一种卫星导航终端多频圆极化微带天线的设计

设计了一种覆盖北斗一代发射L频段、接收S频段、北斗二代B1频段和GPS的L1频段多频圆极化微带天线。天线采用叠层结构来实现多频段的覆盖,各频段采用单点馈电的方式,利用辐射贴片切角实现天线的圆极化特性。天线进行了仿真设计、实物制作、指标测试和功能测试,结果表明,该天线工作带宽、圆极化特性和增益均满足卫星导航终端天线的指标要求,能够应用于北斗/GPS卫星导航终端。     

一种全向圆极化天线设计

提出了一种基于四臂螺旋结构的新型全向圆极化天线设计方法。通过调整螺旋结构的螺距和直径实现天线的全向圆极化辐射,应用具有移相功能的微带功分器实现螺旋线馈电。对天线的各设计参数进行了分析和优化设计,加工了天线样机,实测结果与计算结果基本一致,在2.05GHz～2.2GHz频率范围内具有良好的全向圆极化辐射特性。     

生成轨道角动量的圆极化螺母型贴片天线

轨道角动量(OAM)涡旋电磁波大多通过复杂的系统生成,为简易地获取OAM电磁波,设计一种圆极化螺母型贴片天线。通过控制2个馈电点的相对位置,生成特定模式的OAM圆极化涡旋电磁波。理论推导和模拟仿真结果证明了该螺母型贴片天线的有效性。与传统形状的贴片天线相比,该天线结构小巧紧凑,改善了空间辐射相位分布与谐振特性。     

一种紧凑型宽频带圆极化射频识别天线设计

针对现有圆极化天线难以同时满足宽频带和小型化应用需求的问题,面向全球超高频射频识别(RFID)读写应用,采用新型功分移相馈电网络、旋转短路辐射贴片和耦合贴片、馈电探针和短路探针,设计了一种紧凑型宽频带圆极化射频识别天线。测试结果表明,该天线回波损耗大于15dB的相对带宽为59%,轴比小于3dB的相对带宽为34%,在全球超高频RFID频段范围内,天线辐射增益大于2.7dBi,辐射方向十分对称和稳定,其半功率波束宽度大于101°,适用于宽角度范围读写;与现有圆极化天线的性能指标和结构相比,该天线的工作频段不仅能够覆盖全球超高频RFID频段,而且结构紧凑,有利于RFID系统的低成本设计和实施。     

宽带圆极化阵列天线设计

提出了一种应用于S波段小型宽带圆极化微带贴片天线阵列。单点背馈式方形贴片印刷于Duroid5880介质板上,在贴片上加载两个相邻矩形缝隙,一方面实现圆极化辐射,另一方面拓展天线单元的阻抗带宽。利用该单元组阵,通过采用连续相位旋转法馈电天线单元拓展天线阵列的轴比带宽,仿真结果表明,线阵和面阵的阻抗和轴比带宽均达到10%以上。     

一种频率可重构圆极化微带天线的设计

提出了一种新型频率可重构圆极化微带贴片天线的设计。采用一种方环形贴片结构,在贴片对称缝隙中添加4个RF MEMS开关,通过调节开关的通断来实现对天线频率的可重构。同时天线采用4馈点馈电来实现右旋圆极化波,并利用仿真软件HFSS 13.0对天线特性进行了仿真验证。仿真结果表明,在开关断开时,天线可接收GPS L1、GLONASS L1和BDS B1信号,在开关闭合时,天线可接收BDS B3信号,且天线的回波损耗和轴比都能满足要求。     

北斗一代卫星导航终端高隔离度微带天线

设计了一款应用于北斗一代卫星导航终端的收发双端口高隔离度圆极化微带天线。天线采用单层嵌套结构并在贴片上切角实现双频双圆极化辐射,通过在收发两端口间加载探针短路墙提高天线两端口间隔离度。仿真与测试结果表明,该天线两端口分别工作于北斗导航系统的发射频段BD1-L(中心工作频率1 616 MHz)和接收频段BD1-S(中心工作频率2 492 MHz),收发两端口间隔离度|S_(12)|在BD1-S接收频段大于35 d B。     

北斗宽波束“U”型槽双频微带天线的设计

基于北斗导航系统的实际通信需求,要求接收天线具有多频带、宽波束、小型化等特点,为此选定设计一款矩形贴片微带天线。结合微带天线的双频圆极化理论,采用同轴线的馈电方法,设计了一款在贴片上开“U”型槽的双频微带天线,使微带天线可以同时工作在北斗B2频段（1210±10MHz）和B3频段（1268±10MHz）,实现了微带天线的双频化,而且减小了天线尺寸。通过HFSS对该天线进行了仿真和参数优化,结果表明,天线回波损耗S11小于-20dB;天线增益大于3dB;双频内的轴比小于6dB;具有较宽的波束,较好的圆极化性能,较小的尺寸,可达到设计要求;而且,电路的设计方法简单,制作工艺简单,可为实际的应用提供参考。     

一种小型WLAN双频天线的设计

为了适应无线局域网(WLAN)通信技术的要求,需要设计一种能够同时在高、低两个频段工作的小型天线,并且在工作频段内具有全向辐射性能.针对上述问题,设计了一副小型化WLAN双频天线.天线的辐射结构是由两个矩形贴片和一个倒锥形贴片组合形成,通过在天线辐射贴片中间加载一个圆环缝隙,从而实现了双频效果.和常规的双频微带贴片天线相比,天线的尺寸可以大大减小.仿真和实测结果表明,改进的天线单元达到了设计要求,验证了设计方法的有效性和可行性,具有十分良好的应用潜质.     

一种应用于GPS和WLAN的高增益双频天线的设计

提出了一种适用于GPS(1.575 GHz)和WLAN(2.45 GHz)工作的双频天线设计。该天线采用相互嵌套的内外方形贴片结构,其中内、外贴片分别对应高端谐振频率点、低端谐振频率点。在内贴片上开尺寸较大的矩形槽,降低高端谐振频率,从而实现了1.55倍的频率比。外贴片采用切角的方法实现右旋圆极化(RHCP),在内贴片对角位置切去两个大小不同的三角形微扰元,用以补偿开槽给内贴片上电流路径带来的不对称性,实现了高端谐振频率点处的阻抗匹配。该天线具有增益高、小型化、易于制造等优点。     

Ultra‐high‐frequency radio frequency identification tag antenna applied for human body and water surfaces

A novel ultra‐high‐frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) tag antenna has been proposed in this article, which can be mounted on the surfaces of the human body and water. The proposed antenna is realized by an elliptical structure, whose long and short axes are 72 and 30 mm, respectively. The tag antenna consists of an elliptical loop radiation element, microstrip feed lines, arc matching networks, and tuning patches. We have analyzed the antenna radiation characteristics influenced by the structural parameters of the antenna and the thicknesses of the human body and water. The simulation and measurement results show that the proposed antenna can operate steadily on the surfaces of the human body and water with good conjugate impedance matching. The maximum measured reading range of the tag antenna on the surfaces of the human body and water can reach 5 and 7 m, respectively. The novelties exhibited in the proposed antenna include an elliptical structure, the stable performance on the surfaces of the human body and water, small size, and long reading range.     

A dual circular‐slot microstrip antenna for GPS application

A novel single probe‐fed circularly polarized (CP) microstrip antenna design for global positioning system application is proposed. To achieve good CP radiation at 1575 MHz, two circular slots of dissimilar sizes are embedded separately into the radiating element and the ground plane. This CP design possesses the advantages such as simple in structure, uncomplicated fine‐tuning technique, and ease in manufacturing tolerances. Parametric studies via simulation are carried out to comprehend the vital parameters that will affect the impedance matching and frequency of the CP radiation. Prototypes of the proposed antenna have been constructed and experimentally studied. The measured results show a 10‐dB bandwidth and 3‐dB axial ratio bandwidth of 2.28 and 0.89%, respectively. Furthermore, stable gain variation at around 3.6 dBic is also observed. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2012.     

Bandwidth-reconfigurable filtering microstrip patch antenna using contactless varactor-loading scheme

A bandwidth (BW)-reconfigurable filtering microstrip patch (MP) antenna is investigated in this paper. Two pairs of slots with different lengths are etched on the patch to not only bring two radiation nulls for good filtering performance but also generate additional high resonant mode for extending the operating BW of the antenna. A contactless varactor-loaded microstrip line embedded in the middle layer of the two stacked substrates of the MP antenna is constructed as a tuning structure so that the MP mode and the lower radiation null can be adjusted simultaneously. As a result, the fractional BW (FBW) of the filtering antenna can be reconfigured with a BW agility of 55.3% while the high selectivity is maintained. For demonstration, a prototype is implemented and tested. The simulated and measured results with good agreement are presented.     

A frequency reconfigurable MIMO antenna with agile feedline for cognitive radio applications

A novel frequency agile multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) patch antenna based on a reconfigurable feedline is proposed. The proposed antenna structure has two hexagonal‐shaped patch antenna elements. A defected ground structure having hexagonal shape is included in the ground plane to make the design compact and improve isolation among antenna elements. Further compactness is achieved using reactive loading. Frequency reconfigurability is realized by employing varactor diodes in the microstrip feedline. The proposed antenna achieves a frequency reconfigurable band with wide tuning range from 1.42 to 2.27 GHz with good gain and efficiency. Furthermore, an envelope correlation coefficient value of less than 0.2 and minimum isolation of 12 dB was achieved, displaying good MIMO performance. The presented antenna has a planar, low profile design with compact size of 100 × 50 mm². Thus, frequency agility, wide range tuning, compactness, and planar structure of the proposed antenna design make it suitable for modern wireless handheld devices particularly in cognitive radio applications.     

Broadband gap‐coupled half‐hexagonal microstrip antenna fed by microstrip‐line resonator

Half‐hexagonal microstrip antenna (H‐HMSA) is a compact version of HMSA, as it resonates at the same fundamental mode frequency. In this article, a compact configuration of a single layer, broadband gap‐coupled H‐HMSA has been proposed. Gap‐coupled H‐HMSA is fed indirectly by a λ/2 microstrip‐line resonator. Broad bandwidth (BW) is achieved with an effective use of resonance introduced by λ/2 resonator and gap‐coupled half‐hexagonal radiating patches. A peak gain of 7.07 dBi and measured BW (S₁₁ ≤ ?10 dB) of 11.5% at the center frequency of 5.2 GHz have been achieved, which occupies a small volume of 0.023 λ₀³ including the ground plane. The radiation patterns remain in the broadside direction throughout the return loss BW. Simulated results of the proposed antenna configuration are experimentally validated with good agreement.     

Compact ultra‐wideband slot antenna with three notched‐band characteristics

A very compact ultra‐wideband (UWB) slot antenna with three L‐shaped slots for notched‐band characteristics is presented in this article. The antenna is designed and fabricated using a new stepped slot with different size, integrated in the ground plane, and excited by a 50 Ω microstrip transmission line. The stepped slot is used to minimize the dimensions of the antenna and to achieve an impedance bandwidth between 2.65 and 11.05 GHz with voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) less than 2. The length of the stepped slot is equal to a quarter wavelength to create a resonance in the desired frequency. Three L‐shaped slots with various sizes are etched in the ground plane to reject three frequency bands in C‐band (3.7‐4.2 GHz), WLAN (5.15‐5.825 GHz), and X‐band (7.25‐7.75 GHz), respectively. The notched‐band frequency can be controlled by changing the length of the L‐shaped slot. The proposed antenna has a very small size (20.25 × 8 × 1.27 mm³) compared with previous works. The measured and simulated results show a good agreement in terms of radiation pattern and impedance matching.     

Novel broadband bow‐tie antenna with high‐gain performance using electromagnetic coupling feed

A novel broadband bow‐tie antenna with high‐gain performance throughout the operating band is proposed and investigated in this article. This folded sectorial bow‐tie antenna is fed by a Г‐shaped strip balun, and the electromagnetic coupling feed mechanism is easy to optimize the impedance matching. The study of proposed antenna performance with different geometric parameters has been conducted. The final design is fabricated and measured, and the results exhibit a good impedance bandwidth of approximately 93.3% for VSWR≤2 ranging from 1.35 to 3.71 GHz, stable gain of 8.43‐10.02 dBi, and unidirectional radiation patterns over the whole operating band. Broadband coverage, stable high‐gain performance, and the simple structure make this antenna an excellent candidate for wireless communication systems.     

High gain microstrip antenna design for broadband wireless applications

This article presents a new broadband microstrip antenna for personal communications systems (PCS) applications. Using multilayer substrate structure with aperture‐coupled feed, a rectangular microstrip patch antenna operating at 1.9‐GHz band is designed and experimentally validated. This antenna configuration uses a quarter‐wave transformer to enhance the matching between the feed transmission line and the antenna patch. To demonstrate the design procedure, a first experimental broadband microstrip antenna prototype is designed and implemented. To analyse its performance, measurements are carried out and good performances are achieved. However, this prototype has a low front‐to‐back ratio. To overcome this drawback, an optimization process is proposed, and a second prototype is designed and successfully realized. To examine the effect of the optimization, experimental investigations are carried out on the second prototype. Very good agreement is obtained between numerical and measured results. Experimental results indicate that the proposed antenna achieves a bandwidth of 21%, a gain of 9.5 dB, and a front‐to‐back ratio of 20 dB, which are very sufficient for broadband wireless applications. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 13, 511–517, 2003.     

Effect of h‐BN nanoceramic substrate on the performance of microstrip patch antenna in S‐band applications

The modern portable communication devices demand compact antenna with superior performance and reduced size and weight. The design and development of such antennas for broadband applications is a challenge for the researchers. In this paper, a microstrip patch antenna with h BN nanoceramic‐based substrate for S‐band application has been proposed and analyzed its performance experimentally. The proposed antenna has been fabricated using powder metallurgy and etching process. The performance of the fabricated antenna has been analyzed in terms of its characteristics such as return loss, gain, and radiation efficiency. Return loss of the proposed antenna is obtained as ?43 dB at resonance frequency. Proposed antenna using h‐BN nanoceramic substrate achieves peak gain of 8 dB and acceptable radiation efficiency in S‐band.     

A novel wideband circularly polarized modified square‐slot antenna with loaded strips

In this article, a novel inverted L‐shaped microstrip‐fed wideband circularly polarized (CP) modified square‐slot antenna is designed. By cutting a pair of triangle chamfers and introducing a pair of triangle patches at the square‐slot, the antenna achieves a wideband CP radiation. Moreover, CP performance of the antenna can also be remarkably enhanced by protruding an L‐shaped strip and embedding a tuning rectangle slot into the slot ground. The measured results demonstrate that the axial‐ratio bandwidth for AR < 3 is 75.1% (from 4.45 to 9.8 GHz) and the impedance bandwidth (|S₁₁| < ?10 dB) reaches 65.8% (from 4.95 to 9.8 GHz). In addition, surface current studies are performed to illustrate the operating mechanism of CP operation, and the antenna has bidirectional radiation characteristics with an average gain of ~4 dBic within the CP band.