基于Uniform LBP和DMMA的单样本人脸识别

在单样本人脸识别系统中,为了获得更好的人脸面部特征,提出了一种融合Uniform LBP特征和多流形判别分析（Discriminative Multi-Manifold Analysis,DMMA）的特征提取方法。对每幅人脸图像进行分块构成一个子集。使用统一局部二值模式（Uniform LBP）算子提取每个子集中图像的直方图,每个子集中的直方图形成一个统计流形,应用DMMA算法获得人脸图像的低维特征。采用基于重建的流形-流形间的距离识别未知的人脸图像。在AR数据库和ORL数据库上实验结果表明,该算法的识别性能优于一般的DMMA算法。     

基于HOG多特征融合与随机森林的人脸识别

针对人脸识别在复杂环境下识别率低的问题,提出了一种基于梯度直方图(HOG)多特征融合与随机森林的人脸识别方法.该方法通过HOG特征描述子对人脸进行特征提取.首先以网格作为采样窗在整个人脸图上进行整体HOG特征的提取,并将人脸图像分成均匀子块,在包含有人脸关键部分的子块中提取局部HOG特征.然后通过二维主成分分析(2DPCA)和线性判别分析(LDA)对整体和局部特征进行降维,并进行特征层融合形成最终分类特征,最后通过随机森林分类器对其进行分类.FERET人脸库、CAS-PEAL-R1人脸库、真实场景人脸库实验表明,该方法对光照具有鲁棒性,且有较高的识别率和较短的识别时间.     

HOG和多流形判别分析相融合的人脸识别

为了提高人脸的识别率,提出一种方向梯度直方图和多流形判别分析相融合的人脸识别算法。将一幅图像划分为多个子块图像块,并采用方向梯度直方图算法对每一个小块进行处理;采用多流形判别分析提取特征,并采用最小二乘支持向量机建立分类器对人脸进行分类和识别;在Yale和AR人脸库进行仿真实验。实验结果表明,相对于传统人脸别算法,该算法不仅提高了人脸识别率和识别速度,并且对光照和姿态变化具有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于流形的表情分解算法

提出了基于流形的表情分解算法。首先,运用保局投影将图像投影到低维的表情流形子空间,再在流形子空间里对它们进行高阶奇异值分解,最后在个人子空间和表情子空间里完成人脸和表情识别。该算法用流形学习解决了高阶奇异值分解中的图像特征值提取问题,用高阶奇异值分解解决了流形表情识别中个人模式影响表情识别的问题。是一种流形学习与高阶奇异值分解优势互补的算法。在CMU-AMP和JAFFE人脸库上的实验表明,该算法对人脸和表情识别都十分有效。     

基于P-ISOMAP特征脸谱的人脸识别

针对等距映射(Isometric Projection)算法计算量大且易受噪声影响的缺点,根据主成分分析(PCA)兼具降维和除噪的特性,提出一种基于ISOMAP算法的P-ISOMAP特征脸谱(PCA-ISOMAP)人脸识别技术。该算法首先通过主成分分析把人脸图映射到一个人脸图像子空间,然后在人脸图像子空间中进行等距映射降维。P-ISOMAP特征脸谱算法在保持人脸图像的全局几何特性和低维人脸流形的同时,提高了算法效率,能够有效抑制人脸图像中噪声。通过在人脸库中的实验表明,改进后的算法在识别率以及运行效率方面都优于等距映射算法。     

分块LBP的素描人脸识别

目的 素描人脸识别属于异质人脸识别范畴,是刑侦领域的研究热点.根据素描人脸识别的特点,采用分块局部二值模式(LBP)特征,并用AdaBoost算法提取能有效鉴别素描人脸图像和可见光人脸图像对应关系的特征块.方法 对素描图像和可见光图像配准后,进行分块处理,计算每块的LBP直方图,将LBP直方图作为AdaBoost待选择特征.计算素描图像子块与可见光图像子块之间的Log概率统计,利用AdaBoost算法进行特征提取,逐步挑选能有效识别的特征子块,并把这些优选特征子块用于未知素描人脸识别.结果 利用现有的素描人脸库,分别进行非交叉和交叉实验验证,识别率分别达到99％以及100％,证明了本文算法的有效性.结论 该算法经优化后,可用于素描人脸识别.     

基于DDCT与TCSVD的人脸特征提取与识别算法

提出一种基于分块离散余弦变换(DCT)与奇异值分解阈值压缩(TCSVD)的人脸特征提取与识别算法。该算法对人脸图像进行分块DCT变换,根据图像块位置和能量分布选择不同的DCT高低频分量构建特征矩阵,通过对每个图像块的特征矩阵进行SVD阈值压缩和特征组合来构建人脸鉴别特征,并利用分类器进行特征分类与识别。AR人脸库上的实验结果验证了该算法的有效性。     

LBP和HOG的分层特征融合的人脸识别

针对LBP描述子提取的纹理特征有限且不能有效地描述图像边缘和方向信息的问题,提出了LBP和HOG的分层特征融合的方法.首先利用LBP算子提取图像的分层纹理谱特征,然后利用HOG算子提取原始图像的边缘特征和基于分层LBP特征的分层HOG特征,最后将分层LBP特征分别与2种HOG边缘特征融合,得到2种不同的多层融合特征.通过在ORL,Yale和GT人脸库上进行实验,比较了15种算法的识别性能,结果证明了文中方法的有效性;相对于传统的经典降维算法、单一的LBP特征提取算法和HOG特征提取算法,该方法的识别率有很大的提高,分别达到99%,99.5%和99.14%.     

信息熵加权的HOG特征提取算法研究

针对人脸图像中不同部位所含的信息熵不同,对识别的影响程度不同等因素,提出了一种信息熵加权的HOG特征提取方法。该算法将待识别的人脸图像进行分块,对分块后的图像进行HOG特征提取,计算每块图像所含的信息熵作为权重系数加到各个分块中形成新的HOG特征,通过PCA算法对特征进行降维,得到信息熵加权的HOG特征。通过在ORL和YALE实验结果表明,该算法相较于其他传统识别方法具有更高的识别精度和准确度,并且对于人脸在光照、姿态表情等干扰因素下均具有良好的有效性和鲁棒性。     

基于2DPCA和流形学习LPP算法的人脸特征提取应用

人脸图像的特征提取是人脸识别系统中最关键同时也是难题之一。流形学习算法是近些年的人脸识别和语音识别两个领域应用较多的非线性降维方法。通过对人脸识别系统的研究,现提出一种全新的基于2DPCA(Two-Dimentional PCA)和流形学习LPP(Locality Preserving Projections)算法的特征提取方法,可为今后深入研究人脸识别技术提供较好的参考。仿真实验表明,该算法与传统特征提取PCA、LDA算法相比,可以取得更好的识别率。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate