基于灰色聚类的大规模群体语言评价信息集结研究

研究群体规模较大的情况下基于语言评价信息的决策方法,提出了基于灰色关联聚类的方法以降低大规模群体的协调困难;根据决策者所属群体类别差异,基于语言信息转化函数提出了类内评价指标权重确定方法,并测算了各群体类别的综合偏好;研究群体类间权重确定模型,建立了基于群体类别意见偏差最小的群体偏好集结模型;进而提出了决策者判断一致度定义以及决策者偏差协调方法.算例分析表明了该方法的应用步骤及可行性.     

基于多指标灰区间数关联决策模型的产品方案设计

针对复杂产品方案设计中属性信息的不完全性和不确定性,研究了方案设计中多指标灰区间数关联决策计算方法.提出一种基于灰色系统理论的多指标灰区间数关联决策模型.该模型通过引入灰区间敷序列的范数实现多指标决策矩阵的规范化处理,构建了综合考虑灰色信息的正负理想区间方案,利用方案的优属度从整体性的角度获得最优决策方案.最后,通过大型水轮机的方案设计,验证了该模型的有效性和实用性.     

灰色关联投影下的模糊多属性群决策方法

针对属性评价信息为区间直觉梯形模糊数的多属性群决策问题,给出一种基于灰色关联投影的群决策方法。在规范化处理各决策矩阵的基础上,定义负极端决策矩阵及平均决策矩阵,根据各决策矩阵与这两类矩阵的距离大小确定决策者权重,由区间直觉梯形模糊数加权算术平均算子及决策者权重得到群体决策矩阵。由各方案与正、负理想方案的相对贴近度最小化确定各属性权重,以正理想方案为参考,计算各方案与参考序列关于每个属性的灰色关联系数,并计算各方案到正理想方案的灰色关联投影值,根据各方案投影值大小实现对方案的排序择优。将所给群决策方法应用到生鲜冷库空调系统选择决策问题中,算例分析的过程体现了该群决策方法有效性与可行性。     

An integrated fuzzy multi criteria group decision making approach for ERP system selection

This paper aims to ease group decision-making by using an integration of fuzzy AHP (analytic hierarchy process) and fuzzy TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) and its application to software selection of an electronic firm. Firstly, priority values of criteria in software selection problem have been determined by using fuzzy extension of AHP method. Fuzzy extension of AHP is suggested in this paper because of little computation time and much simpler than other fuzzy AHP procedures. Then, the result of the fuzzy TOPSIS model can be employed to define the most appropriate alternative with regard to this firm's goals in uncertain environment. Fuzzy numbers are presented in all phases in order to overcome any vagueness in decision making process. The final decision depends on the degree of importance of each decision maker so that wrong degree of importance causes the mistaken result. The researchers generally determine the degrees of importance of each decision maker according to special characteristics of each decision maker as subjectivity. In order to overcome this subjectivity in this paper, the judgments of decision makers are degraded to unique decision by using an attribute based aggregation technique. There is no study about software selection using integrated fuzzy AHP-fuzzy TOPSIS approach with group decision-making based on an attribute based aggregation technique. The results of the proposed approach and the other approaches are compared. Results indicate that our methodology allows decreasing the uncertainty and the information loss in group decision making and thus, ensures a robust solution to the firm.     

Financial distress early warning based on group decision making

Financial distress early warning is important for business bankruptcy prevention, and various quantitative prediction methods based on financial ratios have been proposed. However, little attention has been paid to the important role of experts’ experiential knowledge and non-financial information. From this point of view, the article puts forward a group decision-making approach based on experts’ knowledge and all kinds of financial or non-financial information to diagnose business financial distress. Based on the risk factors of enterprise financial distress, a qualitative attribute set and its scoring criteria are designed. A method integrating linguistic label and interval value is adopted for decision makers to express their preference on attributes, and a multi-expert negotiation mechanism is designed for weighting attributes. Diagnosis on business financial distress is made through the grey evaluation method, which also tries to find out the potential risks that may cause financial distress. Case study of a real world company is carried out to validate the proposed financial distress early warning method based on group decision making.     

考虑个体累积共识贡献的犹豫模糊语言自适应共识模型

针对犹豫模糊语言信息下的多属性群决策问题,提出一种基于个体累积共识贡献的自适应共识决策模型.首先,利用犹豫模糊语言得分函数,基于经典的信息熵和相对熵理论,综合考虑同一属性下不同方案间的信息差异,以及各方案分别与正理想方案和负理想方案的信息差异,构建确定属性权重的优化模型;然后,提出个体累积共识贡献测度和全局共识测度,利用全局共识度进行共识控制,依据个体累积共识贡献度对专家权重进行自适应修正,构建一种新的犹豫模糊语言自适应共识过程.该过程的特点是对拥有较少合作的非全共识专家执行专家权重惩罚,而且专家权重的更新引起属性权重的自适应更新,反过来又影响个体共识贡献的累积.最后通过一个应急医疗设施选址的共识决策例子表明方法的可行性和有效性.     

Entropy-based weights on decision makers in group decision-making setting with hybrid preference representations

The weights of decision makers play an important role in group decision-making problems. Entropy is a very important measure in information science. This work models an approach to determine the weights of decision makers by using an entropy measure. A new normalized projection as a separation measure, along with TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) technique, is used for current decision model. The attribute values in current model are characterized by exact values and intervals. A comparison and experimental analysis show the applicability, feasibility, effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method.     

A method based on interval-valued fuzzy soft set for multi-attribute group decision-making problems under uncertain environment

In this paper, we develop a new method for multiple attributes group decision-making problems under uncertain environment, in which the information about attribute weights is incompletely known or completely unknown, and each maker’s decision information is expressed by an interval-valued fuzzy soft set. Moreover, this paper takes account of the decision makers’ attitude toward risk. In order to get the weight vector of the attributes, we construct the score matrix of the final fuzzy soft set. From the score matrix and the given attribute weights information, we establish an optimization model to determine the weights of attributes. For the special situations where the information about attribute weights is completely unknown, we establish another optimization model. By solving this model, we get a simple and exact formula, which can be used to determine the attribute weights. According to these models, a method based on interval-valued fuzzy soft set, which considers the decision makers’ risk attitude under uncertain environment, is given to rank the alternatives. Finally, a numerical example is used to illustrate the applicability of the proposed approach.     

基于区间直觉模糊的动态多属性灰色关联决策方法

针对属性值为区间直觉模糊数且属性权重未知的一类决策问题,利用灰色关联分析方法的思想,构建了一种动态区间直觉模糊数多属性决策方法。首先利用区间直觉模糊数的运算法则和性质设计各时间段的正负理想方案,并以与正理想方案灰色关联度偏差最小化为目标构建了多目标规划模型,确定属性权重;然后通过计算各时间段各方案对正、负理想方案的区间直觉模糊数的灰色关联度,构建方案优属度模型,并求解方案优属度的表达式,确定方案的优势度;最后通过一个案例验证了所提出的构建方法的有效性和可行性。     

基于灰色聚类的群决策方法研究

采用非线性变换对区间灰数形式的决策信息进行规范化处理,并由决策者问差异度最小构建优化模型,确定指标权重.考虑到在决策者较多的情况下对决策者进行聚类处理可以提高决策质量,给出了决策者决策信息的灰色关联度的计算方法,并基于灰色关联度提出了对决策者进行分类的灰色聚类算法.在此基础上,提出了对聚类后各决策者类的决策信息集结的决策模型.最后通过一个实例说明了所提出方法的可行性和有效性.     

基于累积前景理论的多指标灰关联决策方法

考虑决策者风险态度对多指标决策的影响,提出一种基于累积前景理论的多指标灰关联决策方法.该方法利用奖优罚劣的[-1,1]线性变换算子对原始决策信息进行规范化处理,由此得到正负理想方案.根据累积前景理论和灰色关联分析定义了前景价值函数,以此构建方案综合前景值最大化的优化模型.求解该模型得出最优权向量,并最终确定出方案的排序.最后通过一个投资决策实例说明了该模型的有效性和可行性.     

基于区间数的多目标灰色局势决策模型

基于区间数的距离和灰熵分析,将灰色局势决策拓展到决策信息为区间数的情况,给出了灰色局势决策目标权重的优化方法.考虑各局势的效果测度与正理想效果值的接近性以及目标权重本身的不确定性,建立了多目标优化模型,利用拉格朗日乘子法求解该模型,得到了灰色局势决策的目标权重表达式.利用区间数的可能度对每个事件的局势进行排序,进一步完善了传统的灰色局势决策理论.最后通过实例验证了该模型的有效性和实用性.     

基于前景理论的多目标灰靶决策方法

针对权重信息部分已知且属性值为区间数的多目标决策问题,考虑决策者风险态度对多目标决策的影响,提出一种基于前景理论的区间数多目标灰靶决策方法.该方法利用奖优罚劣的区间数线性变换算子对原始决策信息进行规范化处理,设计正负理想靶心,并定义前景价值函数.利用该构建方案建立优化模型以得出最优权向量,并最终确定出方案的排序.最后,通过一个实例验证了该模型适用于具有风险态度特性的区间数多指标决策,并且表明了该模型的有效性和可行性.     

基于前景理论的犹豫二元语义灰关联群决策法

针对偏好信息为犹豫二元语义形式、专家权重和属性权重均完全未知的多属性群决策问题,基于前景理论和灰色关联分析法的思想,提出一种多属性群决策方法.首先,利用矩阵拉直运算和灰色关联分析法确定专家权重,利用偏差最大化法确定属性权重.其次,给出了两个犹豫二元语义元的比较方法,结合该比较方法确定各决策矩阵的正、负理想方案,并以此作为决策参考点.然后,根据前景理论和灰色关联系数确定犹豫二元语义环境下的前景价值函数,进而确定各方案的收益损失比值,并据此对候选方案进行排序.最后,将所提方法应用于一个投资决策算例,其结果表明了该方法的合理性和有效性.     

Measuring and reaching consensus in group decision making with the linguistic computing model based on discrete fuzzy numbers

The linguistic computing model based on discrete fuzzy numbers has some good properties compared with other existing models and should be further studied, which has been proved by some researchers. However, the research of group consensus with this linguistic model is insufficient, given that group consensus is an important issue in group decision making. Therefore, this paper would concentrate on this subject. It includes two main issues: research on consensus measure and research on the method for improving group consensus in group decision making based on this linguistic computing model. For research on the consensus measure, this paper first studies on the aggregation method for discrete fuzzy numbers. Then, the index of measuring group consensus is determined. For research on improving the group consensus, considering the characteristics of discrete fuzzy numbers, we present an algorithm to improve group consensus. In addition, an illustrative example of a decision-making problem about investment is stated to show the whole solving process. It also illustrates the feasibility, rationality and validity of all the proposed methods. Finally, the comparisons between some proposals and existing studies are made, which helps point out the advantages of the proposed methods.     

基于直觉模糊云模型的TOPSIS多属性决策方法

针对属性值为直觉模糊数的多属性决策问题,提出了一种基于直觉模糊云模型的TOPSIS多属性决策方法。首先,利用直觉模糊云对备选方案的各个属性值进行描述,计算其数字特征——期望、熵和超熵;然后,构造各数字特征的决策矩阵,获得其对应的正、负理想解;最后,计算各数字特征与正、负理想解间的距离,进而获得综合贴近度,对备选方案进行排序,获得最优决策结果,并通过具体数值实例验证方法的合理性和有效性。     

GRA method for multiple attribute decision making with incomplete weight information in intuitionistic fuzzy setting

The aim of this paper is to investigate the multiple attribute decision-making problems with intuitionistic fuzzy information, in which the information about attribute weights is incompletely known, and the attribute values take the form of intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. In order to get the weight vector of the attribute, we establish an optimization model based on the basic ideal of traditional grey relational analysis (GRA) method, by which the attribute weights can be determined. Then, based on the traditional GRA method, calculation steps for solving intuitionistic fuzzy multiple attribute decision-making problems with incompletely known weight information are given. The degree of grey relation between every alternative and positive-ideal solution and negative-ideal solution are calculated. Then, a relative relational degree is defined to determine the ranking order of all alternatives by calculating the degree of grey relation to both the positive-ideal solution (PIS) and negative-ideal solution (NIS) simultaneously. Finally, an illustrative example is given to verify the developed approach and to demonstrate its practicality and effectiveness.     

A discrete consensus support model for multiple attribute group decision making

In multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM), it is preferable that the set of experts reach a high degree of consensus amongst their opinions before applying a selection process. In this paper, we present a discrete model to support the consensus reaching process for MAGDM problems. Firstly, a consensus scheme for a set of arguments is provided, where the basic idea is to tighten the range of opinions amongst experts. Based on the well-defined scheme, a convergent algorithm is presented to autocratically guide experts to reach a predefined consensus level. In the selection process, the maximizing deviation method is applied to determine the attribute weights. Then, the choice of the best alternative(s) from the group decision matrix is obtained by the simple additive weighting method. Finally, one example is presented to show the application and effectiveness of the proposed model.     

基于面积的灰色关联决策模型

以灰色关联决策理论为基础,分析经典灰色关联决策方法的优缺点.从两曲线相邻点间多边形面积的角度度量曲线在距离上的接近性和几何形状的相似性,提出以被选方案与理想方案间两相邻点的多边形面积作为关联系数,构建了灰色关联度公式.为了解决信息利用不充分和变化趋势不一致性问题,拟考虑被选方案与理想方案和负理想方案的关联度,构建了灰色关联相对贴近度模型.通过算例验证了所提出的灰色关联决策模型的合理性和算法的有效性.     

基于指数型模糊数的多属性决策模型及其应用

针对模糊多属性决策问题,给出一种基于指数型模糊数的多属性决策模型。一方面,通过定义指数型模糊数的期望,以实现属性权重向量的解模糊化处理;另一方面,根据三元区间数理论和指数型模糊数的截集信息,定义指数型模糊数上一种新的距离度量,以计算各备选方案与正、负理想方案之间的距离。根据模糊理想点思想,基于指数型模糊数的期望和距离的定义,给出一种指数型模糊数上的Topsis多属性决策方法。将该模型应用于一个具体实例,其结果证实了该方法的有效性。