生产过程中印刷模压或委托相关方加施CCC标志的风险管理

《实施强制性产品认证的产品目录》中的产品,产品加施CCC标志的时机通常在例行检验合格之后.但对于某些产品,因工艺要求,需在生产过程中加施CCC标志;有些产品需在采购的关键件上加施CCC标志.对于上述情况,本文从法律法规要求、风险防控与实施层面,对工厂如何建立满足规定要求的CCC标志使用管理制度进行了论述.     

音视频、信息类产品“不合格品控制”条款的实施建议

2002年,国家认监委颁布《强制认证产品工厂质量能力保证要求》（以下简称《质保能力要求》）,该文件是强制性产品认证（CCC）工厂检查的依据,也是认证企业建立质量保证体系的依据。     

正确理解与实施《家电ITAV类检查要求》8.2条

《家用和类似用途设备、音视频设备、信息技术设备强制性认证工厂检查要求》于2011年3月1日实施,距今已两年多。在工厂检查中,我们发现有些认证工厂和检查员对《家电ITAV类检查要求》中的结构一致性控制条款的理解与执行不到位,特别是对于《要求》中8.2条的理解不够。本文就8.2条进行解读,以便有关人员更好地理解与应用。     

家电产品CCC工厂检查时如何进行一致性检查

进行CCC工厂检查的目的是评价受检查方是否有能力保证批量生产的认证产品与型式试验合格的样品的一致性。工厂检查时,对产品进行一致性检查,是确认受检查方是否具备能力的最有效做法。根据《电气电子产品类强制性认证实施规则家用和类似用途设备》（CNCA-01C-016：2010）第4.3.1.2条的规定,一致性检查包括三方面的内容,概括起来说就是标识、产品结构、关键件。     

《工厂检查要求》重点条款理解之“认证产品一致性要求”

《工厂检查要求》的第8条"认证产品的一致性要求"是根据国家认监委2010年颁布的家电、音视频和信息技术产品《强制性认证实施规则》对产品一致性检查的有关要求编制。通过8.1、8.2和8.3款,明确、清晰地告知申请认证的工厂和     

家电CCC认证工厂检查指定试验——电气强度的关注点

《家用和类似用途设备、音视频设备、信息技术类设备强制性认证(CCC认证)工厂检查要求》(以下简称《工厂检查要求》)的现场见证或目证试验目的主要有三点:一是通过目证,确认企业的检验人员是否可以进行正确的操作;二是确认检验仪器设备是否能够满足检验要求;三是确认认证产品是否符合检验要求。电气强度试验作为例行检验项目,通常情况下也是工厂检查现场指定试验项目,试验要求等同于产品强制性认证标准中     

浅谈现场检查的可追溯性

本文概括了CCC认证现场检查的可追溯性要求,并探讨了工厂实际位置、关键件的控制、生产过程控制、例行检验和/或确认检验、产品一致性检查及监督抽样（适用时）、 CCC标志的使用和控制、不符合项等具体检查环节的可追溯性要求和内容。     

《工厂检查要求》与《工厂质量保证能力要求》的差异

对于熟悉《工厂质量保证能力要求》的人员而言,了解《工厂检查要求》与《工厂质量保证能力要求》的差异是了解新版家电、AV、IT《工厂检查要求》的捷径之一。本文以新版家电、AV、IT《工厂检查要求》的条款为序,逐条详解其与《工厂质     

从产品一致性控制角度解读低压成套开关设备工厂检查要求的“新九条”

若仅从条款和文字上比较,中国质量认证中心(CQC)低压成套开关设备强制性产品认证实施细则中的《企业质量保证能力和产品一致性检查要求》(简称新九条)与2007版强制性产品认证实施规则中的《强制性产品认证工厂质量保证能力要求》(简称老十条)的差异还是比较大的,但若从认证实施的     

企业外部质量问题处理案例分析

在家用电器、音视频、信息技术设备、低压电器等产品的C C C认证工厂检查要求中均规定：工厂获知其认证产品存在认证质量问题,应及时通知认证机构。而对于CCC认证产品的外部抽查质量问题,如国家级或省级监督抽查结果证明产品存在不合格的情况,按照《强制性产品认证证书注销、暂停、撤销实施规则》5.1条款要求,认证机构应当暂停相关认证证书。     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.     

空压机轴承箱蜗壳温度探头油封改造

由于空压机进气侧轴承箱蜗壳温度探头密封效果不好,使空压机及其后续管道受到油污染。后将温度探头的O形圈密封改为骨架油封,杜绝了轴承箱漏油问题。文章简介空压机的结构和技术参数,详细介绍了骨架油封的制作和优点。     

Characteristics of mechanical properties of materials in studies of conditions of attainment of marginal states

It is shown that conditions of attainment of marginal states in the material of structural components are formulated on the basis of analysis of force and deformation criteria of formation and development of destruction. The parameters of these criteria are data on types of structural materials, standard and special characteristics of their mechanical properties, structural forms of considered elements of the equipment, and their operating stress loading. In this case, the construction of a system of state equations for describing interrelation of current damage, external actions, and responses to them is based on the concept of calculating variations in properties of materials at all stages of the design life cycle.     

Determination of parameters of microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by the method of modeling

The article suggests a method of evaluating the microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by modeling. The method includes the measurement of deformations of metal according to meshes of a dividing grid with small base and the calculation of the distribution parameters of microdeformations in model representation. It is shown that the modeling method makes it possible objectively to evaluate the microinhomogeneity of deformation of metals independently of the chosen mesh size of the dividing grid. New structural characteristics are introduced: the base and wave of variation expressing the degree of crumbling or amalgamation of metal grains by inhomogeneity of deformation.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 40–44, July, 1991.     

Analysis of the rate of propagation of the wave of change of boiling modes

An approximate analytical expression is derived for the velocity of the front of the wave of change of boiling modes on a rod and on a plate. The impact of the Thomson effect and of the heater orientation in the gravity field is included. Adequate agreement is demonstrated between the derived relations and experimental data.