MQ树脂增强硅橡胶及其透紫外影响因素分析

利用硅氢加成反应原理在铂金催化剂作用下和高温固化环境中制备了加成型液体硅橡胶,并通过乙烯基MQ树脂对硅橡胶进行强度改性;采用材料蠕变试验机、差示扫描量热仪对硅橡胶力学性能、热学性能进行研究,并对硅橡胶透紫外影响因素进行分析。实验结果表明,乙烯基MQ树脂可在硅橡胶中产生"集中交联"效应,随着乙烯基MQ树脂含量的增加,固化后硅橡胶的拉伸强度随之增加,而紫外透过率从整体上表现出先降低后增加的趋势。当乙烯基MQ树脂质量分数为80%时,高透紫外加成型液体硅橡胶具有良好的综合性能(拉伸强度5.57 MPa,断裂伸长率265.34%,350 nm下的透过率90.5%)。     

乙烯基MQ硅树脂补强液体硅橡胶的力学性能

液体硅橡胶内聚能密度小、力学强度低,是限制其应用的主要障碍。文中通过正硅酸酯法,合成了一种相对分子质量及乙烯基含量可控的MQ硅树脂,并研究了其对液体硅橡胶的补强作用。研究结果表明,与传统白炭黑补强液体硅橡胶相比,乙烯基MQ硅树脂补强液体硅橡胶的力学性能更优异。当乙烯基MQ硅树脂质量分数达到15%时,液体硅橡胶的拉伸强度达到7.2 MPa,撕裂强度达到44.7 kN/m,断裂伸长率达到453%,Shore A硬度达到53。特别地,乙烯基MQ硅树脂与液体硅橡胶的相容性良好,乙烯基MQ硅树脂补强液体硅橡胶的透光率大于80%,完全符合LED封装对液体硅橡胶力学性能和透光率的要求。     

疏水性白炭黑增强硅橡胶的工艺及力学性能研究

研究了疏水性白碳黑增强硅橡胶的混炼时间、可塑性、硫化性、力学性能.研究结果表明,采用疏水性白炭黑增强硅橡胶,缩短了胶料的混炼时间,降低了硫化胶的硬度和拉伸强度,提高了硫化胶的延伸率.     

SAN树脂相对分子量的连续变化对ABS树脂力学性能的影响

通过乳液聚合方法合成了一系列相时分子量连续变化的SAN树脂。将其与同一种PB-g-SAN接枝共聚物进行熔融共混,测试了制得的ABS树脂的力学性能。测试结果表明．合成过程中分子量调节剂TDDM用量越多,SAN树脂的相对分子量越低,SAN树脂的熔体流动速率越高。以相同橡胶含量共混制得的ABS树脂的冲击强度越高,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率也越高。系统考察SAN树脂相对分子量的变化时制得的ABS树脂力学性能的影响,时生产特种牌号ABS树脂具有借鉴作用。     

改性芳纶浆粕增强橡胶基复合材料的性能研究

采用戊二醛、二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)/氯化锂(LiCl)/磷酸溶液对对位芳纶浆粕纤维表面改性,形成了交联网状结构。以硅橡胶生胶为主要原料,加入各类填料经过混炼、硫化后制得对位芳纶浆粕/硅橡胶混炼胶复合材料。研究结果表明,以2%戊二醛为交联剂,芳纶浆粕含量为10份条件下,制得的硅橡胶复合材料性能较好。硅橡胶复合材料的邵尔A型硬度达到86度,拉伸强度达到8.9MPa,伸长率达到128%,撕裂强度达到12.8kN/m,压缩永久变形为55%。制得的硅橡胶复合材料比普通硅橡胶具有优异的力学性能,在密封材料领域有广泛的应用前景。     

氢化度与丙烯腈含量对HNBR硫化胶性能的影响

研究了氢化度和丙烯腈含量对氢化丁腈橡胶(HNBR)硫化特性、力学性能、热老化性能以及热性能的影响。利用核磁共振(NMR)考察了不同型号HNBR橡胶的交联性能;并采用凝胶色谱法(GPC)对生胶的分子量和分子量分布进行了测定,给出了橡胶门尼黏度与其分子量和分子量分布之间的关系。结果表明,随着氢化度与丙烯腈含量的增加,Tg升高;硫化胶的交联密度随着不饱和度和丙烯腈含量的增加而增加;氢化度升高,硫化胶的拉伸强度变化不大,扯断伸长率和撕裂强度降低,100%定伸增加;丙烯腈含量升高,硫化胶的拉伸强度、撕裂强度和100%定伸提高,扯断伸长率变化不大。     

四苯基苯基甲基乙烯基硅橡胶的合成及性能研究

以羟基封端多乙烯基硅油,四苯基环戊二烯酮,α-氯萘为原料,通过Diels-Alder反应制得了一种具有稠环结构的四苯基苯基多乙烯基硅油。并对四苯基苯基多乙烯基硅油进行了表征;并分别以四苯基苯基多乙烯基硅油、含氢硅油,乙烯基硅油为原料,通过硅氢加成反应室温硫化制备了四苯基苯基甲基乙烯基硅橡胶,并对四苯基苯基甲基乙烯基硅橡胶的热性能、拉伸强度、剪切强度的性能进行了测试。结果表明:在四苯基苯基多乙烯基硅油添加量为4%(wt,质量分数)条件下,四苯基苯基甲基乙烯基硅橡胶初始分解温度为449.06℃,拉伸强度为1.42MPa,剪切强度为0.84MPa,热稳定性能和力学性能得到提高。     

支链型乙烯基硅油改性有机硅灌封材料的性能

采用支链型乙烯基硅油改性的端乙烯基硅油为灌封硅橡胶的基础胶,并分别以沉淀法和气相法白炭黑进行补强,研究了不同用量和品种白炭黑补强对灌封材料的黏度、力学性能、粘接性能和电学性能的影响。结果表明,当401-1500/411-4800=100/15时,灌封材料黏度适中并且力学性能较好;沉淀法白炭黑加入量在20phr～25phr时,灌封材料具有较好的工艺性能,拉伸强度最大值达到2.27MPa,剪切强度最大值达到4.64MPa,电绝缘性良好。     

新型加成型硫化硅橡胶的研究

以含环氧基聚二甲基硅氧烷为基胶，以胺类化合物为固化交联剂进行了新型加成型硫化硅橡胶的研究。实验结果表明，在基胶分子量为２×１０４～３×１０４，环氧链节数为１％时，采用脂肪胺ＴＥＰＡ、ＰＥＰＡ等以及７０３＃为固化剂，制备得到了具有一定机械力学强度的中温硫化硅橡胶。在基胶分子量约为５×１０５，环氧链节数为０．４％～０．５％时，以ＰＥＰＡ为固化交联剂，在１３０℃×４ｈ二段硫化工艺条件下，制备得到了拉伸强度为２．０～２．３ＭＰａ，邵氏硬度为４６～７６的高温硫化硅橡胶。同时初步讨论了环氧基开环反应机理     

聚己内酯增强生物基聚酯弹性体

针对生物基聚酯弹性体(BEE)力学性能较差的问题,采用聚己内酯(PCL)作为BEE的增强相,通过溶液共混及橡胶传统硫化工艺,制备了具有较高力学性能的生物基BEE/PCL硫化胶.通过动态力学性能、扫描电镜、差示扫描量热法、X射线衍射、力学性能测试等,对BEE/PCL硫化胶的相容性、微观相态、热性能及结晶性能、力学性能进行了表征.BEE/PCL硫化胶只有1个玻璃化转变温度,为热力学相容体系,但扫描电镜分析结果表明,BEE/PCL硫化胶为微观相分离体系.随着PCL含量的增加,BEE/PCL硫化胶的结晶度逐渐增加,拉伸强度逐渐增加,断裂伸长率先增加后降低.研究发现,当BEE与PCL的质量比为8:2,BEE/PCL硫化胶的力学性能较优,拉伸强度为5.1 MPa、断裂伸长率为292％.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.