钢结构设计规范查询系统的实现

利用Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ的Ｈｅｌｐ机制开发了我国“钢结构设计规范（ＧＢＪ１７－８８）”的计算机辅助查询系统，形成了所谓的“电子规范”。该设计查询系统可以挂接在任何Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ下的钢结构ＣＡＤ系统上，使设计人员在用计算机进行结构设计时，随时可查阅有关设计规定和计算方法，方便了设计规范的使用。     

协同设计的规范处理机制

设计必须符合相应的设计规范。现有ＣＡＤ软件的设计规范处理机制是基于单机上的，不适应网络条件下计算机支持协同工作的需要。本文结合所开发的协同工作信息集成模型ＣＷＩＩＭ，讨论了协同设计的规范处理机制，根据规范的约束性质将其分为设计过程约束和设计参数约束，并将这两种约束分别表示为设计单元和协调规则库。从ＣＷＩＩＭ模拟设计的运行来看，这一处理机制较好地适应了ＣＳＣＷ系统的重构、设计事务的恢复及冲突的识别等     

基于“要求—对象”的起重机设计规范软件系统

文章分析了起重机设计规范和起重机设计ＣＡＤ系统的关系，以及港口起重机行业ＣＡＤ技术的应用情况和对规范软件系统的要求，提出了基于要求进行系统集成的ＣＡＤ系统设计思想。采用面向对象的建模方法，通过对象编程技术和超文本技术的运用，实现了一个符合起重机设计规范ＧＢ３８１１－８３的规范软件原型系统ＣＲＡＮＥＤＲ。     

嵌入式系统规范语言

规范语言是整个嵌入式系统设计方法学的核心。归纳总结了嵌入式系统规范语言的发展过程，并针对当前嵌入式系统的发展趋势。说明了嵌入式系统规范和规范语言的设计需求，进而介绍比较了两种重要的基于C／C＋＋语言的新的规范语言SystemC和SpecC，最后阐述了基于C／C＋＋的规范语言的看法，并展望了未来规范语言的发展。     

基于Web的农村住宅设计资源数据库系统的设计

针对农村住宅设计缺乏开放式设计资源平台的问题,利用ASP.NET和SQL Server2005建立了基于Web的农村住宅设计资源数据库系统.根据规范和图集等主要设计资料的分类特点对其数据进行了合理的组织,在此基础上实现了数据库管理、规范标准全文查询、方案图集分类查询和用户管理等系统功能,以查询实例说明了数据检索的有效性和便捷性.该系统是国内首次形成的农村住宅设计资源信息平台,查询实例表明,数据库系统能对农村住宅设计规范和方案图集进行便捷、有效的检索.     

非线性代数规范的直接实现技术

代数规范是支持软件规格说明和设计的一种有效的方法，代数规范的直接实现技术是该研究领域的一个主要分支，目前这方面的研究基本上局限于线性代数规范，本文介绍一个实现非线性代数规范的转换过程，从该过程可自然是导出针对不同程序设计语言的转换系统，我们已实现了一个基于Ｐａｓｃａｌ语言的转换系统。     

基于可复用IP方法的32位嵌入式微处理器结构设计

介绍了一种基于可复用IP方法进行了32位嵌入式微处理器结构设计的方案。该结构中IP模块均自行设计，接口符合AMBA总线规范。仿真结果表明，设计达到预期的功能要求。     

与航嘉工程师谈电源新规范

关于电源的话题一直被广大DIY玩家所关注．再好的硬件配置离开了电源的支持也只能算是一纸空谈。因此电源设计的每一次改进．规范标准的每一次升级都牵动着广大玩家的神经。最近Intel推出了最新版的ATX12V 2．3电源设计规范．吸引了业界和广大DIY玩家的广泛关注．新规范会对现在的电源市场产生怎样的影响；大家以后在选择电源产品的时候有要注意哪些问题呢？今天我们就请到了航嘉电源的高级设计工程师李庄先生来为大家解读新的电源规范。[编者按]     

基于Lotus Domino／Notes办公自动化系统的设计

文章介绍了基于Lotus Domino/Notes的办公自动化系统的设计思想、结构设计、功能模块设计，并给出了部分功能实现方法的实例。     

嵌入式实时操作系统AutoOSEK的设计

OSEK/VDX规范是一个用于汽车电子、并带有接口的开放式软件规范。基于OSEK/VDX规范，该文介绍了嵌入式实时操作系统AutoOSEK的内核结构，AutoOSEK采用了与“硬件无关”、“硬件相关”部分完全独立的设计架构，讨论了这2个部分的实现方法，分析了系统性能。系统在基于Motorola HCS12系列芯片和ARM内核的多硬件平台中得以实现，并在汽车电子控制系统开发中得到了较好的 应用。     

MSC SimDesigner在产品设计中的作用

MSC SimDesigner是面向设计工程师开发的仿真平台,借助它可以使产品设计流程中的结构设计和工程分析更紧密地结合在一起,从而减少设计失误. 本文通过示例展示基于该仿真平台的创新流程所蕴含的巨大优势.     

Design program for multi-story structures

An efficient and short computer program, STFRD, has been developed to facilitate the structural engineer who is involved in multi-story building design. The program consists of three basic parts. The first part of the program performs a preliminary analysis of a frame section of a building using approximate methods to determine forces due to the loads. The loads will consist of uniform dead, live and wind loads. The second part of the program utilizes an iterative process, using the allowable stresses given by the AISC building specifications, to determine member sizes. The third part of the program consists of a matrix analysis of the frame section to determine actual forces on the members, due to the loads. This analysis is used in conjunction with the AISC building codes to verify the adequacy of the member sizes chosen. The program also has a redesign capability which is used if the preliminary member sizes are not adequate. The entire procedure has been programmed for use on a UNIVAC 1108 computer, FORTRAN IV language. The program may be obtained from the author.     

A formal approach to automating conceptual structural design,part II: Application to floor framing generation

The function of the structural system in a building is to transfer gravity as well as lateral loads from their points of origin to the ground. Floor framing generation involves providing a path to transfer the gravity loads to the ground through various structural elements in an architectural plan while meeting the requirements imposed by other entities, such as the architect, the mechanical engineer, and the contractor, involved in the design/construct process. In this paper a formal approach for generating floor framing plans for steel office buildings is presented. We describe the knowledge and the reasoning behind a computer system, FFG (floor framing generator), which generates floor framing schemes for steel office buildings that are rectangular in plan and have a single service core. Constraints arising from structural as well as exogenous considerations are enumerated and their effect on framing schemes is identified. We also elaborate on the evaluation mechanism for ranking alternative schemes, in addition to providing details of the computer implementation.     

A geometric modelling framework for conceptual structural design from early digital architectural models

Computer support for conceptual structural design is still ineffective. This is due, in part, to the fact that current computer applications do not recognize that structural design and architectural design are highly interdependent processes, particularly at the early stages. The goal of this research is to assist structural engineers at the conceptual stage with early digital architectural models. This paper presents a geometric modeling framework for facilitating the engineers’ interactions with architectural models in order to detect potential structural problems, uncover opportunities, respect constraints, and ultimately synthesize structural solutions interactively with architectural models. It consists of a process model, a representation model and synthesis algorithms to assist the engineer on demand at different stages of the design process. The process model follows a top-down approach for design refinements. The representation model describes the structural system as a hierarchy of entities with architectural counterparts. The algorithms rely on geometric and topologic relationships between entities in the architectural model and a partial structural model to help advance the synthesis process. A prototype system called StAr (Structure-Architecture) implements this framework. A case study illustrates how the framework can be used to support the conceptual structural design process.     

Urban structures for lower-cost housing projects

The use of computers in the analysis and design of individual structures is known and widely used in practice. There are many operational computer programs such as ICES-STRUDL, ELAS, NASTRAN, WANG, and others which are readily available at the computation centers around the world. These programs are able to perform the analysis, either by direct stiffness method or by finite element technique of various structures and some of these programs will carry the study into complete design. The profession of structural engineering is fortunate to have an access to such a wealthy software library.The theme of this paper is not to deal with any individual computer program applicable to a particular structural unit, but to integrate the analysis and design computer programs with the total analysis and design of a housing project in an urban area. This concept defines an INTEGRATED SYSTEMS APPROACH to total analysis and design. The value of this approach stems from the fact that a structural engineer can not develop an efficient design for a structure in an urban project unless he is fully aware of all pertinent factors which are related to his structural unit. The Integrated Systems Approach will secure an optimum design for the project.Since one of the major concerns of our civilization is the provision of decent lower-cost housing for every citizen, structural engineers need to participate in this great endeavor by extending the application of their technical knowledge to its solution. Due to the size and complexity of the problem, the use of the computers is imperative. The Integrated Systems Approach is defined by a set of individual computer programs linked together. The structural analysis and design programs incorporated in this system use the data generated by the other general project study programs. It is obvious that the structural programs form the major part of the programming system. The Integrated Systems Approach to analysis and design stresses the point that the structural engineer should not consider only the factors for an optimum solution from the points of view of strength, durability and materials used. He has to be aware of other very pertinent socio-economic factors to develop a design to be happily accepted by the public.     

Interactive analysis and design of steel frames using the AISC specification

A number of computer programs are available for the analysis of frames and for the design, according to certain codes, of the individual members of such frames. This paper describes the integration of a plane frame analysis program and the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) column design program with interactive computer graphics to provide a complete system for the interactive analysis and design of steel building frames.The user of the program has the option of allowing computer controlled interation between analysis and design to produce a fully stressed design or he may select complete man-machine interaction for control of the analysis-design process. The use of interactive computer graphics displays aids the engineer in interpreting the large bulk of data needed for input and produced by the analysis and design algorithms.     

Performance based earthquake evaluation of reinforced concrete buildings using design of experiments

Seismic resiliency of new buildings has improved over the years due to enhancements in seismic codes and design practices. However, existing buildings designed and built under earlier codes are vulnerable and require a performance-based screening and retrofit prioritization. The performance modifiers considered are soft story, weak story, and the quality of construction, which are collated through a walk down survey. The building evaluation is performed through a pushover analysis, and performance objective are obtained through initial stiffness of the pushover curve. Using a design of experiments technique, a reliable system input-output relation has been identified and used to evaluate the performance criteria at untried design points (i.e., buildings with different modifier values). The proposed method of performance based evaluation is illustrated through consideration of the different structural deficiencies on a typical six-storey reinforced concrete building in Vancouver. Through the designed experiments, the main and interaction effects of the performance modifiers have also been studied.     

基于BDD 的自动化测试框架研究

敏捷开发模式的盛行掀起了自动化测试的一轮热潮,测试和开发合作越来越密切。本文研究的自动化测试框 架,将BDD 的敏捷开发理念与软件测试相融合,通过统一的Gherkin 语言定义验收测试标准,帮助业务人员、测试人员和开发 人员形成对需求明确统一的认识,然后通过web driver 测试代码实现可执行的验收测试,以TDD 的方式实现产品代码。该框 架使用Specflow、Selenium 和MsTest 等测试工具,真正实现了自动化测试,大大减少了手工测试的压力,促进开发测试过程中 软件开发涉众之间的沟通,及时得到用户反馈,满足快速发布产品的需求,提升产品质量。     

A CAD system for building structures in ‘BUILDING RC/SRC/S’

A CAD software system is described for the structural design of buildings. While generally similar to GENESYS-RC-BUILDING/1 of England and DEMOS-E of Japan, this system allows for greater freedom of design than the above two systems. As the system is intended for the design of buildings in Japan, a country prone to strong earthquakes, special care is paid to ensure aseismic designs. The system is designed to comply with the basic requirements of the Japanese building codes and structural standards and can be applied to the structural design of reinforced concrete, steel-reinforced concrete and steel structures.