基于RDBMS的知识表示及其实现

本文描述了目前几种常用的知识表示形式,介 绍了利用RDBMS表达存储知识的方法,并在ORACLE环境下给出其相应的实现形式．     

分布式知识库系统DKBS/TH-1的研究与实现

本文在对知识的系统化组织与管理的基础上,对分布式知识库的体系结构、知识的分布查询和问题的分布求解等功能和机制进行了讨论,并介绍了一个具体的分布式知识库系统DKBS/TH-1的实现情况,具有一定的灵活性和适用性。     

On the use of dynamic feedback in knowledge base system design

The problems of the physical design of knowledge base systems is discussed. A basic architecture for adding monitoring and reorganization software to knowledge base management systems is presented. This software uses dynamic feedback from the system to restructure the physical representation of data. Examples of the incorporation of monitoring and reorganization software into existing systems are given.     

OKMF: 一个基于本体论的知识管理系统框架

根据知识管理的工作原理、功能结构和知识在企事业中的全过程，提出将知识过程分为俘获、保存和重用三个阶段，用知识的转化和连接机制衔接这三个环节，本体论贯穿始终．设计了一个此理论下的基于本体论的知识管理系统基本框架——OKMF，对于将本体翻译为元知识结构、基于本体论的知识项检索以及人与知识的连接机制等方面，进行了比较系统和深入的论述，探讨了框架中的主要技术并给出了一个系统实例。     

Networked Knowledge and Complex Networks: An Engineering View

Along with the development of information technologies such as mobile Internet, information acquisition technology, cloud computing and big data technology, the traditional knowledge engineering and knowledge-based software engineering have undergone fundamental changes where the network plays an increasingly important role. Within this context, it is required to develop new methodologies as well as technical tools for network-based knowledge representation, knowledge services and knowledge engineering. Obviously, the term “network” has different meanings in different scenarios. Meanwhile, some breakthroughs in several bottleneck problems of complex networks promote the developments of the new methodologies and technical tools for network-based knowledge representation, knowledge services and knowledge engineering. This paper first reviews some recent advances on complex networks, and then, in conjunction with knowledge graph, proposes a framework of networked knowledge which models knowledge and its relationships with the perspective of complex networks. For the unique advantages of deep learning in acquiring and processing knowledge, this paper reviews its development and emphasizes the role that it played in the development of knowledge engineering. Finally, some challenges and further trends are discussed.      

An integrated system for knowledge sharing among heterogeneous knowledge derivation systems

Solving problems in a complex application domain often requires a seamles integration of some existing knowledge derivation systems which have been independently developed for solving subproblems using different inferencing schemes. This paper presents the design and implementation of an Integrated Knowledge Derivation System (IKDS) which allows the user to query against a global database containing data derivable by the rules and constraints of a number of cooperative heterogeneous systems. The global knowledge representation scheme, the global knowledge manipulation language and the global knowledge processing mechanism of IKDS are described in detail. For global knowledge representation, the dynamic aspects of knowledge such as derivational relationships and restrictive dependencies among data items are modeled by a Function Graph to uniformly represent the capabilities (or knowledge) of the rule-based systems, while the usual static aspects such as data items and their structural interrelationships are modeled by an object-oriented model. For knowledge manipulation, three types of high-level, exploratory queries are introduced to allow the user to query the global knowledge base. For deriving the best global answers for queries, the global knowledge processing mechanism allows the rules and constraints in different component systems to be indiscriminately exploited despite the incompatibilities in their inferencing mechanisms and interpretation schemes. Several key algorithms required for the knowledge processing mechanism are described in this paper. The main advantage of this integration approach is that rules and constraints can in effect be shared among heterogeneous rule-based systems so that they can freely exchange their data and operate as parts of a single system. IKDS achieves the integration at the rule level instead of at the system level. It has been implemented in C running in a network of heterogenous component systems which contain three independently developed expert systems with different rule formats and inferencing mechanisms.Database Systems Research and Development Center, Department of Computer Information Sciences, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Florida     

生成式程序设计研究概述

随着软件规模越来越大、软件复杂度越来越高,如何高效地开发出高质量的软件以及如何有效地维护和更新软件都是当前软件方法学研究所关注的重点。为了实现这一目标,已经陆续出现一些有效的方法和技术。Krzysztof Czarnecki和U．Eisenecker融合先进方法和技术的精髓,提出了一种新的软件工程范型——生成式程序设计：基于为软件系统族进行建模,对给定的需求规格说明,利用配置知识,把基本的可重用构件根据需求进行自动化的配置以产生高定制、优化的软件产品。生成式程序设计的基础是面向系统族的生成式领域模型,该模型包括三个基本成分：问题域、解域和连接这两个域的配置知识。生成式程序设计包含两个开发周期：一个是设计和实现生成式领域模型,即支持重用的开发;另一个是利用生成式领域模型生产出具体的软件系统,也即利用重用的开发。本文将详细地介绍此软件工程范型的分析与设计方法和实现技术。     

Knowledge engineering

Computer-based information retrieval has been a primary area of study in information processing for the past eighteen years. Today, our concern extends far beyond conventional information retrieval. One of the major problems in information processing is automated knowledge transfer and utilization, which is a key factor in productivity improvement. Knowledge engineering is a field of scientific endeavor in which the primary goal is to develop techniques and methodologies for achieving automated knowledge transfer and utilization. The objective of this paper is to stimulate research and development in this important field by clarifying the problem concepts and proposing some approaches. The paper concludes with a discussion of the MEDIKS, which is an operational computer system demonstrating certain aspects of automated knowledge transfer and utilization, and proposes the organization of a decision support system which is designed on the basis of knowledge engineering principles.     

语义图像检索研究进展

语义图像检索已成为解决图像简单视觉特征和用户检索丰富语义之间存在的“语义鸿沟”问题的关键。从图像语义描述方式、图像语义抽取方法和语义检索系统设计3个方面对语义图像检索的研究状况进行了分析和研究;讨论了面向对象的图像内容模型和图像语义表示问题;对利用系统知识的提取、根据用户交互的提取和利用外部信息源的语义生成等具有代表性的语义处理方法进行了阐述;介绍了系统设计中用户界面和语义处理的不同方式,最后从对象识别、语义抽取规则、用户检索模型和图像检索性能评价标准4个方面剖析了实现图像语义处理所面临的困难,并提出了一些初步解决思路。     

软件知识库中数据挖掘技术研究

当前,软件系统的复杂度和规模也随着处理信息的增多而不断扩大,其开发和应用越来越困难,将软件工程项目的研究过程中产生的数据(软件知识库)抽取出有价值的信息可以帮助研发人员更好地实现软件,增强软件系统的功能和稳定性,是目前学术界研究的一个热点。