基于混合统计模型的中文基本名词短语识别

采用一种基于混合统计模型的方法来实现中文基本名词短语识别。首先简要分析目前的研究现状,明确中文Base NP识别的任务,然后采用以基于转换的标注和条件随机域模型为底层,支持向量机模型为高层的混合统计模型来进行中文BaseNP的识别。在ACE2005中文语料上的实验表明,F值比使用单一模型提高了1.37%,达到了88.67%,能提高中文基本名词短语的识别性能。     

中文指代消解名词短语的识别

指代消解技术是自动文章的关键,介绍了指代消解的研究方式,分析了中文指代消解目前研究现状,并且详细阐述了语料库和所使用的此类标记,同时提出了名词短语识别和标记符号,分析了中文名词短语的确定与英文的不同,对中文指代消解的前期语料的处理和后期应用作了很好的介绍。     

基于简单名词短语的汉语介词短语识别研究

该文提出一种融入简单名词短语信息的介词短语识别方法。该方法首先使用CRF模型识别语料中的简单名词短语,并使用转换规则对识别结果进行校正,使其更符合介词短语的内部短语形式;然后依据简单名词短语识别结果对语料进行分词融合;最后,通过多层CRFs模型对测试语料进行介词短语识别,并使用规则进行校正。介词短语识别的精确率、召回率及F-值分别为: 93.02%、92.95%、92.99%,比目前发表的最好结果高1.03个百分点。该实验结果表明基于简单名词短语的介词短语识别算法的有效性。
     

基于马尔科夫逻辑网的中文专利最大名词短语识别

缺少标注语料和难以识别动词和名词类是阻碍中文专利最大名词短语识别的主要问题。针对上述问题,该文提出了一种基于马尔科夫逻辑网的中文最大名词短语识别方法。该方法避免对开放类的名词短语的识别,而将主要精力放在了相对封闭的分隔符的识别上,利用句子自身特征、领域迁移特征以及双语对齐特征来识别最大名词短语的边界。结果说明,双语信息较好地促进了动词、介词、连词等MNP边界的识别。MNP识别的F值可达83.27%。     

基于英汉平行语料库术语词典的自动抽取

该文提出了一种从英汉平行语料库中自动抽取术语词典的算法。采用的是已对齐好的双语语料,中文经过了分词处理。利用英文和中文词性标注工具对英文语料和中文语料分辨进行词性标注。统计双语语料库中的名词和名词短语生成候选术集。然后对每个英文候选术语计算与其相关的中文翻译间的翻译概率。再通过设定阈值过滤掉一些与该英文候选词无关的中文翻译,最后通过贪心算法选取概率最大的词作为该英文候选词的中文翻译。     

基于英汉平行语料库术语词典的自动抽取

该文提出了一种从英汉平行语料库中自动抽取术语词典的算法。采用的是已对齐好的双语语料,中文经过了分词处理。利用英文和中文词性标注工具对英文语料和中文语料分辨进行词性标注。统计双语语料库中的名词和名词短语生成候选术集。然后对每个英文候选术语计算与其相关的中文翻译间的翻译概率。再通过设定阈值过滤掉一些与该英文候选词无关的中文翻译,最后通过贪心算法选取概率最大的词作为该英文候选词的中文翻译。     

基于最大熵模型的英文名词短语指代消解

提出了一种新颖的基于语料库的英文名词短语指代消解算法,该算法不仅能解决传统的代词和名词／名词短语间的指代问题,还能解决名词短语间的指代问题。同时,利用最大熵模型,可以有效地综合各种互不相关的特征,算法在MUC7公开测试语料上F值达到了60．2％,极为接近文献记载的该语料库上F值的最优结果61．8％。     

汉语最长名词短语的自动识别

通过对包含5573个汉语句子的语料文本中的最长名词短语的分布特点的统计分析,提出了两种有效的汉语最长名词短语自动识别算法：基于边界分布概率的识别算法和基于内部结构组合的识别算法.实验结果显示,后者的识别正确率和召回率分别达到了85.4%和82.3%,取得了较好的自动识别效果.     

基于最大熵模型的中文名词短语识别

中文名词短语识别在自然语言处理已经得到了广泛应用。该文首先对名词短语识别问题进行描述,然后利用最大熵模型建立名词短语识别系统,通过实验选取最大熵模型的特征,最后利用选取的特征进行名词短语识别,实验结果表明系统达到了较高的准确率和召回率。     

基于自学习的汉语开放域命名实体边界识别

命名实体识别是自然语言处理领域的一个重要任务,为许多上层应用提供支持。本文主要研究汉语开放域命名实体边界的识别。由于目前该任务尚缺乏训练语料,而人工标注语料的代价又太大,本文首先基于双语平行语料和英语句法分析器自动标注了一个汉语专有名词语料,另外基于汉语依存树库生成了一个名词复合短语语料,然后使用自学习方法将这两部分语料融合形成命名实体边界识别语料,同时训练边界识别模型。实验结果表明自学习的方法可以提高边界识别的准确率和召回率。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate