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UHMWPE一直是常用作人工关节的轴承材料,在长期使用的情况下,因其受压力、润滑剂、对磨材料等因素的影响而产生的磨损最终导致人工关节失效。简述了UHMWPE在人工关节中的磨损机理,重点介绍了其影响因素以及其摩擦磨损性能的改性方法,并对UHMWPE用于人工关节的研究及发展前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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采用模压-滤取和高温真空熔渍工艺制备了多孔聚醚醚酮(PEEK)发汗式自润滑材料,并分别考察了成型压力、造孔剂含量和润滑油脂种类对PEEK多孔自润滑材料的摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果表明,压力为100MPa,NaCl的质量分数为30%,采用通用锂基脂时,所得多孔PEEK自润滑材料的磨损率最低,200N下磨损率为2.73×10-16m3/(N.m),与纯PEEK干摩擦相比耐磨性提高了1245倍,其耐磨性较经典的炭纤维增强PEEK复合材料还提高了32倍。研究表明,多孔结构能够储存润滑油,在摩擦过程中能通过发汗作用在对偶面上形成稳定连续的油膜而起到良好的润滑作用,从而大幅降低复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损率。 相似文献
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聚醚醚酮(PEEK)具有良好的化学稳定性和优异的力学性能,有望替代传统的金属和陶瓷材料,成为骨科、整形以及牙科植入物的新选择,但目前PEEK材料的表面生物惰性在一定程度上限制了其临床应用。相比于将活性材料与PEEK进行混合来提高材料的骨整合能力,表面改性不仅能够保持PEEK基体材料本身良好的力学性能,而且可以有效改善材料表面与周围组织的相互作用,是提高其生物活性的一种行之有效的途径。本文将综述PEEK材料表面改性策略的最新研究进展,基于改性方法的原理以及过程的不同,分别从表面直接物理处理、表面物理沉积以及湿化学法三个方面对各自的技术原理和研究进展进行总结,并分析各类方法的优缺点。最后,系统分析各类表面改性策略有待解决的主要问题,并对今后的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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复合改性是进一步提高聚醚醚酮(PEEK)使用性能、扩展其应用领域的重要途径.本文综述了PEEK在热机械性能、摩擦学性能等方面的复合改性研究进展,以及PEEK复合材料在生物假体材料领域、磺化PEEK复合材料在质子交换膜领域的应用研究进展. 相似文献
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本文了分析水泥路面的磨损机理,通过室内试验比选道路混凝土耐磨损性能的改善技术,并采用微观分析其改性机理。 相似文献
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水力机械胶粘耐磨涂层的制备及性能研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为了提高在腐蚀与磨损环境下金属机械设备的使用寿命,采用胶粘涂层法制备了具有耐冲蚀磨损性能的水力机械胶粘耐磨涂层.富锌环氧底层和环氧云铁中间涂层均能有效地防止氧、水和盐等腐蚀介质对金属基体的侵蚀,改性的环氧耐磨表面层则具有优异的耐冲蚀磨损性能.采用自制砂流冲蚀试验机对涂层的耐磨损性能进行测试,结果表明,涂层的磨损率平均值为0.012%,具有比同类产品更好的耐冲蚀磨损性能;底部涂层与基体间相互吸附、涂层间相互扩散、基材表面与底部涂层机械互锁,均能使涂层与涂层之间、底层与基体之间在界面处形成牢固的结合,有利于提高涂层的抗冲蚀磨损性能. 相似文献
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Masao Doyama 《Bulletin of Materials Science》1999,22(3):723-728
By making a step on one surface (
) of a rectangular small paralellepiped copper crystal, dislocations could be created by the molecular dynamic method. The
dislocation created was not a complete edge dislocation but a pair of Heidenreich-Shockley partial dislocations. Each time
a dislocation was created, the stress on the surface was released. Small copper crystals having a notch were pulled (until
fracture), compressed and buckled by use of the molecular dynamic method. An embedded atom potential was used to represent
the interaction between atoms. Dislocations were created near the tip of the notch. A very sharp yield stress was observed.
The results of high speed deformations of pure silicon small crystals using the molecular dynamics are presented. The results
suggest that plastic deformation may be possible for the silicon with a high speed deformation even at room temperature. Another
small size single crystal, the same size and the same surfaces, was compressed using molecular dynamic method. The surfaces
are {110}, {112} and {111}. The compressed direction was [111]. It was found that silicon crystals are possible to be compressed
with a high speed deformation. This may suggest that silicon may be plastically deformed with high speed deformation. 相似文献
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目的 探索江门世遗文化的传承、发展和转化的新思路,践行国家在《粤港澳大湾区发展规划》纲要中要求江门承担与港澳地区文化创意合作与开发任务的分工。方法 与澳门高校紧密合作,开展专业培训课程,以开平碉楼为例,从人文视角开展设计研究,梳理开平碉楼的文化脉络,把世遗文化的元素和其背后的文化融入文创产品中,提升文创产品的附加值,推动当地文创产业结构的变革。结果 两地高校构建了稳定的科研团队,开设长期有效的设计培训课程,与景区建立了研究协作关系,帮助景区构建了一套产销研的商业模式。结论 以跨区域高校合作为平台,以文创产品为抓手,依托江澳两地的资源优势,可以构建江门世遗文化全新的品牌形象,最终推动开平世遗文化的活化。 相似文献
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Production planning and scheduling are becoming the core of production management, which support the decision of a petrochemical company. The optimization of production planning and scheduling is attempted by every refinery because it gains additional profit and stabilizes the daily production. The optimization problem considered in industry and academic research is of different levels of realism and complexity, thus increasing the gap. Operation research with mathematical programming is a conventional approach used to address the planning and scheduling problem. Additionally, modeling the processes, objectives, and constraints and developing the optimization algorithms are significant for industry and research. This paper introduces the perspective of production planning and scheduling from the development viewpoint. 相似文献
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Albert C. Parr 《Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology》2001,106(1):151-186
The national measurement system for photometric and radiometric quantities is presently based upon techniques that make these quantities traceable to a high-accuracy cryogenic radiometer. The redefinition of the candela in 1979 provided the opportunity for national measurement laboratories to base their photometric measurements on optical detector technology rather than on the emission from high-temperature blackbody optical sources. The ensuing technical developments of the past 20 years, including the significant improvements in cryogenic radiometer performance, have provided the opportunity to place the fundamental maintenance of photometric quantities upon absolute detector based technology as was allowed by the 1979 redefinition. Additionally, the development of improved photodetectors has had a significant impact on the methodology in most of the radiometric measurement areas. This paper will review the status of the NIST implementation of the technical changes mandated by the 1979 redefinition of the candela and its effect upon the maintenance and dissemination of optical radiation measurements. 相似文献
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Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a central metabolite that plays an indispensable role in various cellular processes, from energy supply to cell-to-cell signaling. Nature has developed sophisticated strategies to use the energy stored in ATP for many metabolic and non-equilibrium processes, and to sense and bind ATP for biological signaling. The variations in the ATP concentrations from one organelle to another, from extracellular to intracellular environments, and from normal cells to cancer cells are one motivation for designing ATP-triggered and ATP-fueled systems and materials, because they show great potential for applications in biological systems by using ATP as a trigger or chemical fuel. Over the last decade, ATP has been emerging as an attractive co-assembling component for man-made stimuli-responsive as well as for fuel-driven active systems and materials. Herein, current advances and emerging concepts for ATP-triggered and ATP-fueled self-assemblies and materials are discussed, shedding light on applications and highlighting future developments. By bringing together concepts of different domains, that is from supramolecular chemistry to DNA nanoscience, from equilibrium to non-equilibrium self-assembly, and from fundamental sciences to applications, the aim is to cross-fertilize current approaches with the ultimate aim to bring synthetic ATP-dependent systems closer to living systems. 相似文献
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