大功率白光LED路灯发光板设计与驱动技术

如何提高大功率白光LED路灯发光板的光转化率以及散热性能,关键就在于对LED芯片进行扩充,通过扩大;蒜片的面积,从而增加芯片的出光量。另外,扩大芯片面积,并使用电极优化技术,是芯片表面的热流量平均分布,从而让其工作更加稳定、有效率。本文主要从LED路灯发光板设计与驱动技术方面进行分析,为提高芯片的采光率、白光质量以及散热技术等方面提供依据,并通过利用光线归一化数学模型进行计算,得出LED芯片间的最好距离,最后通过对白光LED路灯的驱动方案与技术进行比较,从而为白光LED最佳驱动提出几点科学的建议。     

白光LED用氮化物红色荧光粉的研究进展

白光LED是一种符合环保和节能的绿色照明光源,而红色荧光粉的性能对白光LED的显色指数及色温的影响极其显著.氮化物材料的结构和组成的多样性,以及独特的局部配位环境使其具有丰富的发光颜色、可协调发光性、较高的量子效率和较小的热猝灭性等发光性能.本文主要从晶体结构、发光特性、量子效率、化学稳定性和物理稳定性等方面总结了不同类型的氮化物红色荧光粉的最新研究成果和发展现状.最后,对氮化物红色荧光粉的研究进行了展望.     

星用光纤通信系统中的发光二极管的总剂量效应研究

介绍了星用光纤通信系统中的发光二极管在 6 0 Co- γ射线辐照下的总剂量效应试验研究 ,通过对不同剂量辐照情况下发光二极管的发光光谱、伏安特性及 P- I曲线进行测试 ,给出了在不同剂量的 γ- 6 0 Co射线辐照下发光二极管的发光光谱、伏安特性及 P- I曲线     

白光LED用稀土红色荧光粉的研究进展

白光LED具有低压、低功耗、高可靠性和长寿命等一系列优点,是一种符合环保和节能的绿色照明光源。现阶段制造高显色指数、低色温,大功率白光LED是白光LED发展的总体趋势。而红色荧光粉性能对白光LED的显色指数及色温的影响极其显著。本方法着重介绍和评述了白光LED用红色荧光粉硫化物、氮化物、钼酸盐和钨酸盐等几大主要体系的发光性质及最新研究成果和发展现状,并对白光LED用荧光粉的发展进行了展望。     

楔型连接槽在模组化LED路灯中的应用

为了解决LED路灯的散热问题,有效降低焊盘温度,从而提高灯具整体性能的稳定性,提升LED实际工作时的发光效率,本文对LED路灯模组接口进行了研究。首先分析了现有LED路灯模组接口(如四螺钉定位LED模组、ZHAGA联盟的路灯LED模组标准)的合理性及存在的缺陷,并由此总结出大功率照明用LED模组接口应该具备的3种特性。根据我国LED路灯的实际工作环境和安装条件,提出了一种具有一定辅助热传导作用、安装简单、且易于升级换代的接口楔型连接槽,并具体阐述了其在模组化LED路灯中的应用。此外,本文通过理论分析和实验验证的方式,证明了楔型连接槽模组接口应用于LED路灯上的优势及可推广性。     

固态照明系统研究进展

近年来,美国能源部组成了一个委员会来推动和长期发展节能白炽光照明系统.今天,大约有20%电力用于照明.当前的照明系统不仅耗能巨大,而且能源利用率极低.常用的白炽灯仅有5%的电能转化为可见光.甚至节能荧光灯(用荧光材料镀层的气体发光管)也仅有20%发光效率.固态发光器件用来替代传统的光源器件以后,可带来巨大的经济效率和环保效果.单个的发光二极管仅能发出单色的有限量的光,而固态照明系统必须发出白光.目前制备白光照明系统的研究包括以下几个方面:     

功率型白光LED荧光粉的研究进展

白光LED功率化的发展对于荧光材料的热稳定性以及发光可调性提出了更高的要求.综述了稀土掺杂(氧)氮化物以及钛酸盐两种具有高稳定性的荧光粉新体系,指出了它们的特点及优势,总结了制备方法以及发光性能调控方面的最新进展,并提出了今后研究和应用的方向.     

单芯片白光发光二极管研制成功

发光二极管在固态照明工程中占有重要的地位,在未来5～10年将逐步取代传统的照明灯具,成为节能、环保的新型光源。与传统的光源（白炽灯,日光灯,卤素灯等）相比,发光二极管光源具有许多优点,如长寿命,体积小,低功耗,低环境污染,高电光转换效率,适用性好和使用安全等。随着GaN基Ⅲ-Ⅴ族化合物技术的发展和蓝光LED的实现,人们已经可以获得实现白光的三基色发光二极管。     

白光LED用红色荧光粉的研究进展

白光LED具有低压、低功耗、高可靠性和长寿命等一系列优点,是一种符合节能环保的绿色照明光源.现阶段的白光LED显色指数低、色温较高,限制了白光LED在室内照明等领域的发展,而红色荧光粉能对白光LED的显色指数的提高及色温的改善影响极其显著.主要介绍白光LED用红色荧光粉几大主要体系的发光性质及最新发展现状.     

基于FLOEFD的散热器翅片间距仿真设计

新一代大功率白光LED光源具有很多优点,如节能、环保、寿命长等,但大功率LED的散热也是一个至关重要的问题。如果LED散热问题解决不好,LED灯具工作一段时间后就会输出光功率减小,芯片加速老化,工作寿命缩短。文章从LED散热问题着手,详细介绍了目前广泛商用的大功率LED器件结构及导热途径、所用散热片的特点,以及LED所用的散热片设计和模拟方法。     

Y2O3:Eu3+ phosphor: a novel solution for an increase in color rendering index of multi-chip white LED packages

Abstract

In this study, a novel compound is synthesized by adding the red-emitting Y₂O₃:Eu³⁺ dopant to conformal phosphor package (CPP) or in-cup phosphor package (IPP), to be employed as a component in multi-chip white LEDs lamps (W-LEDs). It was found that this solution can enhance the color rendering index (CRI) of W-LEDs that have correlated color temperatures of 5600 K through 8500 K to more than 86. Besides, the impacts of the Y₂O₃:Eu³⁺ phosphor on the attenuation of light through the phosphor layers, CPP and IPP, are also demonstrated based on the Beer–Lambert law and Mie theory. These results provide important information for producing W-LEDs with higher CRI.     

Temperature estimation of high-power light emitting diode street lamp by a multi-chip analytical solution

Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are now widely used in many fields including traffic lights, vehicle backlights and liquid crystal display (LCD) displays because of their long life, good illumination efficiency and low energy consumption. At present, LEDs are increasingly replacing the traditional lighting and are being used in general illumination such as the street lamp. For the high-power LED street lamps, good light extraction is the most important thing, but low junction temperature of the LED modules is also critical for achieving a long lifetime and a high optical efficiency. Actually, there have been many reports about early failures of street lamps, called dead lamps that have been regarded as a barrier in the public and administration acceptance of LED street lamps. Therefore temperature estimation is always a crucial issue for LED product development. A multi-chip spreading thermal resistance model was applied to estimate the temperature distribution of LED street lamp. The experiment was first done to obtain temperatures of several locations in a prototype LED street lamp. Then the multi-chip spreading resistance model was established to calculate the full temperature distribution. Comparison between the model calculation and experimental measurement showed a good agreement, which demonstrates that the present model can be used in engineering design to estimate the temperature distribution of high-power LED street lamps.     

Improvement of brightness with Al2O3 passivation layers on the surface of InGaN/GaN-based light-emitting diode chips

In this study, sputtered 50, 70 and 90 nm thick Al₂O₃ thin films were evaluated as a passivation layer in the process of InGaN-based blue as LEDs (Light-Emitting Diodes) in order to improve the brightness of LED lamps. For packaged LED lamps, lamps with Al₂O₃ passivation layer had higher brightness than ones with SiO₂ passivation layer, and LED lamps with 90-nm Al₂O₃ passivation layer were the brightest among four kinds of lamps. Although lamps with Al₂O₃ passivation layer had a bias voltage 0.25 V at 20 mA forward current higher the lamps built with SiO₂ passivation layer, their brightness was improved about 13.6% higher than the conventional LEDs with no change in emitting wavelength.     

Development of a Tunable LED-Based Colorimetric Source

A novel, spectrally tunable light-source utilizing light emitting diodes (LEDs) for radiometric, photometric, and colorimetric applications is described. The tunable source can simulate standard sources and can be used as a transfer source to propagate photometric and colorimetric scales from calibrated reference instruments to test artifacts with minimal increase in uncertainty. In this prototype source, 40 LEDs with 10 different spectral distributions were mounted onto an integrating sphere. A voltage-to-current control circuit was designed and implemented, enabling independent control of the current sent to each set of four LEDs. The LEDs have been characterized for stability and dependence on drive current. The prototype source demonstrates the feasibility of development of a spectrally tunable LED source using LEDs with up to 40 different spectral distributions. Simulations demonstrate that such a source would be able to approximate standard light-source distributions over the visible spectral range—from 380 nm to 780 nm—with deviations on the order of 2 %. The tunable LED source can also simulate spectral distributions of special sources such as discharge lamps and display monitors. With this tunable source, a test instrument can be rapidly calibrated against a variety of different source distributions tailored to the anticipated uses of the artifact. Target uncertainties for the calibration of test artifacts are less than 2 % in luminance and 0.002 in chromaticity for any source distribution.     

一种计算大功率LED光源模块器件结温的方法

研究了大功率LED光源模块各器件之间热传导的相互影响,建立了一种基于热阻矩阵的LED光源模块器件结温计算公式,然后以一个由5只1W大功率器件组成的光源模块为例,演示如何通过测量器件的正向工作电压计算热阻矩阵,进而计算各器件的结温,并与现有方法计算值以及红外测温仪实际测量值进行了比较,结果表明：本方法比现有计算方法更为准确,可以用来预测LED光源的使用寿命和系统可靠性。     

Light-emitting-diode-based light source for calibration of an intensified charge-coupled device detection system intended for galvanoluminescence measurements

A spectrally tunable light source utilizing three light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for calibration of a highly sensitive intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) optical detection system intended for time-resolved galvanoluminescence (GL) measurements is described. The source has been conceived as a low-cost substitute for standard tungsten lamps usually used for relative and absolute calibration of optical detection systems. Three LEDs with different spectral characteristics in conjunction with a system of two integrating spheres as light mixers and light reducers are used. This construction provides control over the source spectrum by changing individual LED contributions. The use of integration spheres eliminated angular distribution of light intensities of LEDs as well as angular dependence of their spectral contributions. Moreover, by using the source we have avoided the problem of stray and diffuse light of higher wavelengths, as well as different light intensities for different wavelengths (up to three orders of magnitude in the range from 400 nm to 750 nm), which we have with standard tungsten lamps. A complete calibration procedure for the LED source and ICCD detection system is described. Finally, for the first time, we have performed time-resolved spectral GL measurements during aluminum anodization in porous film-forming electrolyte phosphoric acid in a transient regime. Two peaks at 425 nm and 595 nm are recognized, confirming the same mechanism of GL in both transient and steady-state regimes of anodization.     

Superfocusing of mutimode semiconductor lasers and light-emitting diodes

The problem of focusing multimode radiation of high-power semiconductor lasers and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has been studied. In these sources, low spatial quality of the output beam determines theoretical limit of the focal spot size (one to two orders of magnitude exceeding the diffraction limit), thus restricting the possibility of increasing power density and creating optical field gradients that are necessary in many practical applications. In order to overcome this limitation, we have developed a method of superfocusing of multimode radiation with the aid of interference. It is shown that, using this method, the focal spot size of high-power semiconductor lasers and LEDs can be reduced to a level unachievable by means of traditional focusing. An approach to exceed the theoretical limit of power density for focusing of radiation with high propagation parameter M ₂ is proposed.     

Applicability of light-emitting diodes as light sources for active differential optical absorption spectroscopy measurements

We present what is to our knowledge the first use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as light sources for long-path differential optical absorption spectroscopy (LP-DOAS) measurements of trace gases in the open atmosphere. Modern LEDs represent a potentially advantageous alternative to thermal light sources, in particular to xenon arc lamps, which are the most common active DOAS light sources. The radiative properties of a variety of LEDs were characterized, and parameters such as spectral shape, spectral range, spectral stability, and ways in which they can be influenced by environmental factors were analyzed. The spectra of several LEDs were found to contain Fabry-Perot etalon-induced spectral structures that interfered with the DOAS evaluation, in particular when a constant temperature was not maintained. It was shown that LEDs can be used successfully as light sources in active DOAS experiments that measure NO2 and NO3 near 450 and 630 nm, respectively. Average detection limits of 0.3 parts in 10(9) and 16 parts in 10(12) respectively, were obtained by use of a 6 km light path in the open atmosphere.     

高光效、大功率LEDs/LDs用Ce:YAG透明陶瓷

Ce:YAG透明陶瓷可与蓝光LEDs/LDs复合, 用于大功率白光LEDs/LDs。本研究通过调整Ce:YAG透明陶瓷的厚度和Ce³⁺的掺杂浓度, 将组装器件的发射光谱和色坐标从冷白区调整到暖白区。以高纯(≥99.99%)商业粉体α-Al₂O₃、Y₂O₃、CeO₂为原料, 采用固相反应法制备了(Ce_xY_1-x)₃Al₅O₁₂ (x=0.0005、0.0010、0.0030、0.0050、0.0070和0.0100)透明陶瓷。陶瓷素坯在1750 ℃真空烧结20 h(真空度5.0×10^-5 Pa), 之后在马弗炉中退火1450 ℃×10 h。不同掺杂浓度Ce:YAG陶瓷(厚度分别为0.2、0.4、1.0 mm)在800 nm处的直线透过率均大于79%。Ce:YAG荧光陶瓷的热导率随着测试温度和掺杂浓度的增加而降低。采用有限元方法模拟不同厚度的Ce:YAG陶瓷和LED组装的热分布, 比较了三种封装方式的热分布。将Ce:YAG荧光陶瓷与LEDs/LDs复合, 制备出色坐标分别为(0.3319, 0.3827)和(0.3298, 0.3272)的白光, 发光效率分别为122.4和201.5 lm/W。将Ce:YAG荧光陶瓷和10、50 W商用蓝光LED芯片组合成熟灯具, 可用于商业用途。Ce:YAG透明陶瓷在大功率照明和显示的彩色转换材料应用领域极具潜力。     

Optical projection mires for measurements of the radii of curvature of the cornea in biomicroscopes

Keratometry is currently achieved by projecting a circular mire onto the patient's cornea and analyzing the size and shape of its reflected image. The projection mires are decisive for the precision of the measurement. We have previously developed a keratometric module for slit lamps, and the development of four projection mires are presented. Mire 1 is composed of optical fibers and electrical cables; Mire 2, 48 LEDs; Mire 3, optical fibers and no electrical cables; and Mire 4, mechanical parts--cable free. Mires 2-4 provide accurate keratometry measurements at slit lamps. Mire 4 is the most adequate for the clinical environment.