基于错误传播分析的软件脆弱点识别方法研究

在太空环境中,软件系统经常受到各种辐射现象的影响.在此类环境下,寻找软件脆弱点主要是考虑环境扰动对该软件的影响.文中提出了一种由环境扰动引入的软件脆弱点的分析方法.首先在对软件系统模块化的基础上,通过在两个层面上分析错误在软件中的生成及其传播过程,给出寻找软件脆弱点的理论框架,随后进一步给出该框架中一些参数的实验估计方法,最后给出该框架在某卫星光纤陀螺捷联航姿控制系统上的应用.应用结果令人满意.     

基于改进型能量检测的加权协作频谱感知算法

针对单节点能量检测法存在的“隐藏终端”和检测准确性低以及协作频谱感知算法大多采用等权重进行数据融合,未考虑不同节点所处的通信环境对检测性能的影响等问题,提出一种基于改进型能量检测的自适应加权协作频谱感知算法。该算法通过对单节点能量检测方法的改进,在单节点检测错误概率最小的条件下,导出了信噪比与判决门限的关系式,利用二分法求得不同信噪比下的动态门限值,得到相应的虚警概率和检测概率,以虚警概率和检测概率的函数作为加权因子进行数据融合。仿真结果表明,所提算法使协作感知系统在低信噪比条件下也能获得可靠的检测性能。     

椭圆定位的测距算法

针对无线传感器网络定位中传统的三边测距算法,为了降低算法中每个已知节点均具有发射和接收信号能力而造成的高额成本,提出了已知节点单发射多接收的定位模型,并基于该模型提出了椭圆定位算法.该算法通过刻画未知节点距已知节点可能的椭圆运动轨迹,进而运用牛顿迭代法求解所构造的二次轨迹方程组,实现对未知节点的定位.同时,对定位可能出现的错误进行了概率分析,得出错误概率与锚点个数之间的函数关系.实验定位与传统算法相比降低了实验成本,证明了锚点的线性增加会使错误概率指数趋势减少的特征,最后针对该定位错误问题提出了合理的解决方案.     

传感器网络分布式数据流的频繁项集挖掘算法

研究无线传感器网络中数据流频繁项集挖掘问题。针对集中式的静态数据流频繁项集挖掘方法不能在传感器网络中直接使用这一特点,提出基于传感器网络的分布式数据流的频繁项集挖掘算法FIMVS。该算法基于FPtree快速挖掘出传感器节点上单一数据流的局部频繁项集,然后通过路由将其在无线传感器网络里逐层上传合并,在Sink节点上汇聚后,采用自顶向下的高效剪枝策略挖掘出全局频繁项集。实验结果表明,该算法能有效地大幅度减少候选项集,降低无线传感器网络中的通信量,并有较高的时间和空间效率。     

带不确定量测和未知虚警概率的粒子滤波器

为了解决带不确定量测和未知虚警概率的非线性非高斯系统状态估计问题,本文提出了一种新的粒子滤波方法,利用随机不确定量测模型来更新粒子和权值,并基于极大似然准则来辨识未知的虚警概率.本文所提出的带不确定量测和已知虚警概率的粒子滤波方法与现有标准的粒子滤波方法具有几乎一致的计算复杂度,但是更适合用于处理带不确定量测的非线性非高斯系统状态估计问题.此外,在状态转移密度函数被选择为建议密度函数时,本文证明了基于所提出的虚警概率辨识方法的极大似然估计唯一,从而为精确辨识虚警概率提供了理论保证.单变量非平稳增长模型和纯方位跟踪的数值仿真验证了所提出粒子滤波方法的有效性和与现有方法相比的优越性.     

基于核密度估计的分布数据流离群点检测

基于数据流数据的挖掘算法研究受到了越来越多的重视．针对分布式数据流环境,提出基于核密度估计的分布数据流离群点检测算法．算法将各分布节点上的数据流作为全局数据流的子集,通过分布节点与中心节点的通信,维护基于全局数据流的分布密度估计．各分布节点基于该估计对其上的分布数据流进行离群点检测,从而得到基于全局数据流的离群点集合．对节点之间的交互以及离群点检测算法的细节进行了讨论．通过实验验证了算法的适用性和有效性．     

基于低复杂度编译码的数据流错误纠错方法

针对单粒子翻转可能带来的数据流错误,设计一种改进的数据流错误纠错方法。利用线性分组码的相关理论,分析常用数据流容错方法的容错能力,从线性分组码的编译码原理出发给出一种低复杂度编译码算法,基于该编码的容错方法能够以较少的开销纠正单粒子翻转造成的单比特数据错误。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效纠正单粒子翻转造成的数据错误,与常用的纠检错方法相比,具有较优的纠错性能和较少的容错开销。     

星载软件系统错误传播研究与分析

针对星载软件系统因宇宙射线和环境扰动而产生的软件错误及错误传播问题,研究星载软件系统错误传播分析方法.利用该方法从信号和模块2个层面评测软件的可靠性,并根据结果对系统信号或模块的脆弱性进行分析,找出系统较为脆弱的信号与模块,以及最可能传播错误的信号传播路径.定义信号与模块的错误传播率、暴露率等参数,设计参数的计算方法,...     

基于流数据分类挖掘算法在入侵检测的应用

传统基于数据挖掘的入侵检测系统、只能检测系统层和应用层的日志和报文,对于节点流进和流出的数据流,无法进行挖掘分析,因此,系统的虚警率和漏警率较高,本文提出一种基于流数据分类挖掘算法的入侵检测方法,验证结果显示,可以降低系统的虚警率和漏警率,提高网络的安全性。     

基于门限动态调整的最优协作检测方法

为提高协作频谱感知的检测效率、减少系统的反馈开销,提出一种基于门限动态调整的最优协作检测方法。在单节点检测错误概率最小的情况下,导出能量检测中门限值与信噪比的关系表达式,利用二分法求得不同信噪比下的动态门限值。根据系统恒虚警率和恒检测率计算最优协作用户数,并与动态门限值相结合得到系统检测错误概率。仿真结果表明,该方法协作检测概率较高,检测错误概率较低。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate