多车场CARP问题的改进遗传算法求解

带有容量限制的弧路径规划问题来源于城市垃圾回收、街道清扫、邮件投递、校车路线安排和洒水车路线安排等实际问题,多车场CARP问题是具有多个车场的CARP问题。提出了一种先划分区域后进行路径规划的方法来求解多车场CARP问题。该方法先将各服务弧按照离车场距离的远近归并到距离最近的车场,从而转化为单车场CARP问题,然后用改进的遗传算法进行求解;在求解过程中,用模拟退火算法对部分服务弧进行局部调整,使服务弧在一定的范围内在不同的车场之间进行调换,从而避免局部收敛,达到全局优化的效果。以洒水车路线安排为实例,实验结果表明,该算法能有效求解一定规模的多车场CARP问题,为实际应用奠定了基础。     

多车场多目标开放式物流配送车辆调度问题的研究

为了优化现代物流中的车辆调度问题,文章针对多车场开放式物流配送车辆调度问题,建立了一种灵活的多目标组合优化模型,此模型可以方便地增减优化目标值;设计了适合多车场开放式车辆路径问题的通用染色体编码方案,并对遗传算法中的交叉变异操作做了详细说明,最终得到了多车场多目标开放式物流配送中车辆调度的优化策略;通过真实的测试用例验证了项目设计的优化模型和遗传算法在解决多车场多目标开放式物流配送车辆调度问题中的可行性.     

带时间窗的多车场车辆路径优化的粒子群算法

带时间窗的多车场车辆路径问题在基本车辆路径问题的基础上增加了“多车场”与“时间窗”两个约束条件,是一个典型的NP难解问题。将粒子群算法应用于带时间窗的多车场车辆路径优化问题,构造了一种适用于求解车辆路径问题的粒子编码方法,建立了相应的数学模型,在此基础上设计了相应的算法。算例通过和遗传算法、蚁群算法进行比较,证明了其搜索速度和寻优能力的优越性。     

多车场多车型车辆路径问题的改进遗传算法

在给出有时间窗约束的多车场多车型车辆路径问题的基于直观描述的数学模型基础上,引入一种新的编码方式,并将RC交叉算子进行修正,构造出一种解决该问题的模拟退火遗传算法,实验证明能够有效地解决优化问题。     

多车场车辆路径问题的遗传算法

给出了多车场车辆路径问题(MDVRP)的数学模型,提出一种基于客户的编码表示方式,可以表示出各车场出动的车辆及路径,能够有效地实现MDVRP的优化,并用计算实例进行了验证。     

多车场车辆路径问题的改进粒子群算法

多车场车辆路径问题是一类实用性很高的NP难解问题。针对标准粒子群算法易早熟、收敛速度慢的缺陷,提出了一种新的改进算法,该算法采用协同进化思想,同时在搜索陷入局部最优的情况下引入了模式搜索方法。针对多车场车辆路径问题构造了一种新的粒子编码方法,建立了相应的数学模型,并介绍了该算法的详细实现过程。仿真结果通过和遗传算法和标准粒子群算法比较,表明该算法具有更好的寻优速度和寻优效率,从而证明了提出的算法用于优化多车场车辆路径问题是可行和有效的。     

农村公交协同车辆路径问题的研究

针对考虑农村人口出行频次的季节偏好性、早晚高峰期班次多、乘客乘车的最长忍受时间、司机连续驾驶时间限制、车辆可以停在其他车场、车场与车场之间的车辆可以共享等因素的农村公交的协同车辆路径问题,建立车辆租赁模式的单车型开放式协同车辆路径问题的数学模型.结合节约算法、扫描算法和遗传算法,构造混合蚁群算法对实例进行仿真.首先通过扫描算法对站点进行分组,然后应用节约算法对单个旅行商问题(traveling salesman problem,TSP)求解得到可行解,最后应用混合蚁群算法对可行解进一步优化.结果表明该算法在收敛速度和寻优能力两方面都优于遗传算法.     

基于双层模糊聚类的多车场车辆路径遗传算法

对大规模多车场车辆路径问题,设计了基于双层模糊聚类的改进遗传算法求解框架,上层静态区域划分利用k-means技术将多车场到多客户的问题转化为一对多的子问题,下层模糊聚类从保证客户满意度和整合物流资源的角度出发,利用模糊聚类算法根据客户需求属性形成基于客户订单配送的动态客户群。进一步,通过改进选择算子和交叉算子来设计车辆路径优化的遗传算法。通过随机算例仿真实验,证明了提出方法和求解策略的有效性。     

多车场满载车辆路径优化算法

针对多车场满载车辆路径问题(MDVRPFL),结合节约法提出了一种依次对车场、配送中心、用户进行循环调整直到最优的迭代算法.该算法具有使总费用随迭代次数逐渐降低的特点,其运算结果能同时得到最优车辆分配方案和车辆行驶路径.最后用该算法对不同规模的算例进行试验.试验结果表明,该算法对多车场车辆路径问题有效适用.     

考虑时变速度的多车场绿色车辆路径模型及优化算法

针对多车场绿色车辆路径问题,根据顾客的坐标位置,采用K-means聚类方法将顾客分配给不同的车场;考虑时变速度和实时载重对车辆油耗和碳排放的影响,确定车辆油耗和碳排放的度量函数;在此基础上,以车辆油耗成本、碳排放成本、车辆使用成本、驾驶员工资以及时间窗惩罚成本之和最小化作为优化目标,构建多车场绿色车辆路径模型,并根据模型特点设计一种改进的蚁群算法进行求解.算例仿真结果表明,所构建的模型和提出的算法能合理调配不同车场的车辆,科学规划车辆路径,有效规避交通拥堵时间段,降低物流配送总成本,减少车辆油耗和碳排放,促进物流配送企业的节能减排.     

一个多物流中心配送模型及其遗传算法

物流配送费用是物流系统的核心费用。以节约物流配送费用为出发点,建立了一个多物流中心配送模型,并构造了一个双重混合遗传算法。算法采用扩大的集合覆盖方法,将需求点预分配给配送中心,一个需求点可以依附于多个配送中心,然后在第一重遗传算法中将需求点精确分配给每个配送中心,在第二重遗传算法中规划各配送中心的车辆行驶路线。为第一重遗传算法设计了编码方案和交叉规则。在第二重算法中设计了交叉个体的选择方案,较好地解决了简单遗传算法早熟问题。数据实验表明,该算法是有效的。     

多约束选址—路径问题的改进混合遗传算法研究

选址—路径问题(LRP)同时解决设施选址和车辆路径问题,使物流系统总成本达到最小,在集成化物流配送网络规划中具有重要意义。针对带仓库容量约束和路径容量约束的选址—路径(CLRP)问题,提出了一种结合模拟退火算法的混合遗传算法进行整体求解。改进混合遗传算法分别对初始种群生成方式、遗传操作和重组策略进行改进,并实现了模拟退火的良好局部搜索能力与遗传算法的全局搜索能力的有效结合。运用一组Barreto Benchmark算例进行数值实验测试其性能,并将求解结果与国外文献中的启发式算法进行比较,验证了改进混合算法的有效性和可行性。     

On the design of hybrid bio-inspired meta-heuristics for complex multiattribute vehicle routing problems

This paper addresses a multiattribute vehicle routing problem, the rich vehicle routing problem, with time constraints, heterogeneous fleet, multiple depots, multiple routes, and incompatibilities of goods. Four different approaches are presented and applied to 15 real datasets. They are based on two meta-heuristics, ant colony optimization (ACO) and genetic algorithm (GA), that are applied in their standard formulation and combined as hybrid meta-heuristics to solve the problem. As such ACO-GA is a hybrid meta-heuristic using ACO as main approach and GA as local search. GA-ACO is a memetic algorithm using GA as main approach and ACO as local search. The results regarding quality and computation time are compared with two commercial tools currently used to solve the problem. Considering the number of customers served, one of the tools and the ACO-GA approach outperforms the others. Considering the cost, ACO, GA, and GA-ACO provide better results. Regarding computation time, GA and GA-ACO have been found the most competitive among the benchmark.     

Applied Genetic Algorithm for Solving Rich VRP

In this article, we present a study of the effectiveness of a genetic algorithm (GA) to solve a combinatorial problem, that is, a vehicle routing problem (VRP). We propose a new selection method, called “rank and select,” based on selection rate, and we compare it with roulette wheel selection. In this article, we use two types of crossover method and two types of mutation method. These are applied for comparing the best fitness at the end of a generation. The problem solved in this study is how to generate feasible route combinations for a rich VRP and meet all the requirements with an optimum solution. Initial test results show that the route produced by the GA was effectively used for solving rich VRP and especially for a large number of customers, depots, and vehicles. Fuel consumption by proposed routes was lower by about 20.38% compared to that of an existing route.     

求解CARP-RP-ML问题的改进算法

传统方法无法有效求解交通道路维护运作中的有补给点及多装载的容量约束弧路径(CARP-RP-ML)问题。为此,提出改进的启发式算法和遗传算法。启发式算法将不同的分割算法用于由所有需求弧随机排序得到的个体上,构造问题的可行解;遗传算法利用分割算法计算其个体适应值,确定对应的可行车辆路径及补给位置,并用局部搜索作为变异算子,进一步扩大搜索空间。数值实验结果表明,与启发式算法相比,遗传算法能更有效地求解CARP-RP-ML问题。     

Genetic algorithm with iterated local search for solving a location-routing problem

This paper deals with a location routing problem with multiple capacitated depots and one uncapacitated vehicle per depot. We seek for new methods to make location and routing decisions simultaneously and efficiently. For that purpose, we describe a genetic algorithm (GA) combined with an iterative local search (ILS). The main idea behind our hybridization is to improve the solutions generated by the GA using a ILS to intensify the search space. Numerical experiments show that our hybrid algorithm improves, for all instances, the best known solutions previously obtained by the tabu search heuristic.     

An improved genetic algorithm with conditional genetic operators and its application to set-covering problem

The genetic algorithm (GA) is a popular, biologically inspired optimization method. However, in the GA there is no rule of thumb to design the GA operators and select GA parameters. Instead, trial-and-error has to be applied. In this paper we present an improved genetic algorithm in which crossover and mutation are performed conditionally instead of probability. Because there are no crossover rate and mutation rate to be selected, the proposed improved GA can be more easily applied to a problem than the conventional genetic algorithms. The proposed improved genetic algorithm is applied to solve the set-covering problem. Experimental studies show that the improved GA produces better results over the conventional one and other methods.     

A two-phase hybrid heuristic algorithm for the capacitated location-routing problem

In this paper, we propose a two-phase hybrid heuristic algorithm to solve the capacitated location-routing problem (CLRP). The CLRP combines depot location and routing decisions. We are given on input a set of identical vehicles (each having a capacity and a fixed cost), a set of depots with restricted capacities and opening costs, and a set of customers with deterministic demands. The problem consists of determining the depots to be opened, the customers and the vehicles to be assigned to each open depot, and the routes to be performed to fulfill the demand of the customers. The objective is to minimize the sum of the costs of the open depots, of the fixed cost associated with the used vehicles, and of the variable traveling costs related to the performed routes. In the proposed hybrid heuristic algorithm, after a Construction phase (first phase), a modified granular tabu search, with different diversification strategies, is applied during the Improvement phase (second phase). In addition, a random perturbation procedure is considered to avoid that the algorithm remains in a local optimum for a given number of iterations. Computational experiments on benchmark instances from the literature show that the proposed algorithm is able to produce, within short computing time, several solutions obtained by the previously published methods and new best known solutions.     

一种可自适应调节参数的改进遗传算法

针对遗传算法在复杂问题应用中收敛速度十分缓慢的不足，本文引入收敛性因子和进程因子对种群进化的交叉概率和变异概率进行自适应调节，提出了可自适应调节参数的改进遗传算法．该算法很好地增强了遗传算法的全局搜索能力，提高了收敛速度．通过比较几个优化实例，验证了本文算法的有效性．     

Hybrid immune algorithm based on greedy algorithm and delete-cross operator for solving TSP

This paper first introduces the fundamental principles of immune algorithm (IA), greedy algorithm (GA) and delete-cross operator (DO). Based on these basic algorithms, a hybrid immune algorithm (HIA) is constructed to solve the traveling salesman problem (TSP). HIA employs GA to initialize the routes of TSP and utilizes DO to delete routes of crossover. With dynamic mutation operator (DMO) adopted to improve searching precision, this proposed algorithm can increase the likelihood of global optimum after the hybridization. Experimental results demonstrate that the HIA algorithm is able to yield a better solution than that of other algorithms, which also takes less computation time.