基于经验模态分解的WVD交叉项抑制法

针对Wigner-Ville分布(WVD)存在交叉项的问题,提出一种基于经验模态分解(EMD)的WVD交叉项抑制方法,将EMD得到的各固有模态函数去伪后进行WVD计算,将WVD分析结果线性叠加后重构出原始信号的WVD时频分布。仿真结果表明,该方法能有效抑制时频分布的交叉项,保证WVD的时频聚集性,分析信号的调幅调频现象。     

基于改进HHT的脉搏信号分析方法

利用传统希尔伯特-黄变换(HHT)处理脉搏信号时,经验模态分解(EMD)分解精度低,并且存在模态混叠问题。为此,提出一种改进的HHT方法。结合时变滤波(TVF)对脉搏信号进行EMD得到一系列本征模态函数(IMF),采用相关系数法提取有效的IMF分量,并对其运用希尔伯特变换得到脉搏信号的Hilbert谱和边际谱。实验结果表明,该方法可提高分解精度,有效解决模态混叠问题,同时去除信号中的干扰成分,得到的Hilbert谱和边际谱能够准确反映脉搏信号的时频特性。     

经验模态分解及其模态混叠消除的研究进展

由Huang提出的经验模态分解(Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD)算法是一种数据驱动的自适应非线性时变信号分析方法,可以把数据分解成具有物理意义的少数几个固有模态函数(Intrinsic Mode Function,IMF)分量。然而模态混叠会导致错假的时频分布,使IMF失去物理意义,严重影响了EMD分解的准确性与实用性。分别针对一维和多维EMD抑制模态混叠,总结归纳了相关研究取得的主要成果,指出了各方法抑制效果的改进及仍有的不足。最后讨论了相关研究及应用未来的发展趋势。     

基于改进方法EEMD的HHT脉搏信号分析

针对传统希尔伯特-黄变换(Hilbert-Huang Transform.HHT)中经验模态分解(EmpiricalMode Decomposition.EMD)存在的模态混叠问题,提出一种基于总体经验模态分解(Ensemble EmpiricalMode Function.EEMD)的脉搏信号分析方法.谊方法通过对原...     

一种改进的经验模态分解方法

针对经验模态分解中存在的端点效应及模态混叠现象,提出一种新的改进方法。利用镜像延拓方法对信号两端数据进行延拓后,结合余弦窗函数以解决端点效应对分解结果的影响,再利用高频谐波法结合掩膜信号法抑制EMD分解过程中存在的模态混叠。通过实验对比验证了该方法的有效可行性。     

基于自相关和经验模态分解的转子碰摩故障分析

针对转子故障振动信号具有周期性的特点,提出一种用于分离转子故障振动信号的新方法,该方法首先应用自相关处理对振动信号进行降噪处理,然后采用经验模态分解(EMD)对振动信号进行分解,得出各个本征模态函数(IMF),并对IMF进行频谱分析,从频谱图上可以清晰地观察出转子的故障特征频率.试验结果表明,振动信号经自相关处理后起到了很好的降噪效果,碰摩所产生的冲击信号上下不对称;EMD分解方法能有效地突出故障特征频率成分,该方法可广泛用于旋转机械振动信号时频分析领域.     

经验模态分解频率分辨率的一种改进方法

针对传统的经验模态分解（Empirical Mode Decomposition,EMD）中由于信号间的相互作用造成的单个固有模态分量带宽过大的问题,提出使用改进的掩蔽信号并结合增加筛选过程迭代次数的方法来对其进行改进。研究了迭代次数与EMD频率区分能力的关系;提出了一种改进掩蔽信号的方法,采用自适应加权的方式构造掩蔽信号的频率,权值的选择基于分离误差最小化的准则。仿真实验表明,对具有不同幅度比与频率比的信号,提出的改进方法能够有效地提高EMD的频率分辨能力。     

模态参数辨识在压力开关同步检测中的应用

在介绍压力开关同步时间检测方案的基础上,提出了一种基于Laplace小波匹配的经验模式分解(EMD)模态参数辨识法.以汽车空调用的压力开关作为研究对象,采用锤击激励法和白噪声激励法进行了开关膜片翻转振动识别试验.结果证明:该方法能有效地克服白噪声和脉冲噪声干扰,在多模态混叠和模态密集的情况下仍能准确提取出特征模态参数,...     

EEMD分解在电力系统故障信号检测中的应用

针对经验模态分解(EMD)的希尔伯特-黄变换(HHT)在电力系统故障信号检测问题,应用存在的模态混叠会导致扰动信号检测失效,为此提出一种基于聚类经验模型分解(EEMD)的故障信号检测的方法。方法通过多次对目标数据加入随机白噪声序列以保证不同区域信号映射的完整性,并且克服了传统EMD分解造成的模态混叠问题,通过EEMD方法提取信号的固有模态函数(IMF),再进行Hilbert变换,利用Hilbert谱对故障暂态和扰动时刻进行检测,通过瞬时频率实现对故障暂态和扰动时刻的准确定位。通过数字仿真分析表明,方法是准确有效的。     

经验模态分解神经网络的研究与应用

为更有效对非线性信号进行识别,提出一种经验模态分解神经网络模型,实现经验模态分解算法与卷积神经网络模型的紧耦合.在EMD层利用经验模态分解算法完成信号的自适应分解;引入权重参数,将分解得到的本征模函数依据其对识别的重要性进行自适应加权重构提取特征,增强时域特征提取能力;将提取的特征通过Softmax层完成信号的识别.将该网络模型应用于美国麻省理工学院提供的MIT-BIH心律失常数据库,对心律失常信号的识别准确率为99.38％,高于其它算法的识别准确率,验证了该模型的有效性.     

H.264/SVC mode decision based on mode correlation and desired mode list

Design of video encoders involves implementation of fast mode decision (FMD) algorithm to reduce computation complexity while maintaining the performance of the coding. Although H.264/scalable video coding (SVC) achieves high scalability and coding efficiency, it also has high complexity in implementing its exhaustive computation. In this paper, a novel algorithm is proposed to reduce the redundant candidate modes by making use of the correlation among layers. A desired mode list is created based on the probability to be the best mode for each block in base layer and a candidate mode selection in the enhancement layer by the correlations of modes among reference frame and current frame. Our algorithm is implemented in joint scalable video model (JSVM) 9.19.15 reference software and the performance is evaluated based on the average encoding time, peak signal to noise ration (PSNR) and bit rate. The experimental results show 41.89% improvement in encoding time with minimal loss of 0.02 dB in PSNR and 0.05% increase in bit rate.     

主动队列管理中P I 字节模式和包模式

主动队列管理(AQM)是近年来TCP端到端拥塞控制的一个研究热点，其中PI拥塞控制机制是建立在RED拥塞控制基础上的一种控制机制．PI机制基于两种方法控制网络拥塞现象：跟踪实时队列长度及拥塞情况下以一定概率丢弃到达队列的数据包．以上方法的计算可以基于包数目或字节数，而方法选择的不同对网络会产生不同的影响．仿真量化性地测定使用不同队列计算和标注方法情况下对通信性能产生的影响．同时，PI控制器与RED控制器在相同模式和参数设置下进行比较，可显示出PI控制具有一定的优越性．     

Higher order sliding mode control based on integral sliding mode

A higher order sliding mode control scheme for uncertain nonlinear systems is proposed in the present paper. It is shown that the problem is equivalent to the finite time stabilization of higher order input-output dynamics with bounded uncertainties (r∈N). The controller uses integral sliding mode concept and contains two parts. A part achieves finite time stabilization of the higher order input-output dynamics without uncertainties. The other part rejects bounded uncertainties throughout the entire response of the system. As a result, a higher order sliding mode is established. The advantages of the method are that its implementation is easy, the time convergence is chosen in advance and the robustness is ensured. An illustrative example of a car control shows the applicability of the method.     

Partial ensemble approach to resolve the mode mixing of extreme-point weighted mode decomposition

Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) is an effective tool for breaking down components (modes) of a nonlinear and non-stationary signal. Recently, a newly adaptive signal decomposition method, namely extreme-point weighted mode decomposition (EWMD), was put forward to improve the performance of EMD, in particular, to resolve the over- or undershooting issue associated with the large amplitude variations. However, similar to EMD, EWMD also suffers the mode mixing problem caused by intermittence or noisy signals. In this paper, inspired by complementary ensemble EMD (CEEMD), a noise-assisted data analysis method called partial ensemble extreme-point weighted mode decomposition (PEEWMD) is proposed to eliminate the mode mixing problem and enhance the performance of EWMD. In the proposed PEEWMD method, firstly white noises in pairs are added to the targeted signal and then the noisy signals are decomposed using the EWMD method to obtain the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) in the first several stages. Secondly, permutation entropy is employed to detect the components that cause mode mixing. The residual signal is obtained after the identified components are separated from the original signal. Lastly, the residual signal is fully decomposed by using the EWMD method. The proposed PEEWMD method is compared with original EWMD, ensemble EWMD (EEWMD) and CEEMD using simulated signals. The results demonstrate that PEEWMD can effectively restrain the mode mixing issue and generates IMFs with much better performance. Based on that the PEEWMD and envelope power spectrum based fault diagnosis method was proposed and applied to the rubbing fault identification of rotor system and the fault diagnosis of rolling bearing with inner race. The result indicates that the proposed method of fault diagnosis gets much better effect than EMD and EWMD.     

Sliding mode control of discrete‐time switched systems subject to mode delays

This work considers the sliding mode control problem of a class of discrete‐time uncertain switched systems subject to detecting‐delay on mode signals, which may result in the asynchronous phenomenon between the controller and the switched system. Since the mode information of the controlled system is not available for the controller in time, a mode‐independent sliding surface will be introduced, by which an asynchronous sliding mode controller is designed, whose control gain and robust parameter will be changing according to the controller mode. In the analysis on the stability of the closed‐loop control system and the reachability of the specified sliding surface, the asynchronous characteristics are detailedly investigated. It is shown that the Lyapunov function may be not always decreasing along the state trajectories during the unmatched interval of controller modes and system modes. Nevertheless, it is proven that the state trajectories can be driven into a sliding region around the specified sliding surface in finite time. Finally, some numerical simulation results are provided.     

Second-order terminal sliding mode control for hypersonic vehicle in cruising flight with sliding mode disturbance observer

This paper focuses on the design of nonlinear robust controller and disturbance observer for the longitudinal dynamics of a hypersonic vehicle (HSV) in the presence of parameter uncertainties and external disturbances. First, by combining terminal sliding mode control (TSMC) and second-order sliding mode control (SOSMC) approach, the secondorder terminal sliding control (2TSMC) is proposed for the velocity and altitude tracking control of the HSV. The 2TSMC possesses the merits of both TSMC and SOSMC, which can provide fast convergence, continuous control law and hightracking precision. Then, in order to increase the robustness of the control system and improve the control performance, the sliding mode disturbance observer (SMDO) is presented. The closed-loop stability is analyzed using the Lyapunov technique. Finally, simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, as well as the improved overall performance over the conventional sliding mode control (SMC).     

Empirical mode decomposition on skeletonization pruning

This paper presents a novel skeleton pruning approach based on a 2D empirical mode like decomposition (EMD-like). The EMD algorithm can decompose any nonlinear and non-stationary data into a number of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). When the object contour is decomposed by empirical mode like decomposition (EMD-like), the IMFs of the object provide a workspace with very good properties for obtaining the object's skeleton. The theoretical properties and the performed experiments demonstrate that the obtained skeletons match to hand-labeled skeletons provided by human subjects. Even in the presence of significant noise and shape variations, cuts and tears, the resulted skeletons have the same topology as the original skeletons. In particular, the proposed approach produces no spurious branches as many existing skeleton pruning methods and moreover, does not displace the skeleton points, which are all centers of maximal disks.     

Adaptive sliding mode control and observation

ABSTRACT

This editorial article gives a short introduction to Special Issue of International Journal of Control on Adaptive Sliding Mode Control and Observation.     

基于高阶滑模观测器的自适应时变滑模再入姿态控制

针对再入飞行器鲁棒姿态控制问题, 提出一种基于高阶滑模观测器的自适应时变滑模控制器设计方法. 首先, 设计了一种时变滑模面, 并在此基础上推导了相应的时变滑模控制律, 其中滑模控制中切换增益通过一种自适应算法获得, 消除了控制器设计过程中对系统不确定性上界已知的要求; 然后, 利用高阶滑模观测器对控制器设计过程中用到的姿态角导数信息进行观测, 同时能够获得系统扰动估计值, 从而构造一种基于观测器的控制器形式; 最后, 通过仿真验证了所提出的控制算法在提高再入飞行器姿态控制精度以及系统鲁棒性方面的有效性.