新型聚醚与有机硅多丙烯酸酯的感光性及其光固化材料性能研究

本文主要研究了合成的新型聚醚丙烯酸酯ANE和有机硅丙烯酸酯ANS的感光性、活性稀释剂HEA用量对ANS、ANE的感光性能及ANS、ANE光固化材料物理机械性能的影响,经感光特性曲线的研究,发现ANE、ANE都具有很高 感光性,ANS体系的感度是15.50mj/cm^2,ANE体系的感光度是6.94mj/cm^2,其紫外响应峰分别在334nm和334.4cm处,活性衡释剂HEA可以调节光固化材料综合性能,它的加入提高了ANS、ANE光固化材料的透光率、硬度及耐温性;其透光率均在95％以上,硬度都高于HB,玻璃化转变温度为204℃和198℃。     

有机硅聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚物的合成、表征及感光性

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯（IPDI）、烷羟基硅油、丙烯酸β－羟乙酯（HEA）为原料，合成了一种有机硅聚氨酯丙烯酸酯预聚物（ISAE）。探讨了原料结构、反应温度、合成方法等因素对反应的影响，确定最佳反应条件为：反应温度低于80℃，合成方法为过量IPDI先与烷羟基硅油反应，然后再与HEA反应。表征了ISAE的结构，ISAE是含硅聚氨酯丙烯酸酯和不含硅聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的混合物。研究了ISAE感光体系的感度，发现ISAE感光体系具有很高感光性，感度值为12．3mJ/cm^2，其紫外响应峰为333nm。     

光敏性有机硅丙烯酸酯的合成及其改性紫外光固化材料研究

以Karstedt催化荆,催化端氢硅油(DHPS)和三缩丙二醇二丙烯酸酯(TPGDA)的硅氢加成反应,合成光敏性有机硅丙烯酸酯(SA).反应产物用红外光谱和紫外一可见光谱进行了表征,将不同比例的有机硅丙烯酸酯作为活性稀释剂添加到光固化体系中,考察了配方分别在空气和N2中的光固化性能,利用扫描电镜观察了光固化膜的表面形貌,研究了SA对光固化材料机械性能、热稳定性以及化学稳定性的影响.结果表明,氧阻聚作用对于SA配方比较明显,能显著降低其固化速率;SA对光固化膜物理化学性能有一定影响,含有5%SA的光固化材料综合性能优异,超过此含量,光固化材料机械和化学稳定性随着SA含量的增加反而降低;热重分析表明,SA能提高体系的热稳定性.     

纳米复合聚合物电解质的新型制备方法及其性能

以含有纳米SiO₂ 的聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯( PEGDA) 为单体, 加入液态电解质, 通过紫外光辐射固化制备了凝胶态纳米复合聚合物电解质(NCPE) 。含有纳米SiO₂ 的PEGDA 单体是以水性硅溶胶为原料, 通过一个溶剂交换过程制备的, 与此同时纳米SiO₂ 的表面通过加入甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MAPTMS) 进行改性, 使其表面具有可以参与光固化的丙烯酸酯基团。与用不含纳米粒子的PEGDA 单体制备的凝胶态聚合物电解质相比, 纳米复合聚合物电解质的电导率更高, 尤其是电化学稳定性和界面稳定性有明显提高。      

新型支化有机硅单体的合成及其硅丙乳液的研究

利用甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(M PS)的烷氧基与氯硅烷(CM S)的取代反应,合成了具有支化结构的高硅含量反应性有机硅单体甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三(三甲基硅氧基)硅烷(M ATS),并用1H-NM R、FT-IR对其结构进行了表征。以M ATS为功能性单体,与丙烯酸酯类单体进行乳液共聚合,制得了稳定的高硅含量硅丙乳液。对乳液聚合物的力学性能、表面接触角、吸水率等的测试结果表明,M ATS分子中的支化型大体积疏水基团能有效提高共聚物的有机硅含量,显著降低聚合物的表面能,提高其耐水性和力学性能,可制得一类具有优良疏水性及低表面能的功能材料。     

高官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的设计制备及光固化性能

为了提高树脂的光固化活性,以不同官能度的苯酐聚酯多元醇(PAPP)为核,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)和季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PET3A)为支设计制备了一系列高官能度聚氨酯丙烯酸酯。将其与活性稀释剂、光引发剂复配,通过紫外光(UV)固化,得到树脂浇铸体。用红外光谱、UV固化机、万能材料试验机、动态力学热分析仪及同步热分析等对光固化树脂及其浇铸体的结构、活性、力学及热学性能等进行测试分析。结果表明,合成了预期结构的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯,当其碳碳双键官能度从6增加到12时,树脂湿膜(100μm)光固化时间从21 s下降至18 s;树脂浇铸体弯曲与拉伸性能呈上升趋势,冲击韧性则有所降低; Tg从135℃上升到147℃,耐热性能变好。     

新型有机硅改性丙烯酸酯乳液的制备及性能

为了解决常规有机硅单体在乳液聚合反应中易水解的问题,通过γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH-570)和三甲基氯硅烷间的取代反应合成了一种难水解的新型有机硅单体γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三(三甲基硅氧基)硅烷,再以其和丙烯酸酯类单体为原料,采用种子乳液共聚法合成了高硅含量有机硅-丙烯酸酯复合共聚乳液。采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、核磁共振(NMR)对新型有机硅单体进行了结构表征,利用红外光谱、表面接触角测试、热失重分析、拉伸测试等表征了乳液及乳胶膜性能。结果表明:新型有机硅改性丙烯酸酯乳胶膜比纯丙烯酸酯乳胶膜在耐水性、耐热性及力学性能等方面均有显著提高。     

耐水性丝网印刷感光高分子性能研究

研究了具有耐水性和高感光度的水性感光性高分子材料，该材料用于制作线路板和集成电路用的丝网印刷胶，并可用水显影，其工艺简单、无污染。用重氮树脂为光敏剂、聚乙烯醇和聚醋酸乙烯酯为成膜剂制作了感光性树脂，研究了聚醋酸乙烯酯对提高感光性树脂的耐水性的作用以及其对体系感觉的影响。通过试验得出加入聚醋酸乙烯酯其配比合适时，可得到耐水性的高感的感光性树脂，其感度值为20mJ/cm^2，水泡48h后对感光膜无影响。得到了综合性能良好的感光高分子。     

从配位硅出发低温合成脂肪族含硅聚酯及其结构表征

从二氧化硅与乙二醇、氢氧化钾反应生成的高反应活性的五配位硅钾化合物出发,首先以此为原料与2-氯乙醇反应制备双羟基四配位有机硅单体,然后再将其与己二酰氯进行低温溶液缩聚合成脂肪族含硅聚酯。探讨了不同反应条件对聚合物结构和性能的影响,并对合成的聚合物作了红外光谱、热重分析、分子量的测定等结构表征。     

基于酸解型聚甲基丙烯酸酯的化学增幅成像材料及应用

甲基丙烯酸分别与乙烯基乙基醚和二氢吡喃反应得到羧基被保护的酯化物。这些甲基丙烯酸酯单体进行均聚并分别与甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸-2-羟乙酯进行二元共聚。这些聚合物的保护基具有在室温下的高酸解活性。可以和产酸剂（三嗪化合物）、酚醛树脂一起组成化学增幅型感光成像材料,可用作i-线光致抗蚀剂和高感度PS版感光剂,其感度在100mj／cm^2以下。此感光体系中加入红外染料即可用作热敏CTP版材成像材料。都获得了很好的成像表现。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.