废聚丙烯/滑石粉/三单体固相接枝共聚物复合体系的性能

采用固相接枝法,合成了聚丙烯(PP)与三种单体甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、马来酸酐(MAH)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)的接枝共聚物PP-g-MMA/MAH/BA,将该接枝物应用于废聚丙烯(PP)/滑石粉填充体系,研究接枝物对体系的力学性能、微观形态、热性能等的影响。结果表明,在废PP中加入滑石粉进行填充改性,在一定用量的三单体接枝物作用下,废PP的力学性能及热性能有所改善。     

BA-OSS-ST高吸油凝胶的合成及性能EI北大核心CSCD

以γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-570)水解缩聚所得的反应型低聚硅氧烷(OSS)为交联剂,丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、苯乙烯(ST)为共聚单体,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,通过本体聚合合成了高吸油凝胶。考察了单体配比、引发剂用量、交联剂用量对其吸油性能的影响。结果表明,随单体质量比(m(ST)/m(BA))、交联剂用量、引发剂用量的增加,凝胶的吸油率先增大后减小;当单体质量比(m(ST)/m(BA))为1∶2,m(交联剂)/m(BA+ST)=0.208/100、m(引发剂)/m(BA+ST)=1.5/100时,在55℃反应12 h所合成的吸油凝胶吸油性能最好,对氯仿的吸油率达到66.2g/g,保油率达到90%以上,可以重复使用10次以上。     

AM/MMA-BX交联型接枝共聚物的合成与表征

以蔗渣木聚糖(BX)为主要原料,过硫酸铵为引发剂,N′,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBAM)为交联剂,在水溶液中与丙烯酰胺(AM)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)接枝共聚,合成了AM/MMA-BX交联型接枝共聚物。考察了BX与混合单体(AM-MMA)质量比、单体配比、引发剂浓度、反应温度、反应时间、反应体系溶剂用量、交联剂MBAM用量等对单体转化率(C)、接枝率(G)和接枝效率(GE)的影响。实验确定的较佳反应条件为:m(BX)∶m(AM-MMA)=1∶1,单体配比n(AM)∶n(MMA)=2∶1,引发剂浓度0.043mol·L-1,反应温度55℃,反应时间8.0h,m(BX)∶V(溶剂)=3∶25(g/mL),m(BX)∶m(MBAM)=3∶0.07。采用IR,SEM,XRD对蔗渣木聚糖和接枝共聚物的结构进行了表征。IR在1668cm-1、1737cm-1处出现特征峰;SEM显示颗粒表面结构比改性前光滑,没有粗糙和较大的沟壑;XRD说明分子排列的规整性提高,结晶度增加,结晶区域变大。     

丁腈橡胶/顺丁橡胶-接枝马来酸酐共混物的制备与性能

以过氧化二异丙苯(DCP)为引发剂,在双辊开炼机上采用马来酸酐(MAH)单体对顺丁橡胶(BR)进行接枝改性,通过红外光谱对其结构进行了表征;采用化学滴定法测定了反应产物中MAH的接枝率。接枝后的BR与丁腈橡胶(NBR)共混,制备了NBR/BR-g-MAH共混物,对共混物的力学性能、耐低温性能、热老化性能和耐油性能进行了测试和分析。结果表明,BR进行MAH接枝后,提高了NBR/BR-g-MAH共混物力学性能,提高了NBR低温性能,随着BR用量的增加,共混物料低温性能提高,但耐油性能下降,兼顾耐油性能和耐低温性能的最佳条件为m(NBR)∶m(BR-g-MAH)=85∶15。     

水悬浮体系中三单体接枝聚丙烯的改性

在水悬浮体系中,经自由基引发聚丙烯(PP)与马来酸酐(MAH)、苯乙烯(ST)及丙烯酸丁酯(BA)接枝聚合制备接枝产物(PP-g-PMSB),同时体系中产生了非接枝的聚合物(PMSB′)。结果表明,随单体含量增加,接枝率和PMSB′含量升高,且在接枝率高于5.25%时出现微量凝胶。三单体以长支链形式接枝到PP主链上,随接枝率的增加,PP-g-PMSB热稳定性和极性提高,熔体流动速率减小。接枝率5.50%时,PP-g-PMSB水接触角为79.52°;PMSB′含量3.25%时,水接触角降低至69.62°。     

马来酸酐-苯乙烯多单体熔融接枝EVA的研究

用单螺杆挤出机研究了马来酸酐（MAH）－苯乙烯（St)多组分单体熔融接枝EVA的反应,考察了温度、引发剂用量、MAH和St用量对接枝率及凝胶率的影响。结果表明：MAH接枝率随DCP用量、St用量的增加、反应温度的降低有最大值;当EVA／MAH／St/DCP质量比为100：4：4：0.4时,MAH接枝率最大,而凝胶率最小;以St作共单体能够显著提高MAH的接枝率,抑制体系交联;St和MAH的相互作用和共聚反应生成的SMA共聚物在接枝反应中起重要作用。     

聚乳酸/聚酯共混体系熔体流变性能研究

对聚酯与聚乳酸共混体系的相容性及熔体流变性能进行了研究。首先制备不同比例的PET/PLA共混体系,并利用示差扫描量热仪(DSC)研究共混体系的相容性,发现m(PLA)/m(PET)在20%以内时相容性较好。而后利用毛细管流变仪研究了不同温度、不同剪切速率下共混体系的熔体流变性能,发现随PLA含量的增大,非牛顿指数先增加后减小,且在m(PLA)/m(PET)=10%时出现极大值;黏流活化能则随PLA含量的增大而降低;另外当m(PLA)/m(PET)=10%时的共混体系可纺性较好。     

MAH/GMA共接枝聚乳酸对木粉/PLA复合材料性能的影响

采用熔融接枝法分别制备马来酸酐接枝聚乳酸、甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝聚乳酸和马来酸酐/甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯共接枝聚乳酸,并利用红外光谱对接枝共聚物进行结构表征。分别以三种接枝共聚物为相容剂,采用注塑成型制备了木粉/PLA复合材料。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对复合材料的断面形貌进行微观分析,结果表明,加入不同接枝共聚物后木粉/PLA复合材料两相看不出明显相界面,界面相容性得到改善。对不同接枝共聚物制备的复合材料的力学性能、加工流动性能和动态流变性能测定的结果显示,加入MAH/GMA共接枝聚乳酸后的木粉/PLA复合材料和未添加相容剂的复合材料相比,拉伸强度和冲击强度分别提高了9.54%和7.23%,复合体系的平衡扭矩和剪切热提高,储能模量及复数黏度均增大。     

环氧大豆油化学接枝聚乳酸的制备及其性能

用化学改性方式将环氧大豆油(ESO)与用马来酸酐(MAH)改性过的PLA接枝(MPLA),制备了反应性增容剂ECP并提出其可能的接枝机理.用FT-IR、DSC、SEM等手段表征ECP,研究了制备ECP时4种加料方式和ESO与MAH基团的摩尔比对其接枝率和酸值的影响.结果 表明:在MPLA阶段先加入1/3配方比的ESO,...     

硅橡胶共辐射接枝甲基丙烯酸甲酯的研究

利用60Coγ射线共辐射接枝方法,研究了硅橡胶与甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)接枝共聚反应.讨论了单体浓度、辐射剂量、剂量率和溶剂等因素对接枝率的影响,并用红外光谱(FT-IR)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和接触角测定仪对接枝共聚物的结构和性能进行了表征分析.结果表明:辐射剂量和单体浓度对接枝率影响较大,其用量分别为20kGy和m(MMA)/m(SR)=0.6时,接枝效果较好;接枝后硅橡胶的热性能和亲水性得到明显改善.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.