硼掺杂对非晶硅薄膜微结构和光电性能的影响

以硅烷 (SiH4 )和硼烷 (B2 H6)为气相反应先驱体 ,采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积法 (PECVD)制备出轻掺硼非晶氢硅薄膜。X射线衍射、原子力显微镜和光、暗电导测试表明 ,一定程度的硼掺杂提高了非晶氢硅薄膜的电导率 ,降低了非晶氢硅薄膜的光、暗电导比 ,并促进了非晶氢硅薄膜中硅微晶粒的生长。红外吸收谱研究预示了大量的硼原子与硅、氢原子之间能形成某些形式的复合体 ,仅有少量硼元素对P型掺杂有贡献。     

硼掺杂对非晶硅薄膜微结构和光电性能的影响

以硅烷（SiH4)和硼烷（B2H6）为气相应反应先驱体，采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积法（PECVD）制备出轻掺硼非昌氢硅薄膜，X射线衍射，原子力显微镜和光，暗电导测试表明，一定程度的硼掺杂提高了非晶氢硅薄膜的电导率，降低了非晶氢硅薄膜的光，暗电导比，并促进了非晶氢硅薄膜中硅微晶粒的生长，红外吸为研究预示了大量的硼原子与硅，氢原子之间能形成某些形式的复合体，仅有少量硼元素对P型掺杂有贡献。     

纳米硅薄膜制备技术进展

本文综述了纳米硅薄膜制备新技术的进展。着重介绍了高氢稀释硅烷蚀刻法，微波氢基团增强化学气相沉积，逐层法和高频数值等离子体化学气相沉积技术制备纳米硅薄膜的沉积过程和生长机制．本文指出氢基团为各项新技术发展的关键并将在今后纳米硅薄膜制备技术发展中起重要作用。     

掺硼非晶硅薄膜的微结构和电学性能研究

以硅烷(SiH4)和硼烷(B2H6)为气相反应先驱体，采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积法，(PECVD)制备出能应用于液晶光阀光导层的硼掺杂非晶氢硅薄膜。X射线衍射、原子力显微镜和光、暗电导测试表明，一定程度的硼掺杂提高了非晶氢硅薄膜的电导率、降低了非晶氢硅薄膜的光、暗电导比；硼掺杂促进薄膜晶态率的增加和硅晶粒尺寸的增大，薄膜的结晶状态将逐渐从非晶硅过渡到纳米硅，最后发展为多晶硅。红外吸收谱研究表明了大量的硼原子与硅、氢原子之间能形成某些形式的复合体，仅有少量硼元素对受主掺杂有贡献。     

氢稀释比与衬底温度对硅基薄膜相变及其光电性能影响的研究

采用热丝辅助微波电子回旋共振化学气相沉积法(HWAMWECR-CVD),通过改变衬底温度及氢稀释比制备了系列硅基薄膜,研究了衬底温度及氢稀释比对薄膜由非晶相转晶相相变及其光电性能的影响。研究结果表明,当采用低温制备硅基薄膜时,衬底温度和氢稀释比的提高都有利于非晶相向晶相的转变,但提高氢稀释比对相变的影响更为显著;晶化比越高并不代表薄膜光电性能越好,95%氢稀释比条件下制备的微晶硅薄膜具有优良的光电性能。     

氢稀释比对氢化硅薄膜两相结构和电学性能的影响

通过改变氢气对硅烷的稀释比R, 采用等离子体增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)方法制备出具有非晶/微晶相变过渡区的氢化硅薄膜, 并研究了所得硅膜在不同沉积阶段的微观结构和形貌、晶化效果和电学性能。研究结果表明, 当R=10时, 样品呈典型的非晶特性; 随着氢稀释比的增大, 薄膜表现出两相结构, 且衬底表面处的非晶过渡层逐渐减薄, 也即非晶向微晶的转变提前。但XRD结果显示, 硅膜的晶化率和平均晶粒尺寸随着R的增加呈先增后减的趋势, 在R=28.6时达到最大值。另外, 暗电导率和载流子浓度表现出了与晶化率一样的变化趋势, 显示出硅膜的电学性能与微观结构的高度正相关性。     

非晶碳化硅薄膜的近红外光发射

利用甚高频等离子体增强化学气相沉积技术,在不同CH4流量下制备非晶SiCx:H薄膜,在室温下能用肉眼观察到薄膜较强的近红外光发射,并研究其光发射机制.荧光稳态和瞬态光谱分析表明,在不同波长激发下,薄膜的发光光谱谱形及峰位未发生明显变化,并且薄膜的荧光寿命在1～1.5 ns之间.经过1100℃退火处理后,随薄膜中硅团簇的析出其发光基本淬灭,研究认为非晶SiCx:H薄膜的近红外光发射主要源于薄膜中的Si悬键缺陷态发光中心.     

氢化非晶硅薄膜光衰退稳定性的影响因素

用热丝辅助微波电子回旋共振化学气相沉积制备样品,通过红外吸收谱图和光衰退图,分析影响a-SiH薄膜光衰退稳定性的因素一方面,非晶硅网格中氢含量、氢硅键合方式以及氢的运动情况均对非晶硅材料的稳定性起着十分重要的作用,另一方面,在非晶硅的基体上生长少量微晶硅,可提高薄膜的稳定性.最终希望能通过两者的结合来探讨如何制备高光敏性和低光致衰退的非晶硅薄膜.     

SiNx薄膜中硅纳米粒子的制备及表征

通过等离子增强化学气相沉积(PECVD)法, 以氨气和硅烷为反应气体, P型单晶硅和石英为衬底, 低温下(200℃)制备了含硅纳米粒子的非化学计量比氮化硅(SiN_x)薄膜. 经高温(范围500~950℃)退火处理优化了薄膜结构. 室温下测试了不同温度退火后含硅纳米粒子SiN_x薄膜的拉曼(Raman)光谱、光致发光(PL)光谱及傅立叶变换红外吸收(FTIR)光谱, 对薄膜材料的结构特性、发光特性及其键合特性进行了分析. Raman光谱表明. SiN_x薄膜内的硅纳米粒子为非晶结构. PL光谱显示两条与硅纳米粒子相关的光谱带, 随退火温度的升高此两光谱带峰位移动方向相同. 当退火温度低于800℃时, PL光谱峰位随退火温度的升高而蓝移. 当退火温度高于800℃时, PL光谱峰位随退火温度的升高而红移. 通过SiNx薄膜的三种光谱分析发现薄膜的光致发光源于硅纳米粒子的量子限制效应. 这些结果对硅纳米粒子制备工艺优化和硅纳米粒子光电器件的应用有重要意义.     

氢气氛退火对硅上低温外延制备的硅锗薄膜性能的影响

采用反应型热化学气相沉积系统在硅(100)衬底上外延生长富锗硅锗薄膜。四氟化锗作为锗源, 乙硅烷作为还原性气体。通过设计表面反应, 在低温条件下(350℃)制备了高质量的富锗硅锗薄膜。研究了氢退火对低温硅锗外延薄膜微结构和电学性能的影响。结果发现退火温度高于700℃时, 外延薄膜的表面形貌随着退火温度的升高迅速恶化。当退火温度为650℃时, 获得了最佳的退火效果。在该退火条件下, 外延薄膜的螺旋位错密度从3.7×10⁶ cm^-2下降到4.3×10⁵ cm^-2, 表面粗糙度从1.27 nm下降到1.18 nm, 而外延薄膜的结晶质量也有效提高。霍尔效应测试表明, 经退火处理的样品载流子迁移率明显提高。这些结果表明, 经过氢退火处理后, 反应型热化学气相沉积制备的低温硅锗外延薄膜可以获得与高温下硅锗外延薄膜相比拟的性能。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.