基于弱磁的钢丝绳探伤技术研究

依据磁荷分析理论,建立了钢丝绳断丝磁偶极子模型,计算了单丝断口处漏磁场的分布规律。采用正交设计方法对激磁回路参数进行了实验研究,确定了弱磁磁化系统的基本结构与基本参数,实现了磁化与检测的一体化设计。依据弱磁激励情况下钢丝绳缺欠处的漏磁场强度,选择了高灵敏度MR01型磁阻式传感器;给出了多种断丝形态的实测曲线。实验结果表明,基于MR01型磁阻式传感器的钢丝绳磁检测系统,不仅能够实现对小尺寸断口缺陷的有效检测,而且可用于剩磁检测,为钢丝绳探伤技术的发展提供了有价值的科学依据。     

三峡升船机钢丝绳断丝与磨损检测原理及实现

根据三峡升船机钢丝绳的使用特点，提出了三峡升船机钢丝绳检测的原理与方法，采用周向多回路对钢丝绳轴向励磁，利用漏磁场原理检测钢丝绳断丝，磁桥回路检测钢丝绳磨损量，并实现在一个传感器中对断丝和磨损两种缺陷信息的综合检测。在信号处理方面设计了相应的电路和软件，实现了缺陷的定量分析。     

三峡升船机钢丝绳断丝与磨损检测原理与实现

根据三峡升船机钢丝绳的使用特点，提出了三峡升船机钢丝绳检测的原理与方法，采用周向多回路对钢丝绳轴向励磁，利用漏磁场原理检测钢丝绳断丝，磁桥回路检测钢丝绳磨损量，并实现在一个传感器中对断丝和磨损两种缺陷信息的综合检测。在信号处理方面设计了相应的电路和软件，实现了缺陷的定量分析。     

隧道磁电阻传感器在钢丝绳无损检测中的应用

基于隧道磁电阻(TMR)传感器的钢丝绳无损检测设计,利用TMR传感器高敏感度、高信噪比的优点,对与钢丝绳材料和结构相似的缺陷钢棒进行检测,通过TMR传感器不同的布局方式对缺陷钢棒的漏磁场进行实验,确定出漏磁场的最佳检测方向和最优提离距离;对实验结果进行理论模型分析,然后利用得到的最优方案对不同直径、存在内外部不同损伤缺陷的钢丝绳进行实例检测,验证TMR传感器对钢丝绳缺陷的识别能力和在钢丝绳无损检测应用中的优势,为钢丝绳无损检测提供一种新的检测技术方法。     

一种钢丝绳自动检测装置的设计

为了克服钢丝绳人为检测法误差大、判断不可靠的缺点,根据漏磁法和磁桥路检测原理,并在集成霍尔元件和LCD矩阵式键盘的基础上,开发了一种既可在线进行钢丝绳断丝位置、断丝根数判别,又可与PC机联机工作实现智能化检测诊断的高精度钢丝绳缺陷检测装置。     

航母阻拦系统中钢索漏磁检测试验研究

航母阻拦系统中钢索健康状态对于航母舰载机的回收安全至关重要,为有效检测钢索损伤缺陷,保障阻拦系统安全可靠运行,对钢索进行损伤检测试验。搭建钢索检测试验平台,基于漏磁检测技术,采用永磁磁化方式,将电感元件与霍尔元件相结合制作环装阵列传感器,并制作断丝缺陷与截面积损伤缺陷,进行检测试验研究。结果表明:在搭建的检测试验平台条件下,使用所设置的传感器能够有效检测出所制作的钢索损伤缺陷,并具有较好的信噪比及可重复性,为航母阻拦系统中钢索的检测提供一种无损检测方法。     

一种多提离值的金属磁记忆检测方法

金属磁记忆检测技术是一种新型的无损检测技术,它利用金属的磁记忆效应来确定构件的缺陷区域.检测中由于一些构件表面感应磁场信号不平滑,存在与缺陷信号相似的磁场特征和梯度表现,容易造成漏判或误判.为了区分这两种信号,通过建立磁偶极子模型,分析了缺陷在材料表面或近表面的情况下检测提离值对磁信号的影响,发现在提离值改变时感应磁场和缺陷漏磁场存在不同的表现.根据这一现象,提出多提离值检测方法进行精确定位.通过对钢板进行实验验证了该方法的有效性.     

焊接微缺陷磁光成像检测有限元分析

目的 研究铁磁材料焊接微缺陷的磁光成像规律.方法 运用漏磁检测原理和法拉第磁致旋光效应,建立微缺陷三维有限元模型,分析微缺陷磁光成像过程与磁场之间的关联,研究不同提离值、励磁电流、缺陷宽度、缺陷深度下的磁光成像,以及探索这些因素对磁光图像特征的影响.在此基础上,对最小宽度为0.05 mm的微缺陷进行磁光成像检测实验,并...     

ERW管焊缝缺陷漏磁检测方法可行性分析

介绍了现有由轴向磁化和周向磁化检测技术组合构成的相对螺旋扫查式钢管漏磁检测方法,分析了该方法对ERW管焊缝缺陷检测的困难所在:相对螺旋扫查方式所形成的周期性焊缝信号掩盖了其上的缺陷信号,并且在漏磁叠加场的根源上难以区分.针对此问题,提出一种单一轴向磁化下的轴向直线扫查式ERW管焊缝漏磁检测方法,并通过实验和有限元法对其可行性进行了论证分析,在发现单一轴向磁化下钢管纵向伤可形成漏磁场并被观察出的基础上,对ERW管焊缝上最难以检出的人工纵向伤进行检测试验,最终表明:ERW管焊缝缺陷在单一轴向磁化下的漏磁检测方法具有可行性.     

高噪下的钢丝绳断丝定量检测

研究高噪情况下的钢丝绳断丝定量检测信号处理。利用时域与频域相结合的处理算法实现断丝的特征提取，采用这些方法对高噪下的钢丝绳磁检测信号进行处理，能够清楚地区分噪声和损伤信号。该方法运算量小，适合于实时在线的钢丝绳检测。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.