基于时间负载均衡蚁群算法的云任务调度优化

针对云渲染系统中渲染节点与任务不匹配调度而带来的时间负载不均衡和耗时长的问题,提出一种基于时间负载均衡的任务调度方式来优化系统耗时的策略.该算法采用Min-min与Max-min相结合的思想,建立时间负载均衡模型进行前期迭代,将迭代结果作为蚁群算法的初始序列,并按照适应度规则计算出相应的初始信息素,同时通过单一变量法确定合理的参数,蚁群算法采用已有的初始资源和参数值进行后期迭代,根据标准量度自定义函数进行高效寻优,进而求得最终的任务调度序列.仿真结果表明,本策略既具有较高的搜索效率和较强的全局寻优能力,又能有效降低任务完成时间,且在时间负载均衡和寻优速度方面均显著优于蚁群算法和蚁群退火算法.     

面向集群渲染的反馈控制负载均衡算法

针对传统集群渲染系统处理多级任务时无法实现动态负载均衡的问题,引入反馈控制思想,结合负载均衡原理,提出反馈控制负载均衡的新算法。该算法采用全局集中式负载均衡策略调度和分配任务线程,为不同的请求服务等级提供服务响应时间保障,实时动态调整集群系统各节点的负载并使其实现负载均衡。实验结果表明,系统整体性能比传统系统提高约1/3,证明了该算法的可行性和有效性。     

基于信任机制与遗传算法的渲染网格作业调度研究

信任关系是网格作业调度中一个很重要的因素,也是影响网格计算有效性和性能的关键技术之一。将信任机制引入到渲染网格作业调度中,建立渲染网格环境中基于信任机制的作业调度模型,在调度策略上对基本遗传算法进行了改进,提出了基于信任机制的遗传算法。实验结果表明,该算法可以提高任务完成率和平均信任效益,是适用于渲染网格的一种有效作业调度方法。     

基于主机性能度量的异构集群作业调度算法

传统经典作业度算法在集群应用中实现简单、执行效率高,但在异构集群环境下由于缺乏在线节点运行状态动态反馈能力和负载均衡能力,降低了计算资源利用率和系统吞吐率.为解决上述问题,设计了一种在异构集群环境下基于主机性能度量的作业负载均衡调度算法,该算法通过收集集群中在线节点的状态信息和作业响应时间遴选出可信节点集合,计算出各可信节点的HPM值,利用负载均衡运算规则生成候选的作业分配节点集合,最终按照预先设计的优先原则把不同作业分配至各计算节点,并更新各节点运行状态.实验结果表明,在异构集群环境下调度同类型作业时,该算法在总完成时间和负载均衡性能等指标上均优于传统经典算法.     

基于Enfuzion的渲染农场的研究与构建

介绍并行渲染管理软件Enfuzion的管理调度结构,详细研究利用Enfuzion搭建渲染农场的具体方法和步骤,最后针对搭建的测试农场给出实际测试结果.     

基于负载增量动态反馈的动漫渲染机制研究

随着计算机软硬件技术的快速发展,近年来动画技术也得到了迅猛发展。文章在分析了集群节点性能值及负载量的计算方法基础上,通过融合了CPU、内存利用率以及I/O通讯速率等相关参数,提出了基于负载增量动态反馈的动漫渲染机制,系统上线后的运营状况表明,该机制结合集群节点的整体性能实现了面向渲染计算的负载均衡调度,提高了动画制作的效率。     

HPC Cloud环境中基于网络Ⅰ/O负载的虚拟机放置算法

随着虚拟化技术和云计算技术的发展,越来越多的高性能计算应用运行在云计算资源上.在基于虚拟化技术的高性能计算云系统中,高性能计算应用运行在多个虚拟机之中,这些虚拟机可能放置在不同的物理节点上.若多个通信密集型作业的虚拟机放置在相同的物理节点上,虚拟机之间将竞争物理节点的网络Ⅰ/O资源,如果虚拟机对网络Ⅰ/O资源的需求超过物理节点的网络Ⅰ/O带宽上限,将严重影响通信密集型作业的计算性能.针对虚拟机对网络Ⅰ/O资源的竞争问题,提出一种基于网络Ⅰ/O负载均衡的虚拟机放置算法NLPA,该算法采用网络Ⅰ/O负载均衡策略来减少虚拟机对网络Ⅰ/O资源的竞争.实验表明,与贪心算法进行比较,对于同样的高性能计算作业测试集,NLPA算法在完成作业的计算时间、系统中的网络Ⅰ/O负载吞吐率、网络Ⅰ/O负载均衡3个方面均有更好的表现.     

基于QoS的任务分类调度算法

分析了QoS Guided Min-Min及其改进算法,指出了这些算法调度不均衡的缺点.在此基础上设计出基于QoS的任务分类调度算法.先对特殊任务使用Min-Min方法进行调度,然后采用贪心策略对一般任务进行调度,转移或交换最大负载和最小负载机器上的一般任务,使各机器上的任务快速达到均衡.实验表明该算法在保证应用QoS的前提下,相对于以往算法负载分布更加均衡,任务总的完成时间更短.     

基于Docker Swarm集群的调度策略优化算法

Swarm是一种对集群中Docker镜像和容器进行管理的工具,其在计算节点权值时可能会得到若干个相同权值的节点.现有的Swarm调度策略只是将这些节点随机分配,由于相同权值节点的资源负载情况并不相同,所以将会造成节点负载不均衡.针对上述问题,本文提出一种动态调度算法对Swarm调度策略进行优化.通过实验,证明增加动态调度算法能够使集群中节点负载更加均衡,同时提高集群的整体资源利用率.     

移动设备上富媒体场景渲染优化策略

随着移动设备上越来越多的富媒体应用,对富媒体引擎提出了更高的要求.为了提高引擎性能,提出移动设备上富媒体场景渲染优化策略.该优化策略从局部渲染和多边形填充2个方面进行:通过跟踪场景变化的失效区域来体现局部渲染;在多边形填充方面提出一种Grid算法,通过记录多边形的边与屏幕扫描线的交点信息来进行边的反走样计算以及多边形光栅化填充,且支持复杂自交多边形填充.经过推导证明,Grid算法在时间复杂度与空间复杂度两方面比传统的活性边填充算法和扫描线种子填充算法更优,更适合于移动设备的图形填充.最后通过仿真测试验证了以上两个方面优化的良好效果.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate