软夹芯夹层梁最大弯曲正应力的计算

最大弯曲正应力是衡量夹层梁弯曲性能的重要参数之一,本文推导出了将软夹芯夹层梁等效成等截面均质单层梁计算最大弯曲正应力的方法,并在此基础上进行三点弯曲试验的算例研究。结果表明:修正单层梁理论与层合梁理论计算的结果是一致的。当破坏载荷与夹层梁横截面的尺寸一定时,随着芯层与总厚度比的增加,修正单层梁理论计算的最大正应力值逐渐增加,而单层梁理论计算的结果为一恒定值。最大弯曲正应力修正公式的建立为夹层梁的工程应用提供理论基础。     

简支槽形梁考虑空间受力的理论解

该文在综合考虑槽形梁的整体弯曲、局部弯曲、剪力滞效应和主梁扭转作用的基础上,用势能驻值原理导出了简支槽形梁在均布荷载作用下的解析解。通过与有限元计算结果的对比,验证了理论解的正确性和适用性。通过算例分析发现:随着高宽比或宽跨比的增大,局部弯曲对道床板纵向正应力的贡献增大;算例采用的截面尺寸剪力滞效应非常明显,槽形梁的宽跨比对道床板的有效宽度系数影响显著;是否考虑主梁扭转对最终的计算结果影响不大。     

Balsa芯材夹层梁的失效分析

通过三点弯曲试验,分析了Balsa木芯材夹层梁的破坏模式.夹层梁发生了芯材剪切、面板拉伸/受压破坏、屈曲破坏.由测试结果发现,Balsa木火层梁的承载力远低于理论计算,且破坏模式也与一般情况有差别.采用有限元方法,考虑了夹层结构的初始缺陷和材料的各向异性,建立了一系列有限元分析模型,对夹层梁的承载失效问题进行了分析计算...     

泡沫铝层合梁的三点弯曲变形

研究了泡沫铝层合梁三点弯曲的载荷(P)-位移(δ)曲线、变形过程及面板破坏、夹芯剪切破坏、凹陷破坏等破坏模式。用极限载荷公式得到的计算值与实验值符合良好。实验所得的加载和卸载刚度(P/δ)与计算结果吻合较好。泡沫铝层合梁具有较低的密度((0.42～0.92)×10~3kg/m~3)和很高的弯曲比刚度(E~(1/2)/ρ)。利用极限载荷公式建立了破坏模式图。     

齿板-玻璃纤维/聚氨酯泡沫芯夹层梁的低速冲击性能

提出了一种由齿板-玻璃纤维（TP-GF）混合面板和聚氨酯（PU）泡沫芯材组成的新型TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁,结构中金属板通过齿钉压入GF与内部芯材连接,该夹层梁采用真空导入模压工艺制作。通过低速冲击试验,研究了不同冲击能量、纤维厚度和泡沫密度下TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁的冲击响应和损伤模式,并与普通的夹层梁进行了对比分析;通过双悬臂梁试验研究了混合夹层梁的界面性能,计算了夹层梁的应变能释放率。结果表明:在22 J、33 J、44 J能量冲击下,泡沫芯材密度为150 kg/m3的TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁的最大接触力较普通夹层梁分别提高了31.2%、48.6%、33.3%,冲击能量吸收分别增加了17.2%、11.3%、15.5%;随着冲击能量、面板纤维层数及芯材密度的增加,TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁最大接触力增大,密度较低的TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁损伤形式主要为面板的局部弯曲,而芯材密度较高的TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁则以穿透损伤为主;增加泡沫芯材密度和面板纤维厚度能够提高TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁的抗冲击性能,随着芯材密度的增大TP-GF/PU泡沫夹层梁的应变能释放率峰值越高,界面性能越好。      

拉压不同模量的缝合三明治夹芯结构梁弯曲性能

为了建立具有不同拉伸和压缩弹性模量的缝合三明治夹芯结构梁的中性层位置和弯曲刚度的理论预测方法,并进行相关试验验证。首先,将缝合三明治夹芯结构梁看成准层状结构,考虑其拉压不同模量及材料上下面板几何尺寸不同的特点,基于修正的Reissner层板理论,建立了弯曲刚度和中性层位置的理论预测方法;其次,开展了缝合三明治夹芯结构梁的三点弯曲试验,并采用数字图像相关(DIC)法测试了中性层位置;最后,对弯曲刚度和中性层位置进行了理论预测。结果表明:理论预测值与试验结果吻合较好,证明了该理论预测方法的有效性。     

折线型截面复合材料层合梁弯曲性能预测与分析

基于各向异性复合材料层合板弹性理论,研究空间折线型复合材料层合梁弯曲性能计算方法。首先推导了考虑铺层设计的翼缘板和腹板在局部坐标系下的刚度矩阵和本构关系,然后通过平行移轴原理建立折线型复合材料层合梁的整体抗弯刚度理论计算公式,在此基础上求出结构在竖向荷载作用下的挠度值。有限元与理论值对比表明本文的理论计算公式有较好的精度。此外,还分析了翼缘与腹板水平夹角及纤维纵横向铺层比对层合梁挠度的影响。结果表明:结构的挠度随夹角的增大而减小,且夹角越大理论值与有限元值越接近,而纤维纵横向铺层比的变化对结构挠度影响几乎可以忽略。该弯曲预测方法可用于计算Z型、槽型、工字型等空间折线型截面复合材料层合梁刚度和位移。     

复合材料夹层板弯曲修正的Reissner理论

本文对大高度、软夹芯的复合材料夹层板的弯曲问题,提出了一种新的修正的Reissner理论。该理论对Reissner的线性特性进行了非线性修正;引入夹芯弹性支撑作用对变形与应力的修正。修正项由Reissner理论结果确定,并最终归结为求解Reissner理论问题,使计算更精确而应用亦较方便。      

对边简支负泊松比蜂窝夹层板的弯曲自由振动

负泊松比蜂窝夹层板作为一种特殊的复合材料结构,目前对其动态行为尚缺乏认识。应用Reddy剪切板理论分析了对边简支负泊松比蜂窝夹层板的弯曲振动。将内凹六边形胞元的蜂窝芯层等效为一正交异性层,芯层的等效弹性参数由修正后的Gibson公式得出。由具体算例可知经典叠层板理论和一阶剪切板理论不适合用于蜂窝夹层板的振动分析。应用Reddy剪切板理论研究了蜂窝夹层板板厚比、芯层板厚及胞元角度对弯曲振动频率的影响,并绘出相应的曲线图。结果表明:对于对边简支负泊松比蜂窝夹层板,当板厚比小于某一值时,固有频率参数随板厚比的增加而增加;但当板厚比大于该值时,固有频率参数随板厚比的增加呈现复杂的变化形式。本文得到的结果为蜂窝夹层板的设计和实际应用提供了理论依据和数值参考。      

横向和纵向荷载下石墨烯/Al层状梁的弯曲特性

采用分子动力学(MD)方法模拟了石墨烯(GNs)/Al层状梁在横向荷载和纵向压缩下的弯曲变形，探究了层状梁弯曲特性的影响因素。从横向荷载下的弯曲结果可见，由于层间作用的影响，层状梁的弯曲刚度随着GNs层数的增加而不断降低。GNs/Al层状梁的弯曲机制并非由GNs和Al组分特性的简单相加，这使经典连续力学难以适用于高各向异性的层状材料中。在单轴纵向压缩中，GNs使细长的层状梁在塑性变形前更易发生屈曲行为。发生屈曲的临界应力σ_cr和临界应变ε_cr主要受层状梁中重复层厚度的影响，尤其在重复层厚度不足2 nm时，σ_cr和ε_cr急剧降低。屈曲后的弯曲变形中，位错形核的拉-压不对称性使原子缺陷仅从受压缩的地方产生。随着GNs层数的增加，重复层间距离降低，层状梁的柔韧性随之增加。     

木质蜂窝夹芯包装材料抗弯性能研究

根据夹层结构原理,就木质蜂窝夹芯材料抗弯性能进行研究,同时根据三点外伸梁和简支梁原理对夹芯结构的抗弯刚度进行了理论分析.结果表明:木质蜂窝夹芯材料的抗弯性能较原蜂窝纸板大大提高,给出的木质蜂窝夹芯材料抗弯刚度的近似公式可以预测夹芯结构的刚度.木质蜂窝夹芯材料作为一种具有良好性能的绿色包装材料,将会有很好的应用前景.     

双向梯形夹芯板柱面弯曲成形回弹分析

整体弯曲成形是制造曲面夹芯板高效且经济的方法,其成形特点与回弹预测是重点研究方向。采用结合有限元的半解析法对双向梯形夹芯的力学参数进行推导,获得夹芯等效弹性常数,分析上、下面板不等厚夹芯板柱面弯曲成形时面板与夹芯的变形特点及应力中性层的变化,在此基础上建立夹芯板平面应变弯曲回弹理论计算模型,预测夹芯板弯曲成形的应力分布与回弹,并与数值模拟及多点弯曲成形实验结果进行对比。结果表明:夹芯板回弹量与中厚板十分接近,回弹量较小,易于控制成形精度;理论预测的横截面切向应力与回弹都偏大,其中上面板应力相对误差在2.9%以内,下面板应力相对误差在6.5%以内,下面板纵向中心截面线误差在1.0mm范围内,各项误差均在很小范围内,验证了本工作回弹计算模型的准确性。     

Low-velocity heavy-mass impact response of slender metal foam core sandwich beam

The objective of this work is to investigate the dynamic large deflection response of fully clamped metal foam core sandwich beam struck by a low-velocity heavy mass. Analytical solution and ‘bounds’ of dynamic solutions are derived, respectively. Also, finite element analysis is carried out to obtain the numerical solution of the problem. Comparisons of the dynamic, the quasi-static and numerical solutions for the non-dimensional maximum deflection of the sandwich beam with non-dimensional initial kinetic energy of the striker are presented for different cases of mass ratio, impact velocity and location. It is seen that the dynamic solution approaches the quasi-static one as the mass ratio of the striker to the beam is large enough, the quasi-static solution is in good agreement with the numerical results and both solutions lie in the ‘bounds’ of dynamic solutions. The quasi-static and numerical results for the impact force against the maximum deflection of the sandwich beam are obtained. It shows that the quasi-static solution can offer adequate accuracy to predict the low-velocity heavy-mass impact response of fully clamped sandwich beam.     

The modified couple stress model for bending of normal deformable viscoelastic nanobeams resting on visco-Pasternak foundations

ABSTRACT

The modified couple stress theory (MCST) is utilized to investigate the bending of viscoelastic nanobeams laying on visco-Pasternak elastic foundations based on a new shear and normal deformations beam theory. This model consists of the material length scale coefficient that captures the size impact on small-scale beams. The simply supported beam is made of viscoelastic material, subjected to time harmonic transverse load. The nanobeam is presumed to be laying on double layers of foundations. The first layer is modeled as Kelvin–Voigt viscoelastic model and the second is taken as a shear layer. Based on the proposed beam theory and MCST, the differential motion equations are deduced using Hamilton’s principle. To check the validity of the obtained formulations, the predicted results are compared with those available in the open literature. In addition, the influences of various parameters such as the material length scale parameter, length-to-depth ratio, viscoelastic damping structure, the stiffness and damping coefficients of the viscoelastic substrate, and shear and normal strains on the deflection and stresses are illustrated.     

基于高阶剪切理论的复合材料格栅夹层板弯曲特性

基于高阶剪切弯曲理论,对含有软质芯材的复合材料格栅夹层板的弯曲特性进行了理论研究。基于能量法,推导了含有软质芯材的复合材料格栅的等效弹性参数计算式;基于高阶剪切弯曲理论,推导了夹层板的弯曲平衡微分方程,并采用Navier方法,给出了分布载荷作用下四边简支、上下表层为对称正交铺层的夹层板弯曲问题的理论解;用算例对典型格栅夹层板的理论解和有限元仿真解进行了对比,两者误差为7.1%,验证了本文理论方法的正确性;并分析了夹层板跨厚比、格栅厚度、格栅复合材料铺层角度、格栅间距等参量对含有软质芯材的典型复合材料格栅夹层板弯曲挠度的影响规律。      

蜂窝夹层共形承载天线结构的力电性能

本文对玻璃钢蜂窝夹层共形承载天线结构进行常温四点弯曲试验,并对比了含有真实天线的实验件在实验前后的电磁性能。采用三明治夹芯板理论和分离式实体建模方法,利用ABAQUS建立其有限元模型,并基于各向异性材料最大应力准则,使用USDFLD定义蜂窝芯失效准则。实验和模拟结果表明:此方法能准确地模拟结构的刚度和强度。性能检测显示实验件能够承受预定载荷,从而验证了此类结构在弯曲载荷下的可靠性以及模拟方法的准确性。     

梁模型三明治板的隔声预报

提出一种针对有限大三明治蜂窝板的隔声预报方法。在一定条件下,三明治蜂窝板被看成是正交各向异性的,通过对蜂窝板正交方向上切割下来梁的简单测 试,可以得到三明治蜂窝板的等效刚度,结合正交各向异性板的振动方程,把板的振动展开成模态叠加的形式并求解,最终可以得到一块有限大三明治蜂窝板的理论隔声公式,理论预报结果与实验室测量结果对比良好。     

基于三维梁理论的复合材料层合管等效抗弯刚度

针对任意铺层形式和任意壁厚复合材料圆形层合管件,提出一种等效抗弯刚度的计算方法。此方法采用符合复合材料圆形管件梁真实变形的变形理论,考虑横向剪切变形,非均匀扭转效应,主、次挠曲效应和层合材料的三维弹性效应,按照壳壁中实际应力状态,建立了复合材料圆形管件等效抗弯刚度的计算模型。通过与4种铺层管件的三点弯曲实验结果以及经典层合板理论计算的等效抗弯刚度进行对比,验证了计算模型的正确性。通过退化与各向同性材料抗弯刚度的计算方法进行对比,分析了计算模型的适用性。      

A new FE model based on higher order zigzag theory for the analysis of laminated sandwich beam with soft core

A new finite element (FE) model has been developed based on higher order zigzag theory (HOZT) for the static analysis of laminated sandwich beam with soft core. In this theory, the in-plane displacement variation is considered to be cubic for both the face sheets and the core. The transverse displacement is assumed to vary quadratically within the core while it remains constant in the faces beyond the core. The proposed model satisfies the condition of transverse shear stress continuity at the layer interfaces and the zero transverse shear stress condition at the top and bottom of the beam. The nodal field variables are chosen in an efficient manner to overcome the problem of continuity requirement of the derivatives of transverse displacements. A C₀ quadratic beam finite element is implemented to model the HOZT for the present analysis. Numerical examples covering different features of laminated composite and sandwich beams are presented to illustrate the accuracy of the present model. Many new results are also presented which should be useful for future research.     

Improving bending characteristics of FRP sandwich structures with reinforcement webs

Sandwich-structure materials consist of a high-strength skin material and a lightweight core material. The advantages of sandwich structures are known to include excellent mechanical properties and low weight. Sandwich structures are lightweight because of their lightweight core; meanwhile, the skin structure provides mechanical strength and bears bending stress. Carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) is a high-specific-strength and high-specific-rigidity material. In recent years, CFRP sandwich structures have been used in aerospace applications due to their lightweight properties. However, soft-core members such as plastic foam materials have low rigidity and therefore may not exhibit adequate function as a sandwich structure. Webs can make up for the lack of rigidity of soft core members. Consequently, sandwich structures with reinforcement webs offer higher strength than sandwich structures without reinforcement webs. This study focused on reinforcement webs suitable for use in CFRP sandwich structures by evaluating the bending characteristics of CFRP sandwich structures with reinforcement webs. Experimental results demonstrated that CFRP sandwich structures with reinforcement webs had improved bending strength. The effects of the spacing interval of reinforcement webs and the number of layers of carbon fiber fabric on the bending characteristics of CFRP sandwich structures were also examined. Finally, an optimal condition model was created for CFRP sandwich structures with reinforcement webs.