且占用的存储空间不大,能够满足当前三维图形引擎对动画技术的要求。     

动态3维场景中多角色动画的交互式模拟研究

当前角色动画的合成大多是在预设的场景中,采用导入与角色骨骼模型匹配的运动捕获数据的方法,这就满足不了多种拓扑结构的骨骼模型和实时变化场景的需要。针对上述问题,提出重定向运动捕获数据到多个任意骨骼拓扑结构的算法,通过采用以实时3维动态寻径算法为基础的角色智能寻径模型,结合语音用户接口代替图形用户接口的方法,实现虚拟角色在动态3维场景中的真实感运动。实验结果表明,本方法可以合成流畅而逼真的,与环境实时交互的角色动画,提高了数据重用性,降低了动画合成成本,满足不同动态3维场景中动画合成的需要。     

基于可编程GPU的骨骼动画

骨骼动画与以前的动画方法相比,具有占用空间小等优点。但是其代价是计算量的增加,从而导致绘制效率的降低。另一方面,近年来可编程GPU技术在三维图形处理领域已得到广泛研究。因此,提出了一种基于GPU实现骨骼动画的方法。该方法借助GPU强大的计算能力,分担了骨骼动画中的顶点更新的计算任务,从而大大提升了骨骼动画的绘制效率。     

Interactive Construction and Animation of Layered Elastically Deformable Characters

An interactive system is described for creating and animating deformable 3D characters. By using a hybrid layered model of kinematic and physics-based components together with an immersive 3D direct manipulation interface, it is possible to quickly construct characters that deform naturally when animated and whose behavior can be controlled interactively using intuitive parameters. In this layered construction technique, called the elastic surface layer model, a simulated elastically deformable skin surface is wrapped around a kinematic articulated figure. Unlike previous layered models, the skin is free to slide along the underlying surface layers constrained by geometric constraints which push the surface out and spring forces which pull the surface in to the underlying layers. By tuning the parameters of the physics-based model, a variety of surface shapes and behaviors can be obtained such as more realistic-looking skin deformation at the joints, skin sliding over muscles, and dynamic effects such as squash-and-stretch and follow-through. Since the elastic model derives all of its input forces from the underlying articulated figure, the animator may specify all of the physical properties of the character once, during the initial character design process, after which a complete animation sequence can be created using a traditional skeleton animation technique. Character construction and animation are done using a 3D user interface based on two-handed manipulation registered with head-tracked stereo viewing. In our configuration, a six degree-of-freedom head-tracker and CrystalEyes shutter glasses are used to display stereo images on a workstation monitor that dynamically follow the user head motion. 3D virtual objects can be made to appear at a fixed location in physical space which the user may view from different angles by moving his head. To construct 3D animated characters, the user interacts with the simulated environment using both hands simultaneously: the left hand, controlling a Spaceball, is used for 3D navigation and object movement, while the right hand, holding a 3D mouse, is used to manipulate through a virtual tool metaphor the objects appearing in front of the screen. Hand-eye coordination is made possible by registering virtual space to physical space, allowing a variety of complex 3D tasks necessary for constructing 3D animated characters to be performed more easily and more rapidly than is possible using traditional interactive techniques.     

为AutoCAD中的三维模型制作动画

介绍了为AutoCAD中的三维模型制作动画的基本方法和技术，并通过实例说明利用VisualLISP/Auto lisp语言为AutoCAD中的三维模型制作动画的技巧。     

一种视频驱动的三维虚拟人动画实现方法

研究实现三维人体动画具有广泛的应用前景和实用意义,提出了一种二维视频驱动的三维人体动画实现方法。基于动态帧的关键帧提取算法从二维视频中构建了二维关键帧集合;基于二维关键帧构建二维人体骨骼模型;利用小孔成像原理和勾股定理计算得到关节特征点的深度坐标,从而得到了反映人体动画的三维数据。实验结果表明,该方法生成的三维人体动画形象逼真、成本低、提高了运动生成的实时性,能够应用于虚拟现实、计算机游戏、三维视频游戏制作等领域。     

利用Sandy引擎实现Flash三维动画

Sandy引擎是目前世界上最优秀的Flash三维引擎之一。利用Sandy引擎,开发人员可以轻松地创建出绚丽的Flash三维动画效果,并实现与用户的交互。该文在详细地介绍了Sandy引擎的基础上,通过具体的实例,深入浅出地介绍了利用Sandy引擎实现Flash三维动画的原理及相关的编程技巧。     

利用Sandy引擎实现Flash三维动画

Sandy引擎是目前世界上最优秀的Flash三维引擎之一。利用Sandy引擎,开发人员可以轻松地创建出绚丽的Flash三维动画效果,并实现与用户的交互。该文在详细地介绍了Sandy引擎的基础上,通过具体的实例,深入浅出地介绍了利用Sandy引擎实现Flash三维动画的原理及相关的编程技巧。     

Sketching 3D Animations

We are interested in providing animators with a general-purpose tool allowing them to create animations using straight-ahead actions as well as pose-to-pose techniques. Our approach seeks to bring the expressiveness of real-time motion capture systems into a general-purpose multi-track system running on a graphics workstation. We emphasize the use of high-bandwidth interaction with 3D objects together with specific data reduction techniques for the automatic construction of editable representations of interactively sketched continuous parameter evolution. In this paper, we concentrate on providing a solution to the problem of applying data reduction techniques in an animation context. The requirements that must be fulfilled by the data reduction algorithm are analyzed. From the Lyche and Mørken knot removal strategy, we derive an incremental algorithm that computes a B-spline approximation to the original curve by considering only a small piece of the total curve at any time. This algorithm allows the processing of the user's captured motion in parallel with its specification, and guarantees constant latency time and memory needs for input motions composed of any number of samples. After showing the results obtained by applying our incremental algorithm to 3D animation paths, we describe an integrated environment to visually construct 3D animations, where all interaction is done directly in three dimensions. By recording the effects of user's manipulations and taking into account the temporal aspect of the interaction, straight-ahead animations can be defined. Our algorithm is automatically applied to continuous parameter evolution in order to obtain editable representations. The paper concludes with a presentation offuture work.     

A Direct Manipulation Interface for 3D Computer Animation

We present a new set of interface techniques for visualizing and editing animation directly in a single three-dimensional scene. Motion is edited using direct-manipulation tools which satisfy high-level goals such as “reach this point at this time” or “go faster at this moment”. These tools can be applied over an arbitrary temporal range and maintain arbitrary degrees of spatial and temporal continuity. We separate spatial and temporal control of position by using two curves for each animated object: the motion path which describes the 3D spatial path along which an object travels, and the motion graph, a function describing the distance traveled along this curve over time. Our direct-manipulation tools are implemented using displacement functions, a straightforward and scalable technique for satisfying motion constraints by composition of the displacement function with the motion graph or motion path. This paper will focus on applying displacement functions to positional change. However, the techniques presented are applicable to the animation of orientation, color, or any other attribute that varies over time.     

浅析基于游戏引擎技术的三维动画制作

游戏引擎技术凭借其一系列功能优势,诸如实时渲染、实时修改等,应用于三维动画制作中,可显著缩减渲染周期,提升制作效率,并促进获得高质量的三维动画作品。本文通过阐述游戏引擎的内涵特征,分析游戏引擎的主要功能,对基于游戏引擎技术的三维动画制作展开探讨,旨在为如何促进三维动画制作顺利进行提供一些思路。     

基于OpenGVS的三维仿真软件的开发研究

视景仿真技术是在数值仿真的基础上以图形和动画来显示仿真的过程和结果，近年来视景仿真技术在军事领域上得到了广泛的应用。OpenGVS是专门用于实时3D图形开发的软件。该文在Multigen Creator 3D场景建模的基础上，采用OpenGVS来实现场景驱动，开发了一个导弹与飞机交战场景的仿真程序，并介绍了实现三维动画驱动时需要解决的几个关键问题，包括外部模型的导入，视点的选取，碰撞的检测，以及爆炸效果的产生等。这些技术的运用使得软件仿真的效果更加逼真。