新型高效红色磷光OLED器件

使用R-4B新型红色磷光染料作为掺杂剂,制作了结构为ITO/MoO3(10)/NPB(40)/TCTA(10)/CBP∶R-4B(x)/BCP(10)/Alq3(40)/LiF/Al的红色磷光器件,结合TCTA和BCP(电子和空穴阻挡材料),通过调节R-4B的掺杂比例,对器件的发光性能和发光机理进行了研究。结果表明,掺杂比例为6%时,得到光效和颜色稳定性较好的器件。在电压为4V时,电流密度为0.045mA/cm2,亮度为3.57cd/m2,最大电流效率为19.48cd/A;在电压分别为5、10和15V时,色坐标分别为(0.60,0.35)、(0.64,0.34)、(0.64,0.35)。分析认为,一方面,R-4B的发光机理主要有主体材料CBP对R-4B的能量传递及载流子直接注入R-4B形成激子;另一方面,TCTA和BCP的作用为对发光层内载流子、激子的阻挡及使空穴、电子更有效注入发光层。     

新型钙镁铝合金阴极对红光OLED性能的影响研究

采用不同比例的Ca/Mg/Al合金和纯Ca/Al合金阴极分别制备结构为ITO/Mo O_3(30nm)/NPB(40nm)/TCTA(10nm)/CBP:R-4B(30nm)/TPBI(10nm)/Alq3(30nm)/Ca:Mg(X%):Al(100nm)和ITO/Mo O3(30nm)/NPB(40nm)/TCTA(10nm)/CBP:R-4B(30nm)/TPBI(10nm)/Alq3(30nm)/Ca:Al(100nm)的红光有机电致发光二极管(OLED)器件及其对应的电子型器件,研究了阴极材料对器件的影响。结果发现,Ca/Mg/Al合金阴极可以提高阴极发射电子能力。当Mg掺杂质量比为20%时,器件具有最优性能,在电压为13 V时,发光亮度为10250 cd/m2,电流密度为57.099 m A/cm2,最大电流效率为18.8426 cd/A,效率较高且滚降比较平缓。原因为载流子注入比较平衡,形成了较多的激子。     

空穴注入层MoO_3厚度对蓝绿色磷光OLED发光特性的影响

以mCP为磷光主体材料,BGIr1为蓝绿色磷光掺杂材料,MoO3为空穴注入材料,制备5种不同厚度的MoO3蓝绿色磷光有机电致发光器件(OLED),并研究不同厚度MoO3空穴注入层对蓝绿色磷光OLED发光特性的影响。所制器件结构为ITO/MoO3(x nm)/NPB(40nm)/mCP∶BGIr1(30nm,18%)/BCP(10nm)/Alq3(20nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al(100nm),其中18%为发光层中BGIr1的掺杂量(质量分数),x为空穴注入层MoO3的厚度。研究结果表明,本实验制备器件空穴注入层MoO3的最佳厚度为20nm。当电压为13V时,MoO3厚度为20nm器件获得最大亮度为8 617cd/cm2,当电流密度为20mA/cm2时,器件获得最大发光效率为5.7cd/A。器件在488和512nm处获得两个主发射峰,发光颜色稳定,CIE坐标为(0.19,0.21)。     

基于红光染料掺杂的有机电压调制发光器件

制备了一种电压调制有机发光二极管(OLED),结构为ITO/CuPc(10nm)/NPB(70nm)/MADN(30nm)/MADN:DCM(2%(质量分数),10nm)/BCP 7nm/ALQ(30nm)/LiF(0.5nm)/Al(100nm).通过调节DCM的掺杂浓度和MADN:DCM厚度,发光颜色发生了随电压的连续变化.该器件的起亮电压在3V左右,当驱动电压为16V时最大亮度达到16652cd/m2,电流效率在8V时达到最大为5.78cd/A.     

一种新型磷光铜(I)配合物及其高效绿光有机电致发光器件

研制出了一种新型的Cu(Ⅰ)配合物[Cu(DPEphos)(PyPPN)]BF4 (CuL1L2),其中二DPEphos和PyPPN分别表示(2-二苯基膦基)苯基醚和吡啶并[1′,2′∶2,3] 吡嗪[5,6-f] 1,10-菲罗啉,并制备了结构为ITO(20)/2-TNATA (20nm)/NPB(40nm)/CBP∶8% CuL1L2(30nm)/BCP(20nm)/Alq3(20nm)/ LiF(1nm)/ Al(100nm)的掺杂式有机发光二极管(OLED).掺杂式器件在530nm处有较强的金属配合物三重态的绿光电致磷光 (ELECTROPHOSPHORESCENCE,EPL)发射,最大亮度为2388cd/m2,在电流为0.1mA时,器件的最大电流效率达到11.4cd/A,据我们所知,该OLED器件的EL性能是目前报道Cu(Ⅰ)磷光配合物的EPL器件中最高的.     

DCJTB掺杂的荧光型白光有机电致发光器件

本文基于为ITO/2-TNATA(20 nm)/NPB(30 nm)/BePP2:DCJTB(45 nm:X%)/Alq3(30 nm)/LiF(1 nm)/Al(100 nm)的白光器件结构(X为DCJTB的掺杂浓度(质量分数))。采用真空热蒸镀的方法,在高精度膜厚测控仪的监控下分别制备了发光层掺杂浓度为1,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0不同器件,并对各器件性能进行了测试。实验结果表明:当DCJTB的掺杂浓度为2.0%时,平衡了器件中电子和空穴的传输能力,使载流子复合形成激子的几率增加,既使载流子的传输能力明显改善,并且有效地抑制了器件的荧光猝灭效应。在12 V电压下,可以获得发光亮度最高达到9 868cd/m2,发光效率大于7.2 cd/A,且色坐标为(0.334,0.337)的较理想白光有机发光器件。     

主客体掺杂和空穴阻挡对蓝色磷光OLED发光性能的影响研究

以铱配合物蓝色磷光材料Firpic作为掺杂剂,制备了基于CBP为主体的蓝色有机电致发光器件,其结构为ITO/CuPc/FIrpic:CBP(x%)/BCP/Alq3/LiF/Al,其中x%为发光层主客体掺杂浓度.分别研究了主客体掺杂浓度和空穴阻挡层BCP的厚度对器件发光性能的影响,当掺杂浓度为8%时,主客体间的能量传转移最充分,器件的启亮电压为5V,器件在20V时的亮度为7122.25cd/m2.器件电致发光(EL)光谱出现明显的红移现象,为Alq3部分参与了发光,影响了发光的色纯度,改变BCP的厚度,可以调节载流子复合区域和器件发光的色度坐标,达到改善器件发光性能的目的.     

一种含铱共聚物及其性能与应用

采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和热重分析法(TGA)研究了一种含铱配合物的新型共聚物PVKIr的热性能。结果表明,该聚合物的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)为220.04℃,起始分解温度(Td)为454.31℃,具有良好的热稳定性。利用该聚合物为发光材料制备了电致发光器件ITO/聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)(PEDOT)(45nm)/2-(4-联苯基)-5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-1,3,4-口恶二唑(PBD):25%PVKIr(80nm)/2,9-二甲基-4,7-二苯基-1,10-菲咯啉(BCP)(15nm)/三(8-羟基喹啉)铝(Alq3)(30nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al,其最大发射峰在532nm,起亮电压为13V。该器件在驱动电压为21V时,达到最大亮度86cd/m2,而此时电流密度为192mA/cm2。     

侧链含环金属铱配合物的芴-咔唑有机磷光聚合物的合成和光电性能

以聚芴为主链,通过Suzuki偶联反应合成了一类新型侧链含环金属铱配合物的芴-咔唑有机磷光聚合物PFCzIrpiq,通过凝胶渗透色谱仪测定其分子量,通过核磁共振氢谱表征化学结构,研究了聚合物的光电性能。以该聚合物为发光层制备结构为ITO/PEDOT:PSS(50 nm)/PFCzIrpiq(45 nm)/LiF(0.5 nm)/Al(150 nm)的器件,测试了器件的电致发光性能。结果表明,在聚合物单体中铱配合物单元摩尔投料比对聚合物的发光颜色影响较大:当铱配合物单元摩尔投料比为1%时聚合物器件的色坐标为(0.22,0.22),位于蓝光区域;当增大到5%时聚合物器件色坐标为(0.65,0.35),位于红光区域;随着铱配合物单元摩尔投料比的增大,器件的启亮电压变化较小,而器件的电流密度逐渐减小,器件的最大发光亮度逐渐增大。当铱配合物单元摩尔投料比为5%时,器件的最大发光亮度为48 cd/m2。     

一种新型宽发射材料的合成及其光电性能研究

以2-噻吩甲醛、苯胺及方酸为原料合成了一种新型含噻吩基方酸菁衍生物的宽发射有机电致发光材料——1,3-二(苯基噻吩氨基)方酸(SQ),通过核磁共振、红外光谱和元素分析确定其分子结构。并研究了其光物理性能。研究发现,SQ薄膜的发射光谱位于517nm,半峰宽105nm。将其作为发射材料首次制备了结构为ITO/MoO3(3nm)/NPB(20nm)/SQ(15nm)/TPBi(27nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al(100nm)的发光器件,得到了峰位在520nm,半峰宽为132nm的宽发射光谱。利用其宽发射特性,进一步设计白光器件,其结构为ITO/MoO3(3nm)/CBP(23nm)/TPBi∶SQ(5%,15nm)/TPBi(27nm)/LiF(1nm)/Al(100nm),此器件启亮电压为5V,最大亮度为124cd/m~2(at 13V),最大电流效率为0.12cd/A,CIE为(0.30,0.33)。结果表明,通过在TPBi主体材料中掺杂SQ,利用主客体材料之间发生能量不完全传递,可实现色饱和度好的白光发射。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.