基于分片线性函数逼近的非线性观测器设计

综合分片线性函数模型辨识/逼近和鲁棒观测器设计方法,研究了一大类非线性鲁棒观测器设计方法.所提出的算法能有效解决非线性系统的辨识/建模问题,并保证在一定的逼近精度下观测误差可以控制在一定的范围内,且观测误差随着逼近精度的提高而减小.

     

自适应比例–积分H2滑模观测器设计

传统的龙伯格观测器的观测精度极易受到未知外部扰动的影响.为了解决这个问题,本文设计了一种基于径向基神经网络的自适应比例–积分H₂滑模观测器,实现了参数不确定性和外部扰动下非线性系统的鲁棒确切估计.首先,利用径向基神经网络自适应逼近系统模型的复杂非线性项;其次,设计基于误差的线性滑模面,将比例–积分滑模项注入观测器中,使得滑模动态在有限时间内收敛于滑模面,实现对外部扰动和系统模型非线性的完全补偿;最后,基于H₂次优控制和区域极点配置,提出观测器参数自整定方法.通过对单连杆机器人的仿真结果表明,该方法能够保证非线性系统具有较好的鲁棒性和自适应性.     

非参数不确定性非线性系统的自适应观测器设计

本文考虑一类不确定非线性系统的自适应观测器设计问题.系统的不确定性不能参数化,这类非线性系统的观测器无法用传统方法设计.首先用神经网络对系统的不确定性进行逼近,然后利用神经网络的基函数向量对系统进行滤波变换,再由此构造自适应观测器.给出了观测误差估计.本文结果表明适当选定神经网络的逼近精度和调整观测器的设计参数可使观测误差任意地小.     

一类不确定非线性系统的鲁棒自适应轨迹线性化控制

针对一类不确定非线性系统,研究了一种新的鲁棒自适应轨迹线性化控制方案.利用径向基神经网络的在线逼近能力以及被控对象分析模型的有用信息设计一种径向基神经网络干扰观测器来估计系统中存在的不确定性.观测器输出用于设计补偿控制律抵消不确定性对系统性能的影响,鲁棒自适应控制律用于克服逼近误差.采用Lyapunov方法严格证明了在自适应调节律作用下闭环系统所有误差信号最终有界.最后利用倒立摆系统验证了新方法的有效性.     

基于干扰观测器的高超音速飞行器鲁棒反步控制

针对高超音速飞行器严格反馈不确定非线性MIMO系统,提出一种基于干扰观测器的鲁棒反步控制方法。该方法采用超扭曲算法设计干扰观测器以估计系统复合干扰,观测误差有限时间收敛。设计非线性反步控制律,引入鲁棒项使得系统满足干扰到性能输出的L2增益不超过设定的正实数,满足耗散不等式,使闭环系统跟踪误差一致最终有界稳定。仿真结果表明,所设计的控制律可以有效抑制系统复合干扰的影响,设计方法可行。     

离散非线性系统Worst—Case辨识——小波逼近法

利用小波逼近的软阈方法，研究了离散非线性系统的ＷｏｒｓｔＣａｓｅ辨识问题。证明了该算法在Ｗｏｒｓｔ－Ｃａｓｅ误差下的拟最优性和光滑性；估计了该算法的Ｗｏｒｓｔ－Ｃａｓｅ误差；给出了存在鲁棒收敛的辨识算法的充要条件；最后，证明了小波网逼近算法是鲁棒收敛的。     

观测误差协方差估计下的集合鲁棒滤波数据同化方法

在数据同化方法中,观测误差协方差矩阵是相关的,且与时间和状态有一定的依赖性。针对这种相关特性,将鲁棒滤波方法与观测误差协方差估计方法相结合,得到随状态时间变化的观测误差协方差,提出一种带有观测误差估计的鲁棒数据同化新方法,更新观测误差协方差,改善估计效果。从分析误差协方差,转移矩阵特征值放大等角度优化同化方法。利用非线性Lorenz-96混沌系统,对三种不同优化角度下带有观测误差估计的鲁棒滤波和原鲁棒滤波方法的鲁棒性和同化精度进行评估,并比较分析了两种方法在模型误差、观测数目和性能水平系数变化时的性能。结果表明：观测误差估计技术能够提高状态估计的精确性,带有观测误差估计的鲁棒滤波对系统参数变化具有较好的鲁棒性。     

离散非线性系统Worst-Case辨识--小波逼近法

利用小波逼近的软阈（Ｓｏｆｔ－Ｔｈｒｅｓｈｏｌｄｉｎｇ）方法，研究了离散非线性系统的Ｗｏｒｓｔ－Ｃａｓｅ辨识问题．证明了该算法在Ｗｏｒｓｔ－Ｃａｓｅ误差下的拟最优性和光滑性；估计了该算法的Ｗｏｒｓｔ－Ｃａｓｅ误差：给出了存在鲁棒收敛的辨识算法的充要条件；最后，证明了小波网逼近算法是鲁棒收敛的．     

一类非线性不确定组合系统基于观测器的鲁棒分散镇定

讨论一类组合系统的鲁棒观测器的设计及该类系统基于估计状态反馈分散镇定问题.所设计的变结构观测器使得观测误差渐近趋于零,基于估计状态所设计的鲁棒分散控制器确保闭环系统是渐近稳定的,系统的相似结构使得所设计的各个子系统的分散观测器以及控制器在结构上具有一致性,从而简化了系统的设计.     

一类基于神经网络非线性观测器的鲁棒故障检测

针对一类仿射非线性动态系统,提出了一种基 于神经网络非线性观测器的鲁棒故障检测与隔离的新方法．该方法采用神经网络逼近观测器 系统中的非线性项,提高了状态估计的精度,并从理论上证明了状态估计误差稳定且渐近收 敛到零;另一方面引入神经网络分类器进行故障的模式识别,通过在神经网络输入端加入噪 声项来进行训练,提高神经网络的泛化逼近能力,从而保证对被监测系统的建模误差和外部 扰动具有良好的鲁棒性．最后,利用本文方法针对某型歼击机结构故障进行仿真验证,仿真 结果表明本文方法是有效的．     

Adaptive observer backstepping control using neural networks

This paper extends the application of neurocontrol approaches to a new class of nonlinear systems diffeomorphic to output feedback nonlinear systems with unmeasured states. A neural-based adaptive observer is introduced for state estimation as well as system identification using only output measurements during online operation. System identification is achieved via the online approximation of a priori unknown functions. The controller is designed using the backstepping control design procedure. Leakage terms in the adaptive laws and nonlinear damping terms in the backstepping controller are introduced to prevent instability from arising due to the inherent approximation error. A primary benefit of the online function approximation is the reduction of approximation errors, which allows reduction of both the observer and controller gains. A semi-global stability analysis for the proposed approach is provided and the feasibility is investigated by an illustrative simulation example.     

含不匹配扰动非严格反馈系统的输出反馈补偿控制

针对一类非严格反馈非线性系统,系统中包含不确定函数和未知外部扰动,提出一种带不匹配扰动补偿的输出反馈模糊控制器.采用模糊逻辑系统逼近未知的非线性函数,同时构造模糊状态观测器观测系统未知状态.考虑观测器和控制器会受到外部扰动和模糊逼近误差构成的不匹配总扰动信号影响,采用改进的扰动观测器对不匹配扰动进行估计和补偿,使扰动观测误差能够在有限时间内平缓地收敛到任意小的范围,消除不匹配扰动信号对模糊观测器设计的影响.同时在控制器设计中进行扰动的精确补偿,提高系统的抗扰动性.通过Lyapunov函数证明了闭环系统所有信号都是有界的.最后,通过数值仿真进一步验证了所提出方法的有效性.     

Robust adaptive observer design for uncertain systems with bounded disturbances.

This paper presents a robust adaptive observer design methodology for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems in the presence of time-varying unknown parameters with absolutely integrable derivatives, and nonvanishing disturbances. Using the universal approximation property of radial basis function (RBF) neural networks and the adaptive bounding technique, the developed observer achieves asymptotic convergence of state estimation error to zero, while ensuring boundedness of parameter errors. A comparative simulation study is presented by the end.     

RCMAC Hybrid Control for MIMO Uncertain Nonlinear Systems Using Sliding-Mode Technology

A hybrid control system, integrating principal and compensation controllers, is developed for multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) uncertain nonlinear systems. This hybrid control system is based on sliding-mode technique and uses a recurrent cerebellar model articulation controller (RCMAC) as an uncertainty observer. The principal controller containing an RCMAC uncertainty observer is the main controller, and the compensation controller is a compensator for the approximation error of the system uncertainty. In addition, in order to relax the requirement of approximation error bound, an estimation law is derived to estimate the error bound. The Taylor linearization technique is employed to increase the learning ability of RCMAC and the adaptive laws of the control system are derived based on Lyapunov stability theorem and Barbalat's lemma so that the asymptotical stability of the system can be guaranteed. Finally, the proposed design method is applied to control a biped robot. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme for the MIMO uncertain nonlinear system     

An efficient method for observer design with approximately linear error dynamics

Exact error linearization is a well-known full-order observer design method which yields linear time-invariant, stable error dynamics in normal form coordinates. The difficult procedure associated with exact error linearization has led to the simpler extended Luenberger observer design. However, extended Luenberger observers can only guarantee a first-order approximation to the exact error linearization design. This paper provides an explicit formula involving only derivative (Lie derivative and bracket) and matrix inversion operations for computing an Nth-order approximation of the exact error linearization observer. Hence, the proposed method is a computational simple tool for designing observers for systems admitting exact error linearization observers. Two examples demonstrate the application of the method.     

基于动态神经网络的非线性组合系统自适应观测器

基于动态神经网络，对一类非线性组合系统提出一种观测器设计方法．在观测器设计中，充分考虑了神经网络逼近误差项对观测器性能的影响，增加了鲁棒控制项，并设计了相应的参数自适应律，以保证良好的观测性能．神经网络的连接权值在线调整，无需离线学习．仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性．     

Adaptive dynamic surface control using disturbance observer for nonlinear systems with input saturation and output constraints

An adaptive dynamic surface control (DSC) approach using fuzzy approximation and nonlinear disturbance observer (NDO) for uncertain nonlinear systems in the presence of input saturation, output constraint and unknown external disturbances is proposed in this paper. The issue of input saturation is addressed by introducing a lower bound assumption on the approximation function of saturation. The output constraint is handled by introducing an appropriate barried Lyapunov function. The nonlinear disturbance observer (NDO) is employed to estimate the unknown unmatched disturbances. It is manifested that the ultimately bounded convergence of all the variables in the closed-loop system is guaranteed and the tracking error can be made farely small by tuning the design parameters. Finally, two simulation examples illustrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed approach.     

一类非线性系统的自适应观测器

研究一类非线性系统的观测器设计方法, 这类非线性系统满足 Lipschitz 条件且含有未知参数. 提出了全状态自适应观测器设计的新方法. 构造的观测器能保证状态估计误差及参数估计误差渐近收敛于零. 文中给出数值例验证了观测器的有效性.     

Sampled-data Observer Design for a Class of Stochastic Nonlinear Systems Based on the Approximate Discrete-time Models

In this paper, we studied the approximate sampleddata observer design for a class of stochastic nonlinear systems. Euler-Maruyama approximation was investigated in this paper because it is the basis of other higher precision numerical methods, and it preserves important structures of the nonlinear systems. Also, the form of Euler-Maruyama model is simple and easy to be calculated. The results provide a reference for sampled-data observer design method for such stochastic nonlinear systems, and may be useful to many practical control applications, such as tracking control in mechanical systems. And the effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated by a simulation example.      

一类非线性系统的自适应观测器

This paper investigates the means to design the ob- server for a class of nonlinear systems with Lipschitz conditions and unknown parameters.A new design approach of full-order state adaptive observer is proposed.The constructed observer could guarantee the error of state and the error of parameter estimation to asymptotically converge to zero.Furthermore,a numerical example is provided to verify the effectiveness of the observer.