基于量子坍缩形态算子的椒盐噪声去除算法

为解决以均方差为量子测量算子构造的量子坍缩形态滤波器去除高密度椒盐噪声的不足,提出一种基于量子坍缩形态算子的椒盐噪声去除方法.基于椒盐噪声的特点,构造一个简单的噪声检测算子;由噪声检测算子生成的标记图像构造新的量子测量算子;为更好地保留图像的细节信息,只对可能噪声点进行量子坍缩形态滤波.仿真结果表明,该方法能有效去除高浓度的椒盐噪声,相比其它滤波算法,具有更强的噪声去除能力和更短的处理时间.     

点检测下的中值滤波器图像去噪算法

在图像去噪过程中,运用已有的自适应中值滤波器去除图像椒盐噪声时,易把非噪声点误判为噪声点,使被处理图像严重失真,影响图像进一步分析。笔者在已有自适应滤波器去噪方法的基础上,针对椒盐噪声,进一步研究了点检测下的中值滤波器图像去噪算法,先对含有脉冲噪声的图像进行检测,判定是否为噪声点来选取自适应中值滤波合适的阈值。最后运用试验仿真结果和熵值对比传统方法,说明改进的算法去除图像椒盐噪声效果更优。     

去除椒盐噪声的自适应开关加权均值滤波

提出一种去除椒盐噪声的自适应开关加权均值滤波算法。该算法采用一种新的噪声检测方法将图像中的像素分为信号点和噪声点,对检测出的噪声点采用加权均值滤波进行处理,而信号点保持其灰度值不变直接输出。实验结果表明,该算法能在有效去除椒盐噪声的同时保护图像细节,较传统中值滤波及其改算法有更好的滤波性能。     

一种针对椒盐噪声的高速自适应中值滤波算法

大数据量高清视频流在拍摄、传输等过程中可能受到干扰而产生椒盐噪声.由于其具有数据传输速度快的特点,为了确保它的实时性,进一步提高滤波算法的时间效率和计算效率,对现有的自适应中值滤波进行了改进,提出了一种高速自适应中值滤波算法.滤波过程主要分为噪声点检测和噪声去除两个阶段.其中,在噪声点检测阶段,根据椒盐噪声的极值特性,将图像的像素点分为噪声点和信号点;在噪声去除阶段,信号点保持原值,噪声点根据自适应中值进行赋值.实验结果表明,该算法相较于多种中值滤波方法具有很好的滤波作用,以及很大的速度提升.     

基于二级修复的多方向加权均值滤波算法

针对目前算法不能有效去除高概率的椒盐噪声并保护图像边缘和细节特征的缺点,提出了一种基于二级修复的多方向加权均值滤波算法。在噪声检测阶段,首先利用一个方差参数判断当前像素点与其邻域像素点之间的灰度差异程度,再通过将方差参数和灰度极值相结合的方法检测出图像中的椒盐噪声点。在噪声修复阶段,提出一种二级修复方法来修复噪声点的灰度值。首先利用改进的自适应中值滤波器对椒盐噪声点进行第一级噪声修复;然后利用方差参数将第一级修复后的噪声点划分为两类,并采用不同的修复方法对这两类像素点进行第二级噪声修复,一类像素点采用均值滤波器进行再修复,另外一类像素点采用多方向加权均值滤波器进行再修复。数值实验结果表明,所提算法的滤波性能和边缘保护能力均优于当下很多先进的滤波器。     

神经网络噪声检测的自适应加权均值滤波算法

针对传统滤波方法对纹理比较细腻的图像以及高噪声密度图像的处理能力欠佳的缺陷,提出了一种基于BP神经网络噪声检测的自适应加权均值滤波方法.用训练好的BP神经网络检测出图像中被椒盐噪声污染的像素并对其进行标记,对检测出的噪声点进行自适应加权均值滤波,信号点则保持不变,从而实现了对图像细节的有效保护.仿真表明了该算法滤波性能和细节保护能力均优于各种传统滤波算法.     

图像椒盐噪声的开关滤波算法综述

椒盐噪声去除是图像去噪领域的经典问题。开关滤波是一类流行的椒盐噪声去除方法。它将椒盐噪声去除过程分成噪声检测和噪声恢复两个阶段,先检测图像中的椒盐噪声点,然后仅对检测到的噪声点进行滤波恢复,保持非噪声点的灰度不变,有利于保护图像细节。在对椒盐噪声特性阐述的基础上,详细介绍了国内外近年来出现的10种开关滤波算法,分析了它们各自在噪声检测和噪声恢复上的优缺点。最后,指出了现有的开关滤波算法面临的一类新问题。     

椒盐噪声图像的非局部平均滤波算法

针对非局部平均(NLM)方法对椒盐噪声图像滤波效果较差的问题,通过引入噪声检测结果扩展NLM方法去除图像中椒盐噪声。在噪声检测阶段,利用图像的两个极值Lmin和Lmax把图像像素点分为非噪声点和噪声点。在滤波阶段,非噪声点的灰度值保持不变。对于噪声点,如果以该噪声点为中心的自适应滤波窗口内均为噪声点,则认为该噪声点位于图像自身灰度值为Lmin或Lmax的区域内,使用两个极值的统计结果进行恢复。否则,采用改进的NLM方法滤除噪声。构造联合噪声检测模板避免噪声点对相似权计算的干扰,噪声点的恢复值由非噪声点的灰度值加权平均得到。此外,采用迭代滤波策略对高密度噪声图像噪声点进行恢复。相关去噪实验结果证实了算法去噪的有效性,不足之处是算法的时间复杂度较高。     

图像中椒盐噪声去除算法研究

为了有效地去除数字图像中的椒盐噪声,提高图像质量,本文 在分析一些典型消除噪声方法的基础上,给出了一种新的椒盐噪声去除算法。首先,针对椒 盐噪声的特点,设计了一种基于动态窗口和邻域像素统计信息的噪声检测算法,有效地区分 了噪声点与非噪声,然后对检测出的噪声点,采用改进的自适性的中值滤波算法进行噪声滤 除,在滤波算法中加入了窗口大小自适应控制和滤波值调优策略。实验表明：该方法不仅能 去除图像中的椒盐噪声,而且能有效地保护图像的细节特征,对于高密度噪声的图像去 除噪声的效果比其他方法更优。     

一种新的高密度椒盐噪声滤波算法

针对现有算法对高密度椒盐噪声滤波不足的问题,提出一种新的高密度椒盐噪声滤波算法。通过噪声检测将含噪图像的像素分为信号点和噪声点,对每一个椒盐像素,计算以该像素为中心的窗口内非椒盐像素中值,信号点则保持其灰度值不变直接输出,重复以上过程,直到没有噪声点被替换。实验结果表明,该算法能在有效去除椒盐噪声的同时保护图像细节,较传统中值滤波及其改进算法有更好的滤波性能。     

Induced and uncertain heavy OWA operators

In this paper, we analyse in detail the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator and some of the extensions developed about it. We specially focus on the heavy aggregation operators. We suggest some new extensions about the OWA operator such as the induced heavy OWA (IHOWA) operator, the uncertain heavy OWA (UHOWA) operator and the uncertain induced heavy OWA (UIHOWA) operator. For these three new extensions, we consider some of their main properties and a wide range of special cases found in the weighting vector such as the heavy weighted average (HWA) and the uncertain heavy weighted average (UHWA). We further generalize these models by using generalized and quasi-arithmetic means obtaining the generalized heavy weighted average (GHWA), the induced generalized HOWA (IGHOWA) and the uncertain IGHOWA (UIGHOWA) operator. Finally, we develop an application of the new approach in a decision-making problem.     

Self-dual morphological operators and filters

The median operator is a nonlinear image transformation celebrated for its noise cleaning capacities. It treats the foreground and background of an image identically, i.e., it is self-dual. Unfortunately, the median operator has one major drawback: it is not idempotent. Even worse, subsequent iterations of a given image may lead to oscillations. This paper describes a general method for the construction of morphological operators which are self-dual. This construction is based upon the concept of a switch operator. Subsequently, the paper treats a class of operators, the so-called activity-extensive operators, which have the intriguing property that every sequence of iterates of a given image is pointwise monotone and therefore convergent. The underlying concept is that of the activity ordering. Every increasing, self-dual operator can be modified in such a way that it becomes activity-extensive. The sequence of iterates of this modification converges to a self-dual morphological filter.     

C语言中自增自减运算符的使用

C语言的内部运算符很丰富,运算符是告诉我们编译程序执行特定算术或逻辑操作的符号。其中,最难理解的是在使用过程中最易得到模棱两可的结果自增自减运算符,对这两个运算符的使用做了详细说明。     

Generalized power aggregation operators and their applications in group decision making

In this paper, we investigate a generalized power average (GPA) operator and its weighted form, which are on the basis of the power average (PA) operator and the generalized mean, and develop a generalized power ordered weighted average (GPOWA) operator based on the power ordered weighted average (POWA) operator. Then, we extend these operators to uncertain environments and present an uncertain generalized power average (UGPA) operator and its weighted form, and an uncertain generalized power ordered weighted average (UGPOWA) operator to aggregate the input arguments taking the form of interval of numerical values. We also extend the GPA operator and the GPOWA operator to intuitionistic fuzzy environment, and obtain the generalized intuitionistic fuzzy power averaging (GIFPA) operator and the generalized intuitionistic fuzzy power ordered weighted averaging (GIFPOWA) operator. Moreover, some properties of these operators are studied. We also present new approaches on the basis of the proposed operators in an example of strategic decision making.     

扩展XML-RL查询代数的设计与实现

XML的迅猛发展使得对XML查询语言的需求进一步地增强,XML查询语言已成为一个新的研究热点。扩展XML-RL查询代数的设计是为了支持具有面向对象特征的查询。其设计思想借鉴了Lore系统的查询代数。因此首先介绍了几种典型的XML查询代数,其次论述了扩展XML-RL查询代数包含的逻辑操作符和物理操作符的设计思想与具体实现算法。     

Quantile-induced vector-based heavy OWA operator and the application in dynamic decision making

To the incentive problems in dynamic decision making, we propose a new type of aggregation operator denoted the quantile-induced vector-based heavy ordered weighted averaging (QI-VHOWA) operator. The main characteristic of the operator is that the arguments are aggregated using the form of vector. Additionally, the decision maker's incentive expectation is integrated into the aggregation process by various segmented incentive coefficients. We calculate the quantile measures of the argument vectors based on the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution method. We determine the QI-VHOWA weighting vector by considering the location position of an alternative's performance as well as the development trend. The primary properties of the operator are discussed, including commutativity, boundness, and monotonicity under certain conditions. Finally, a numerical example regarding the evaluation of employees' performances in multiple periods is provided. The results are compared with that of the vector-based OWA and vector-based weighted arithmetic averaging operators. It is found that the incentive effectiveness of the QI-VHOWA is the most significant. The use of the QI-VHOWA operator is helpful to guide the long-term development of an alternative.     

试析C语言表达式中自加、自减运算

自加、自减运算是C语言中的一个语法难点部分,对于初学者来说一直都是个难题,甚至很多编程高手也会产生困惑。通过实例分析总结了自加、自减运算符的运算规则过程,解析困惑,简洁明了。     

基于自适应选择和变异的改进粒子群算法

针对基本粒子群优化算法搜索精度低和易早熟的缺点,提出了一种基于自适应选择和变异算子的改进粒子群算法。选择算子可提高粒子群的整体适应度,增强粒子群的局部搜索能力;变异算子则能扩大粒子群的搜索范围,防止粒子群陷入局部最优。搜索时,根据全局极值在迭代过程中的变化情况,自适应地调整选择算子和变异算子使粒子群飞向全局最优。典型函数的算例测试表明,改进的粒子群算法较传统算法具有更高的搜索精度和更强的抗早熟能力。     

求解无约束优化问题的知识进化算法及其收敛性分析

针对传统方法的随机盲目性和易陷入局部最优值等缺陷,提出一种求解无约束优化问题的知识进化算法(简称为UOP-KEA),并对算法的全局收敛性进行了分析.该算法的主要思想是:首先建立初始知识库,然后利用传承算子来实现对优秀知识个体的传承,利用创新算子来产生新的知识个体,利用更新算子来更新知识库,从而实现知识的进化,最后从知识库的最优知识个体中获取问题的最优解.将该算法应用于无约束非线性测试函数的最小值优化求解,获得了成功的结果.与遗传算法相比,该算法可以使用较小的种群规模,以较快的速度寻找到全局最优解,表明了它的可行性和有效性.