汽车导航多通道交互设计

目的研究汽车导航多通道交互的设计方法。方法采用用户调研和文献研究的方法,对汽车导航多通道交互的特点进行了阐释,通过研究交互过程,构建了导航多通道交互模型,根据汽车导航多通道交互下的驾驶任务特点,分析了汽车导航多通道交互中的资源与通道竞争情况。结论对汽车导航交互通道特点进行探讨并提出了汽车导航各通道设计策略,结合设计实践对理论可行性进行了验证。     

基于情境意识的汽车导航界面设计研究

目的研究基于情境意识的汽车导航交互界面的设计方法。方法分析汽车导航交互中用户情境意识的认知机制,将用户情境意识的内部思维特点映射到汽车导航交互界面设计过程中。结论从感知、理解、预测3个层级描述了汽车导航交互中用户情境意识的生成过程,对汽车导航用户情境意识产生的心智模型进行了归类,通过心智模型特点分析了汽车导航界面设计策略,最后通过设计实践对理论进行了可行性验证。     

面向年轻女性用户的汽车导航界面情感意象设计研究

目的 提高年轻女性驾驶员对汽车导航界面的情感体验满意度,促进年轻女性用户汽车消费意愿的增长。方法 首先采用SD语义差异法建立导航界面典型性样本与感性意象词汇的语义映射关系,其次使用量表法,从布局、色彩、表现和体验四方面获取年轻女性感性意象信息,并建立评价尺度图,进而结合情感层次理论对上述感性要素进行类型划分。结果 提出面向年轻女性需求的汽车导航界面情感化设计策略,得出多级量化目标作为设计策略分析的来源和依据,并通过设计实践和设计评估验证了该方法的可行性。结论 将感性意象设计与情感化设计相结合的方法能够更加准确有效地剖析年轻女性对汽车导航界面的情感偏好,为面向性别需求差异性的情感体验研究提供了可借鉴的思路与方法。     

针对全盲用户的导航软件信息无障碍设计

目的 研究影响全盲用户使用导航软件的因素,并基于信息无障碍设计,提出具体的设计策略和服务系统架构,为导航软件进一步服务全盲用户提供借鉴。方法 首先,提出信息无障碍设计中信息的等效替代、强固性、易用性及设计的通用性原则。其次,从生理、认知和行为习惯等方面分析全盲用户群特征,并通过实地访谈和观察实验的方法对全盲用户进行调查研究,构建人物角色模型,绘制用户旅程图,从而获知全盲用户使用导航软件的痛点和机会点。结论 研究表明当前导航软件的无障碍服务水平有待提升,存在缺少盲道指引、无障碍物提示、目的地定位不准确等问题,因此,在增加盲道指引,利用听觉感官给予交互反馈,提供实时路况这3个具体功能点的基础上,构建信息无障碍的服务系统架构。     

基于中老年群体特性的导航交互App设计分析

PC时代到移动端时代的变革,使移动端产品成为新时代的主旋律,为了更好地服务于中老年人群体,探索出地图导航交互设计在针对中老年群体上的不足,本文通过研究、分析、总结中老年群体的感觉、知觉、运动控制特性以及出行的行为习惯特性,进行导航服务功能的交互设计实践,达到优化导航服务和提高中老年群体出行体验的目的。     

智能汽车控制APP中求助界面的设计与应用

目的寻找智能汽车控制APP中失助现象背后的用户界面设计原因,提高出行求助的合理性。方法基于对智能车控APP界面设计中求助问题的理解,归纳三个失助的原因:复杂的激活方式、视觉信息识别和记忆困难,场景匹配度低。通过对汽车出行中静态和动态场景的了解和用户行为的理解,进而从行为逻辑理论的角度,提出智能车控APP求助界面的交互设计和视觉设计思路,探索求助服务的设计机会点,并通过案例来证明。结果从激活的交互方式简单化、视觉信息结构化、求助图形语意明确化和协作平台化的角度提出了APP求助界面设计的新方法。结论智能车控APP中求助界面应基于静态和动态场景的特征,从用户行为角度去优化求助逻辑、组织视觉信息和产品帮助策略,实现求有所助,避免功能流于形式。     

汽车语音交互模型及设计策略

目的 在智能技术飞速发展、用户需求不断增长的背景下,以用户体验为中心,探索汽车工业“新四化”趋势下的汽车语音交互新形态,重构汽车语音交互模型,针对性地提出交互设计策略。方法 分析车载语音系统与用户之间的信息交流过程,构建汽车语音界面架构和交互模型。通过“新四化”趋势下汽车语音交互在信息主体、信息范围和信息内容等方面的变化综述,运用信息处理流程理论开展汽车语音交互模型和设计策略研究。结果 根据车载语音系统的信息处理流程,提出了以功能层、内容层、形式层、情感层为信息架构的汽车语音界面,构建了基于信息交流的汽车语音交互模型。基于语音界面的信息架构理论,提出了未来的汽车语音交互在功能拓展、内容丰富、形式优化和情感满足等方面的设计策略。结论 从信息交流角度开展的汽车语音交互设计研究,对车载语音系统交互设计和体验优化具有参考意义。     

基于服务设计的“同道”个性化旅游APP设计研究

目的 调查分析传统旅游出行方式方法,提出运用服务设计的思维和方法,完善提高即兴旅行以及独自出行的适应性情感化需要,建立一套针对年轻人的新型旅行方式的服务策略。方法 在进行了文献调查、用户访谈以及样本研究的基础上,提出了服务设计的思想策略,通过人物角色卡、故事板、用户行程图以及服务蓝图的建立,构建设计原型“同道”APP,并以此论证设计导向和策略实施的现实必要性。结论 以用户为中心的旅游体验式服务设计,将地理环境要素和人文历史要素相结合,同时与用户行为、用户情绪、痛点和机会点结合起来分析,更加直观和客观地了解用户。通过有形的实体和无形的服务理念的建立,利用服务优先级考虑,提供更加舒适、安全和充满回忆的个人深度游服务,促进个性化旅游的发展。     

基于情境感知的车载信息娱乐系统交互设计研究

目的从用户的生活习惯入手,了解用户驾驶出行的目的,以及在驾驶出行的场景中各种情境影响因素、遇到的问题,结合情境感知的技术,让用户在驾驶环境中更加自然地与车载产品进行交互。方法通过观察、访谈和问卷调查等方法,对白领用户出行这一问题进行定性和定量分析,总结出了关于驾驶出行的故事情境。并通过卡片分类、任务优先级排序等方法,得到行程管理、安全保障、信息传达、情绪舒缓和沟通分享这五大类任务,建立了基于情境感知的车载信息娱乐系统的设计模型,结合工作坊定位了"途易"车载信息娱乐系统的设计方案。结论在理论方面,提出了基于情境感知的车载信息娱乐系统的设计策略;在车载端的交互形式方面,提出了结合屏幕边缘的物理参考做屏幕分区域的定向手势滑动切换功能;在驾驶出行的流程上,考虑确定了车载端、手机APP和微信小程序3个模块的设计。     

基于八角行为分析的服务设计策略研究

目的 尝试将用户行为作为服务设计研究目标,将八角行为分析法引入服务设计,为服务设计及用户研究工作提供创新思路及指导策略。方法 基于八角行为分析法、用户体验及服务设计理论,结合文献调研,构建适用于服务设计的SD-八角模型,提出基于八角行为分析的“二维五步”设计迭代策略。结果 以健身机构为例,从宏观及微观的双重视角,对静态服务系统及动态用户行为进行“二维约束”。结合以SD-八角模型为中心的“五步迭代”策略,将用户体验历程按照用户类型及体验时间展开进行分析,完成立体化、多层级的用户行为分析。结论 将游戏思维融入服务设计,辅助设计者更为精准、全面地进行用户研究,从而发现具有不同可行性的设计机会点,为服务策略提供有效的信息。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Mechanism Study on the Wear of CrAlTiN Coated High-Speed Steel Twist Drills Under Dry Cutting Conditions

As demands about environment protection are growing up, dry cutting technology is getting more and more concerns from all over the world. Main works performed here are study on dry cutting performances and wear mechanisms of M2high-speed steel (HSS) twist drills with CrAlTiN multicomponent coatings, which was deposited using magnetron sputter ion plating system, in drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, and their comparisons to those in drilling the same steel but using monolayer CrN and commercial TiN coated drills. Drilling performances of drills are evaluated mainly through the measurements of width on outer corner flank land and the cutting forces. Results show that performances of CrAlTiN coated drills are better than those of monolayer CrN and TiN coated drills. In drilling 45 and 30CrMnSiA steel, the average tool life of the CrAlTiN coated drills are 17.2 and 11.8 times higher than those of the uncoated drills. Observing wear of the drill with scanning electronic microscope, results show that there is no crack or spallation of the CrAlTiN coatings in wear zones. Main mechanism of the wear here is adhesion.     

Study on Bond Ability of Arc-Spraying Coatings with Different Surface Pretreatment on Cast-Iron

Arc spraying coatings are widely used in various applications, but uncommon in cast iron substrate. Different surface pretreatment technology is tested on substrates of gray cast iron. Surface roughness and residual stress were measured by TR200 and X-ray diffraction analyzer. Influence of different surface pretreatment methods ( dry blasting and fusebond) on roughness and residual stress was analyzed. The arc-sprayed coatings of wire 3Cr13 (φ2mm) on gray cast iron substrate is studied. The microstructure and interface of bonding layer were observed by SEM. The bond strength was taken by tensile test. Results show that bond strength with grit blasting is higher than fuse-bond; it is feasible to make wire 3Cr13 coating with arc spraying on cast iron substrate roughened by grit blasting.     

Structural Characteristics of TiO2 Ceramic Coating by Micro-Plasma Oxidation

TiO2 ceramic coatings with thickness of 20 μm were formed on the surface of pure titanium by micro-plasma oxidation. Their micro-structures were investigated by by using X-ray diffraction and their surface images were detected by using scan electronic microscope. There were three kinds of TiO2 coatings, pure anatase type TiO2 phase, mixed phases consisted of rutile type TiO2 phase and anatase type TiO2 phase, pure rutile type TiO2 phase. The coating surface with the pure anatase type TiO2 phase is rough, while the coating surface with the pure rutile type TiO2phase is smooth. The upper coating surface with the mixed type TiO2 phases is anatase type TiO2 structure and the subsurface of the TiO2 coating is rutile type TiO2structure.     

Evaluation of fatigue life of steel using steel grain size

The insightful discussion of the relationship between the construction of metallographic and fatigue life and proposition of mathematical relationships describing this relationship was conducted in the paper. This paper presents a method for estimating the fatigue life, based on the construction of the microstructural material taking into account the grain size and the participation of ferrite and pearlite phase.