基于颜色块的半径和角度直方图的图像检索

提出一种基于颜色块的半径直方图和角度直方图的图像检索方法。该方法将图像内容看成由若干颜色块组成的集合,根据每一块颜色块的半径直方图和角度直方图来计算图像间内容的相似度,并进行检索。对Corel图像库的10类图像进行测试,每类取20幅作为查询事例。实验结果表明,该方法与全局直方图、结构量化直方图相比,其平均查准率分别提高了10.3%, 11.9%。     

一种基于颜色的数字图像检索技术研究

传统的基于直方图的图像检索算法对图像颜色空间位置信息无法正确反映,如果两幅图像的直方图相同,就会对检索结果造成误差。鉴于此,本文提出了一种新的图像检索算法,该算法综合了图像的颜色、灰度以及空间信息提取图像特征向量等。先建立图像的颜色直方图和灰度直方图,并进行量化,然后在颜色进行区域检索。通过实验证明,相对于传统的基于直方图的算法,本文提出的新算法,对于检索精度有很大的提高。     

基于局部颜色-空间特征的图像检索方法研究

研究均匀分块颜色直方图和累加颜色直方图的特征提取方式,分析其在考虑颜色统计分布和颜色空间分布问题上的优点和缺点,实现均匀分块颜色直方图和累加颜色直方图特征提取方式的图像检索,并在此基础上对特征提取方式进行改进,提出一种基于HSV非均匀量化分块颜色直方图的算法,并对该算法进行验证。研究结果表明,该算法改善了颜色特征缺乏空间信息的缺点,并验证了基于HSV非均匀量化分块颜色直方图的算法相对于均匀分块颜色直方图和累加颜色直方图有较好的检索精度。     

基于HSV颜色直方图的图像检索算法性能分析

本文给出了利用图像颜色直方图和累加颜色直方图进行图像检索的方法,并对两种算法性能进行分析。算法选用HSV颜色空间模型,首先对HSV分量进行非均匀量化,然后计算图像的颜色直方图和累加颜色直方图,利用欧式距离方法计算待检索图像和图像库中图像的相似度,最终得到检索结果。通过检索时间和查准率来分析算法性能。仿真结果表明,采用累加颜色直方图作为特征来检索图像得到相对稳定的检索性能。     

基于颜色和边缘信息分布的图像检索

提出了一种基于颜色和形状的图像检索方法。该方法首先将图像非等间隔量化到HSV颜色空间,在用SOBEL算子提取图像的梯度图(高频信息)后,根据HSV颜色聚合块,对梯度图进行必要的修剪,最后用不变矩来描述图像的形状特征;而颜色信息则用HSV颜色空间下的颜色直方图来表示。实验结果表明,该算法有较高的查准率,相比于基本颜色块的半径和角度直方图和普通颜色量化直方图,平均查准率分别提高了12.5%和6.6%。     

基于颜色和形状的图像检索

在分析了基于图像颜色信息和空间信息进行图像捡索的基础上，提出了一种新的基于图像颜色和形状的图像检索算法。该算法采用HSI颜色空间，整幅图像首先被划分为具有固定尺寸的分块，对其中的每一分块，提取该分块的主色调作为该分块的颜色特征，对整幅图像采用主色调直方图作为其颜色特征；在对图像形状特征的提取上，针对图像1分量的每一分块，提出了分块平坦度和凹凸度的概念，并利用分块的这两个属性，将图像的分块划分为不同类别，同时采用不同类别分块的直方图作为图像的形状特征。试验表明利用该算法提取的图像的颜色特征和形状特征在进行图像检索时效果显著。     

基于二叉树量化子图像颜色直方图的图像检索

为了解决现有颜色直方图检索技术所存在的鲁棒性较差、特征维数过高等问题,本文提出一种基于图像像素二叉树各层子图像颜色直方图的图像检索方法。该方法首先结合噪声攻击特点,提取出重要的图像像素二叉树各层量化子图像颜色直方图并确定其视觉权值;然后构造出重要图像像素二叉树子图像颜色直方图;最后以重要图像像素二叉树子图像颜色直方图为特征,计算图像间内容的相似度并进行检索。仿真实验表明,该方法不仅能够准确检索出用户所需图像,而且对光照、锐化、模糊等噪声攻击均具有较好的鲁棒性。     

基于多邻域统计矩直方图的彩色图像检索

提出一种创新的基于多邻域统计矩直方图方法(MNSMH)，该方法在量化HSV颜色模型下，计算每个像素点不同邻域的统计矩，对每个邻域统计矩，计算它的归一化直方图．以这些直方图和颜色直方图一起作为图像的特征索引进行彩色图像检索．这些不同邻域矩反映了图像颜色的空间分布信息，而它们的直方图又是对整个图像的全局统计，对图像的平移、旋转和尺度不变．实验结果表明，该方法性能稳定，与两种基于颜色直方图方法相比，能够明显地提高检索率．     

基于边缘颜色分布的图像检索方法

提出了一种新的基于边缘颜色分布的图像检索算法。该算法将不同类型边缘附近的颜色分布作为刻画图像内容的主要特征,设计了一种紧凑的2D边缘颜色直方图来对图像的边缘颜色分布特征进行描述，既利用了局部颜色特征，又考虑了不同类型边缘的空间分布信息，克服了传统颜色直方图不能反映空间信息的缺陷。实验结果表明，该算法与其他同类方法相比，有效地提高了检索性能。     

基于优化颜色直方图的图像检索方法

本文提出了一种改进的颜色直方图图像检索方法.通过对HSV颜色空间的变换,把颜色空间量化为9个区间,在此基础上计算出每种颜色区间的空间分布信息.综合颜色直方图和空间信息作为图像相似性的量度.试验表明,该算法提取的特征数较少,检索速度快,并且准确度较高.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。