基于线性判别分析和自适应K近邻法的手势识别

基于小容量数据集的手势识别是人机交互技术研究中的一个重要课题。本文提出了一种基于线性判别分析和自适应K近邻法的手势识别方法。首先,应用高斯背景建模方法从包含目 标交互者的训练视频集中提取各类手型图像,并调整到相同尺度来构建手势训练集。然后,通过改进的线性判别分析对训练数据进行特征提取。最后提出一种自适应K近邻法对实时交互过程中得到的手型信息进行分类和识别。应用上述方法自建小型手势库进行实验和比较分析,结果显示与现有的手势识别算法相比,本文方法具有更高的识别率。     

结合手势主方向和类-Hausdorff距离的手势识别

针对目前手势识别方法受手势旋转、平移、缩放的影响,导致手势识别率偏低的问题,提出一种基于手势主方向和类-Hausdorff距离模板匹配的手势识别方法.首先把分割后的手势图像进行标准化处理,并求出标准化图像中的手势主方向;然后根据手势主方向建立二维手势直角坐标系提取空间手势特征;再利用空间手势坐标点分布特征方法对手势进行初步识别;最后利用类-Hausdorff距离模板匹配的思想识别最终的手势.实验结果表明,在光照相对稳定的条件下,该方法能够实时准确地实现手势识别,总体识别率达到95%;对发生旋转的手势识别率能超过90%.     

结合手指检测和HOG特征的分层静态手势识别

目的 基于手势的交互方式在人机交互中发挥着越来越重要的作用,手势识别是大多数手势交互系统的核心技术.当手势种类较多时,目前已有的大多数手势识别方法往往无法获得足够高的识别率.为此,提出了一种结合手指检测和梯度方向直方图(HOG)特征的分层静态手势识别方法.方法 提出一种基于形态学操作的手指检测算法作为手势识别方法的基础.首先由肤色模型从输入图像中提取出手部区域,然后利用手指检测算法识别出手势包含的手指个数,并根据手指个数从事先训练好的支持向量机分类器集合中选取一个,最后提取手部区域的HOG特征,并利用选择好的分类器完成识别任务.结果 对25种常用手势进行了识别实验,将本文方法与单独使用HOG特征的方法进行对比.本文方法可以将传统HOG方法的识别率提高20%左右.结论 基于手指个数的分层识别策略可以有效地解决传统单层识别方法在手势种类较多时识别率不高的问题.在手部区域能被成功检测的情况下,提出的结合手指检测和HOG特征的方法可以取得较理想的手势识别结果,且能达到实时性要求.     

基于多权值神经网络的静态手势字母识别的研究

提出了一种基于多权值神经网络模型的静态手势语识别方法.应用手势字母图像圆周极径序列的傅立叶频谱信息来提取特征,再结合多权值神经网络的训练算法与识别算法,实现静态手势字母的识别,并取得了很好的识别效果.     

基于Leap Motion传感器的自适应动态手势识别

基于视觉的手势识别是实现新型人机交互的一项关键技术,针对手势普适性与识别率问题,在改进隐马尔可夫模型学习机制的基础上提出一种新的基于Leap Motion传感器的自适应动态手势识别方法。该方法首先采用几何特征法识别静态手姿以确定动态手势起始点与结束点,然后基于角度对动态手势轨迹进行特征提取与分类,并引入修正的重估方法计算隐马尔可夫模型参数,最后在对非定义手势识别的基础上自动学习更新隐马尔可夫模型,以提高动态手势识别率,并最终实现对26个小写字母的动态手势识别。实验结果表明,所提出的动态手势识别方法具有良好的自适应性与精确性。     

基于Hermite神经网络的动态手势学习和识别

为提高动态手势学习速度和识别准确率,本文提出一种基于Hermite正交基前向神经网络的动态手势识别方法。利用Camshift算法实时跟踪手势运动轨迹,提取手势特征向量作为神经网络的输入;以Hermite正交基函数作为隐含层激励函数构造三层前向神经网络,并给出一种基于伪逆的直接计算权值方法和根据网络目标精度要求自适应确定隐含节点数目方法;运用训练好的Hermite神经网络识别动态手势。测试结果表明:Hermite神经网络能够提高网络的学习训练速度和精度,提高手势学习速度和识别准确率,而且在手势识别方面具有较好的鲁棒性和泛化能力。     

基于SURF特征跟踪的动态手势识别算法

提出了一种基于加速鲁棒特征(SURF)跟踪的动态手势识别算法.其特征在于算法无需预先检测分割人手区域,仅通过跟踪统计相邻帧间匹配SURF特征点的移动主方向来刻画手势运动轨迹.提出采用经时间规整的轨迹方向数据流来建立动态手势模型,利用基于相关分析的数据流聚类方法实现动态手势的识别,大大提高动态手势识别速度.实验使用26个英文字母作为动态手势训练和识别,手势训练集和测试集的识别率分别为87.1%和84.6%,并成功用于实验室自主研制的侦察移动机器人Hunter的运动控制中,证实了该方法的有效性.     

融合情境感知信息的超声波手势识别方法

针对现有的超声波手势识别方法易受用户误操作手势的影响,难以对识别错误的手势进行实时修正等问题,提出一种融合情境感知信息的手势识别方法.首先通过对手势信号进行时频分析提取有效的手势特征,构建基于超限学习机算法的手势识别模型,并利用softmax函数将手势识别结果映射为手势的置信度;然后通过自定义的概率转化函数将情境信息转化为手势的情境置信度;最后融合手势的置信度和情境置信度,以利用情境感知结果过滤用户的误操作手势,修正识别错误的手势,输出符合用户意图的手势识别结果.将文中方法应用于超声波手势识别的实验结果表明,该方法的识别准确率能够达到94.7%,比无情境信息的超声波手势识别方法提高33.2%.     

基于加锁机制的静态手势识别方法

基于RGB-D（RGB-Depth）的静态手势识别的速度高于其动态手势识别,但是存在冗余手势和重复手势而导致识别准确性不高的问题。针对该问题,提出了一种基于加锁机制的静态手势识别方法来识别运动中的手势。首先,将通过Kinect设备获取RGB数据流和Depth数据流融合成人体骨骼数据流;然后,在静态手势方法中引入加锁机制,并与之前建立好的骨骼点特征模型手势库进行比对计算;最后,设计一款“程序员进阶之路”益智类网页游戏进行应用与实验。实验验证在6种不同运动手势情况下,该方法与纯静态手势识别方法相比,平均识别准确率提高了14.4%;与动态手势识别相比,识别速度提高了14%。实验结果表明,提出的基于加锁机制的静态手势识别方法,既保留了静态识别的速率,实现了实时识别;又能很好地剔除冗余手势和重复手势,提高了识别正确性。     

基于属性计算网络的动态手势识别的研究

基于视觉的动态手势识别既是当今人机交互系统研究的热点也是难点。该文提出了基于属性计算网络的识别方法对动态手势进行识别,与现有的识别方法相比,具有明显的特点和优点。首先利用肤色分离手部对象,然后跟踪手部对象,并对手部对象轮廓和运动轨迹抽取特征并建立对应的特征向量,最后将手部对象轮廓特征和运动轨迹特征进行加权组合,得出识别结果。本方法的特点和优点是识别分析速度较快,能够很好的满足人机交互系统实时性的需要,并且能够适应动态手势表达在速度和幅度上的差异性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate