衬底对溶胶凝胶法制备TiO2薄膜性能的影响

以钛酸丁酯为前驱体,经浸渍拉膜法在不锈钢以及表面预镀一层非晶态SiO2薄膜的不锈钢表面镀TiO2薄膜.利用XRD、FE-SEM研究了薄膜晶体结构与表面形貌,同时研究了不同衬底上薄膜光催化活性和亲水性,并与以玻璃为衬底的作比较.结果表明,衬底对TiO2薄膜表面形貌及性能的影响很大.以不锈钢为衬底的TiO2薄膜性能光催化活性较弱,但在表面预镀一层非晶态SiO2后TiO2薄膜的光催化活性有所改善.     

锐钛矿型二氧化钛薄膜制备及其光催化性能研究

在室温下采用直流磁控反应溅射法制备纳米TiO2薄膜,用XRD、XPS等手段对未退火及不同退火温度处理的薄膜进行了研究,以紫外灯为光源对亚甲基兰进行了光催化降解试验.结果表明:室温制备未退火的薄膜为非晶结构,400～500℃退火的薄膜为锐钛矿相结构.制备的锐钛矿型TiO2薄膜具有一定的光催化性能,在500℃退火2 h且厚度较大的薄膜光催化性能较好.     

电子束蒸镀纳米TiO_2薄膜结构、相组成及亲水性研究

利用电子束蒸镀技术在石英玻璃和单晶Si〈100〉上制备了纳米TiO2薄膜,研究了衬底温度和退火温度对其结构、相组成和亲水性能的影响。结果表明,衬底温度为40~240℃时,石英玻璃上制备的薄膜为无定型TiO2,单晶Si〈100〉上制备的薄膜为弱结晶性的金红石TiO2,两类薄膜的亲水性均很差。退火温度显著影响薄膜的相组成及亲水性能。石英玻璃上不同衬底温度制备的TiO2薄膜经550,650℃退火后均转变为锐钛矿TiO2,具有很好的亲水性能。单晶Si〈100〉上不同衬底温度制备的TiO2薄膜经550~950℃退火后,均由金红石和锐钛矿TiO2混晶组成,且随退火温度升高,薄膜中锐钛矿TiO2含量逐渐增加;随退火温度升高,衬底温度为40℃时制备的TiO2薄膜的亲水性能逐渐降低,而衬底温度为240℃时制备的TiO2薄膜的亲水性能逐渐增强。     

微波辐射溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2薄膜及其降解铬黑T的活性

通过微波辐射溶胶一凝胶法（sol-gel）法在导电玻璃（ITO）基体上制备TiO2纳米薄膜光催化剂，考察不同加热方式、微波时间、酸处理、薄膜层数等对TiO2纳米粒子及薄膜的影响。以可见光谱（UV-VIS）、X射线衍射（XRD）对TiO2薄膜进行了表征，并通过薄膜光催化降解铬黑T溶液的性能进行了研究。实验表明，ITO玻璃表面的TiO2纳米薄膜经HNO3和微波处理后，因协同效应使薄膜的光催化活性大大增强。     

电弧离子镀锐钛矿型TiO2薄膜光催化降解苯酚

采用电弧离子镀法在普通玻璃表面制备透明的TiO2薄膜,用AFM、XRD对TiO2薄膜表面进行了表征,结果表明未经退火的薄膜主要以非晶态型存在;经过500℃退火后,纳米TiO2薄膜主要为锐钛矿结构.研究了纳米TiO2薄膜对难降解的有机物苯酚进行了研究,半小时就降解了30%,经500℃退火后的纳米TiO2薄膜光催化性能更为显著.     

柱状晶形貌TiO2膜厚对FTO/TiO2镀膜玻璃光催化活性影响

采用溶胶凝胶法,在FTO(SnO2:F)低辐射镀膜玻璃衬底上制备了柱状晶体结构的TiO2薄膜,获得双层结构FTO/TiO2镀膜玻璃样品.研究了TiO2薄膜厚度对FTO/TiO2镀膜玻璃样品的光催化活性、低辐射性能以及透光性能的影响.结果表明,FTO/TiO2镀膜玻璃样品光催化活性随着TiO2薄膜厚度的增加先升高后下降,在TiO2薄膜厚度为300 nm时光催化活性最佳;低辐射性能随着TiO2薄膜厚度的增加而下降,但TiO2薄膜厚度为300 nm时仍然具备一定的低辐射性能;透光性能与TiO2薄膜膜厚的关系不大,可见光透射比保持在72%左右;表面平均粗糙度约为1 nm,表面光滑,不易沾染油污灰尘.该镀膜玻璃在保证低辐射建筑节能和透光的前提下,兼具光催化自清洁功能,具有很好的应用前景.     

纳米TiO2薄膜的制备及其光催化性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶(Sol-gel)法在玻璃衬底上制备了纳米TiO2薄膜.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、紫外可见一光谱(UV/vis)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对纳米TiO2进行表征.结果表明,经300～700℃退火得到的TiO2粉体呈锐钛矿相,经800℃退火得到了锐钛矿相与金红石相的混合晶相,经900℃退火完全转化为金红石相.薄膜表面粒子分布均匀,表面平均粗糙度为1.54nm,该薄膜具有较高的光催化活性,可直接用于光催化降解有机物等领域,具有广阔的应用前景.     

不同水解抑制剂制备纳米TiO_2薄膜及其性能

本文以钛酸丁酯、三乙醇胺、冰醋酸、盐酸等为主要原料,采用溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)法和旋转涂膜工艺在玻璃衬底上制备均匀、透明的纳米TiO2薄膜。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外-可见光谱(UV/vis)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对纳米TiO2进行表征,结果显示:经500℃退火后,三乙醇胺、冰醋酸作水解抑制剂制备的TiO2粉体为锐钛矿晶相,而盐酸作水解抑制剂制备的TiO2粉体为锐钛矿、金红石和板钛矿的混合晶相;纳米TiO2薄膜存在光催化活性和吸收带边不同程度的蓝移,且用三乙醇胺制备的TiO2薄膜的蓝移最大,光催化活性最强。     

单晶TiN颗粒为前驱体制备TiO2薄膜及其光催化性能（英文）

为了开发高活性的二氧化钛(TiO2)光催化剂,通过简易的两步法制备了TiO2薄膜.首先将钛片放入氮化钛(TiN)纳米颗粒悬浮液中,然后干燥这一体系制得TiN/Ti薄膜,最后通过煅烧TiN薄膜前驱体制备了平整均一的二氧化钛(TiO2)薄膜.通过考察退火温度对样品光吸收性能的影响,确定最优退火温度为500℃.在此条件下制备的TiO2为多晶锐钛矿,吸收边带400 nm.以制备的TiO2薄膜为催化剂,3 h内苯酚的降解率达到88%,远大于使用德固赛TiO2(P25)时的62%,制备的二氧化钛薄膜比P25显示出更优良的光催化性能,其光催化降解苯酚的动力学常数为P25的2.2倍.     

直流反应溅射TiO2薄膜的制备及其性能研究

采用直流反应磁控溅射的方法,溅射高纯钛靶在ITO石英衬底上制备了TiO2薄膜.用XRD、Raman光谱、AFM和紫外-可见光分光光度计分别测试了TiO2薄膜的结构、表面形貌和紫外-可见光透射谱,研究了工艺因素中溅射气压、氧氩比和退火温度对薄膜结构的影响.采用C(胶)/TiO2/ITO三层结构研究了锐钛矿TiO2薄膜的紫外光响应.实验结果表明:较低的溅射气压、合适的氧氩比和较高的退火温度有利于锐钛矿TiO2薄膜的结晶.在2 V的偏压下,锐钛矿TiO2薄膜的紫外光响应上升迟豫时间约为3 s,稳定光电流可达到2.1 mA,对紫外光的灵敏性和稳定的光响应表明TiO2薄膜有可能成为一种新的紫外光探测器材料.     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.