Controllability and observability for time‐varying switched impulsive controlled systems

This paper is concerned with the controllability and observability for linear time‐varying switched impulsive systems. First, some new results about the variation of parameters for time‐varying switched impulsive systems are derived. Then less conservative sufficient conditions and necessary conditions for state controllability and observability of such systems are established. And for such system without impulsive control input, sufficient and necessary conditions for controllability and observability are derived. Furthermore, corresponding criteria applied to time‐varying impulsive systems are also discussed and examples are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed results. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Sufficient conditions for impulse uncontrollability and impulseunobservability of singular systems

Simple sufficient conditions for impulse uncontrollability and impulse unobservability of completely singular systems are established. It is well know that a singular linear system can be decomposed into a regular subsystem and a completely singular subsystem. From previously published results, it follows that a singular system is impulse uncontrollable (unobservable) if its singular subsystem is impulse uncontrollable (unobservable). It is shown that in a particular case the results can be also applied to the controllability and observability of regular linear systems     

General response formula and minimum energy control for the generalsingular model of 2-D systems

The general response formula for the general singular model of 2-D linear systems is derived. The concepts of local reachability and local controllability are extended to the singular model. Necessary and sufficient conditions for local reachability and local controllability are established. The minimum energy control problem for the singular model is formulated and solved     

线性系统能控性、能观测性的数值判断

本文讨论数字计算机判断线性、时不变系统能控性,能观测性的问题。引入了矩阵数值秩的概念以及通过奇异值判断矩阵数值秩的方法。在此基础上给出了线性系统能控性、能观测性数值判断的概念和方法。以Schuler平台的初始对准问题为例说明了这一方法。利用奇异值扰动的性质,进行了系统能控性,能观测性的鲁棒性分析。     

Local controllability, reachability, and reconstructability of thegeneral singular model of 2D systems

Necessary and sufficient conditions for the local controllability, reachability, and reconstructability of the general singular model of 2D linear systems are established     

非线性奇异系统的能控性子分布

研究非线性奇异控制系统的能控性子分布问题.提出了非线性奇异系统的能控性子分 布的概念;研究了非线性奇异系统能控性子分布的反馈不变性质;给出了非线性奇异系统能控 性子分布的算法,并讨论这个算法的一些性质;证明了在一定条件下,该算法给出的分布确为包 含在某给定分布中的非线性奇异系统的最大能控性子分布.     

线性时变广义系统的能控性与能观性问题

讨论了线性时变系统和线性时变广义系统的两个基本问题, 得到了两种判定时变系统能控性与能观性的必要条件, 该判定条件只依赖于系统矩阵A(t)和输入矩阵B(t), 不必计算系统的系统状态转移矩阵, 使得判别时变系统能控性与能观性易于实现. 说明了本文结论是线性定常系统相应结论的自然扩展. 对进一步深入研究时变系统和时变广义系统具有实际启发作用.     

On Near‐controllability of Discrete‐time Upper‐triangular Bilinear Systems with Applications to Controllability

Near‐controllability is defined for those systems that are uncontrollable but have a large controllable region. It is a property of nonlinear control systems introduced recently, and it has been demonstrated on two classes of discrete‐time bilinear systems. This paper studies near‐controllability of discrete‐time upper‐triangular bilinear systems, which are uncontrollable and are more general than the two classes mentioned. A necessary and sufficient condition for the systems in dimension two to be nearly controllable is presented, which covers the existing results. For the systems with high dimensions, necessary conditions and sufficient conditions of near‐controllability are provided, which generalize the existing results. In particular, the obtained near‐controllability results are applied to controllability of discrete‐time bilinear systems. An example also is given to demonstrate the effectiveness, which shows that the controllability problems of discrete‐time bilinear systems can be solved by near‐controllability.     

Observability conditions of switched linear singular systems

The observability problem of switched linear singular(SLS) systems is studied in this paper. Based on the observability definition, the unobservable subspaces of given switching laws are investigated under the condition that all subsystems are regular. A necessary condition and a sufficient condition for observability of SLS systems are given. It is shown that the observability and controllability are dual for some special SLS systems with circulatory switching laws. The method developed here is applicable to the observability analysis of normal switched linear systems.     

Observability conditions of switched linear singular systems

The observability problem of switched linear singular(SLS) systems is studied in this paper. Based on the observability definition, the unobservable subspaces of given switching laws are investigated under the condition that all subsystems are regular. A necessary condition and a sufficient condition for observability of SLS systems are given. It is shown that the observability and controllability are dual for some special SLS systems with circulatory switching laws. The method developed here is applicable to the observability analysis of normal switched linear systems.     

Popov–Belevitch–Hautus type controllability tests for linear complementarity systems

It is well-known that checking certain controllability properties of very simple piecewise linear systems are undecidable problems. This paper deals with the controllability problem of a class of piecewise linear systems, known as linear complementarity systems. By exploiting the underlying structure and employing the results on the controllability of the so-called conewise linear systems, we present a set of inequality-type conditions as necessary and sufficient conditions for controllability of linear complementarity systems. The presented conditions are of Popov–Belevitch–Hautus type in nature.     

Controllability of heterogeneous multiagent systems

The existing results on controllability of multiagent systems (MASs) are mostly based on homogeneous nodes. This paper focuses on controllability of heterogeneous MASs, where the agents are modeled as two types. One type is that the agents have the same high‐order dynamics, and the interconnection topologies of the information flow in different orders are supposed to be different; the other type is that the agents have generic linear dynamics, and the dynamics are supposed to be heterogeneous. For the first type, the necessary and sufficient condition for controllability of heterogeneous‐topology system is derived via combination of Laplacian matrices. For the second type, the contribution also has two parts. The first part supposes that the agents have the same dimensional states and proves that controllability of this kind of MASs is equivalent to the controllability of each node and the whole interconnection topology, while the last parameter of the state feedback vector must not be 0. The second part supposes that the agents may have different dimensional states. For this kind of systems, the concept of β‐controllability is proposed. The necessary and sufficient condition for β‐controllability of heterogeneous‐dynamic systems is also derived and it is also proved that the feedback gain vectors have the effect to improve controllability. Different illustrative examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results in this paper.     

Containment analysis and design for high‐order linear time‐invariant singular swarm systems with time delays

Containment analysis and design problems for high‐order linear time‐invariant singular swarm systems on directed graphs with time delays are investigated. To eliminate impulse terms in singular swarm systems and ensure that the singular swarm systems can achieve containment, time‐delayed protocols are presented for leaders and followers, respectively. By model transformation, containment problems of singular swarm systems are converted into stability problems of multiple low‐dimensional time‐delayed systems. In terms of linear matrix inequality, sufficient conditions are presented for time‐delayed singular swarm systems to achieve containment, which are independent of the number of agents. By using the method of changing variables, an approach is provided to determine the gain matrices in the protocols. Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate theoretical results. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

奇异摄动分散系统的反馈控制

本文讨论了线性时不变奇异摄动分散控制系统的反馈控制问题。提出了该系统的近似固定模、摄动固定模及固定模的概念,并给出了相应的充要条件。利用上述概念,得到了该系统在分散反馈下单通道可控、可观的充分条件。     

A Lyapunov approach to analysis of discrete singular systems

In this paper, a new type generalized Lyapunov equation for discrete singular systems is proposed. Then it is applied to study problems such as pole clustering, controllability and observability for discrete singular systems. First, some necessary and sufficient conditions for pole clustering are derived via the solution of this new type Lyapunov equation. Further, the relationship between the solution of the Lyapunov equation and structure properties of discrete singular systems will be investigated based on these results. Finally, a type of generalized Riccati equation is proposed and its solution is used to design state feedback law for discrete singular systems such that all the finite poles of the closed-loop systems are clustered into a specified disk.     

An algebraic approach towards the controllability of controlled switching linear hybrid systems

Based on the hybrid controllability concept (IEEE Automat. Control 43(4) (1998) 491), the controllability problem for a class of hybrid control systems referred to as controlled switching linear hybrid systems is discussed. One sufficient condition and one necessary condition are derived by employing algebraic manipulations of related system matrices. The computational test of these conditions and some examples are also discussed.     

Exact controllability for singular distributed parameter system in Hilbert space

Exact controllability of singular distributed parameter control system is discussed via functional analysis and the theory of generalized operator semi-group in Hilbert space. Necessary and sufficient conditions concerning the exact controllability are given. Relations between exact controllability and stability of singular distributed parameter system are specified.     

Controllability and observability of linear time varying singularsystems

Controllability and observability of analytically solvable linear time varying singular systems are considered. Our analysis includes the possible impulsive zero-input response. Based on the definitions of controllability and observability naturally extended from the ones adopted in the time-invariant setting, sufficient and necessary conditions for these two properties are derived. Furthermore, according to the specific definitions of these concepts used here, the authors show that the dual relationship between controllability and observability does not hold     

控制器能量受限下一类无线维线性系统能控性的研究

本文讨论控制器能量受限下一类无限维线性系统的精确零能控性问题,得到了这类能控性的充分必要条件。最后把这个结果应用于受控抛物型系统。     

Uniform ensemble controllability for one-parameter families of time-invariant linear systems

In this paper we derive necessary as well as sufficient conditions for approximate controllability of parameter-dependent linear systems in the supremum norm. Using tools from complex approximation theory, we prove the existence of parameter-independent open-loop controls that steer the zero initial state of an ensemble of linear systems uniformly to a prescribed family of terminal states. New necessary conditions for uniform ensemble controllability of single-input systems are derived. Our results extend earlier ones of Li for ensemble controllability of linear systems.