利用CPM实现自适应OFDM系统研究

在正交频分复用(OFDM)系统中应用自适应技术能有效地提高系统性能。正交频分复用-连续相位调制(OFDM-CPM)通过CPM相关相位状态引入记忆,从而获得比传统OFDM更好的误码性能。文章提出了一种利用单一的CPM调制方式实现自适应OFDM-CPM系统的新方案。仿真结果表明,选取最佳的CPM参数组合,通过改变CPM的参数来实现自适应OFDM-CPM调制,能够获得比传统调制方式要低的门限值,同时系统硬件实现更为简单。     

索引调制在水声通信中的应用及其研究进展

水声通信系统具有带宽受限和功率受限的显著特点。索引调制(Index Modulation, IM)技术在提高频谱效率、能源效率以及降低系统复杂度方面展现出了巨大潜力。因此,在过去的几年中,索引调制技术在水声通信中得到了广泛的应用,引起了国内外学者的普遍关注,有望成为高速水声通信系统的一个极具潜能的候选方案。文章聚焦于索引调制相关技术在水声通信中的应用,并对其性能进行分析,总结其研究进展。     

OFDM系统PAPR和OOB辐射联合抑制算法研究

正交频分复用(OFDM)技术具有频谱效率高和抗多径衰落能力强的优点,但存在高峰值平均功率比(PAPR)和高带外(OOB)辐射的固有缺点。部分PAPR抑制算法会导致OOB辐射升高,因此需要一种联合抑制OFDM系统的PAPR和OOB辐射的算法。本文提出了一种新的结合线性压扩和简化限幅滤波的混合式PAPR和OOB辐射联合抑制算法,该算法采用连续分段线性压扩(CPLC)算法抑制信号PAPR,并对压扩后的信号进行频域滤波;然后采用简化限幅滤波(SCF)算法降低频域滤波导致的峰值再生,保证信号的OOB辐射不再升高。接收端采用迭代接收算法提高系统的误码率性能。仿真结果表明,与CPLC、SCF方案相比,所提算法可以达到更好的PAPR和OOB辐射联合抑制性能,同时通过迭代接收算法获得与原始信号相近的误码率(BER)性能。     

基于正交复小波变换和小波去噪的改进系统De-OCWDM

用近似线性相位正交复小波变换(ALOCWT)取代了正交频分复用(OFDM)系统中的离散傅立叶变换(DFT),形成了正交复小波波分复用(OCWDM)系统.ALOCWT具有时频特性、正交特性、重构特性等特性,能够很好地取代DFT,同时ALOCWT能够保留复信号的相位信息,使得信号重构精度更高,从而提高了信号传输的准确性和系...     

Comparison between time shifted non-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing and OFDM

通过将时移参数引入多载波调制,形成了一种具有全新思想的时移非正交频分复用(TS-NFDM)调制技术,并通过理论分析和仿真实验将该技术的性能与当前在无线通信中扮演重要角色的正交频分复用(OFDM)技术进行了比较.比较结果表明,TS-NFDM技术具有明显的优势,其时移特性使其表现出许多优良的性能,其中最突出的是频带利用率高,约为OFDM的4.29倍,另外,信号功率的峰值均值比也明显低于OFDM.     

Turbo-CPM系统在窄带低信噪比条件下的性能研究

为克服窄带低信噪比系统传统接收机中解调器与译码器之间缺少信息共享的弊端,将迭代检测原理应用到连续相位调制(Turbo-CPM)系统中,提出了一种基于软输入软输出(SISO)算法的迭代检测方法,探讨了Turbo分量码结构、交织深度、迭代次数和连续相位调制(CPM)指数等主要参数对系统性能的影响,为实际应用中系统参数的选择提供了参考依据。加性高斯白噪声(AWGN)信道下的仿真结果表明:在窄带低信噪比特定条件下,基于Turbo码的八进制部分响应CPM(8M2RC)系统能够有效地改善系统的收敛性,降低地板效应出现的概率,提高系统的误比特率性能,同时兼顾了信息传输的有效性,提高了频带利用率。     

降低MIMO-OFDM系统中PAPR的PTS改进算法

MIMO-OFDM系统存在着严重的峰均功率比(PAPR),制约着MIMO-OFDM技术的应用,降低MIMO-OFDM系统的峰均比(PAPR)成为通信领域的研究热点。主要对概率类技术中的部分传输序列(PTS)算法的方法进行改进和优化。     

一个MTCM-OFDM系统模型及其性能的分析

提出了一种将多网格编码调制(MTCM)与正交频分复用(OFDM)系统相结合的方法,建立了一个MTCM-OFDM系统模型,并对其进行了性能分析和仿真.分析表明,MTCM可提高系统的误码率性能,将MTCM应用于OFDM系统,能增大OFDM符号内一组子载波上符号序列之间的欧氏距离,从而降低误码率,但不会造成信息速率和带宽效率的损失.根据MTCM网格图中不同状态下输出符号序列可以有较大欧氏距离的特点,给出了一种符号序列的两步检测算法:首先利用最大似然序列检测以较大概率检测出网格图的状态序列,然后在两个连续的状态之间检测判决符号序列.该算法利用了MTCM编码调制的特点,因而时延小、复杂度低,性能逼近直接的一步最大似然检测.理论分析和仿真结果均证明了MTCM-OFDM系统和这种检测算法的上述性能特点.     

OFDM削波噪声迭代消除算法

高峰均功率比(PAPR)的OFDM信号通过功率放大器的时候会产生非线性干扰,同时降低了放大器的工作效率。传统削波算法可以降低信号的PAPR,但是会带来较大的频谱扩展。作为一种新的削波算法,误差削波可以在降低OFDM信号PAPR值的同时不带来任何频谱扩展。但是这种削波会给信号带来更大的带内干扰噪声。提出了一种OFDM削波噪声迭代估计和消除算法,它能有效的消除由于误差削波带来的噪声。新方法通过建立削波噪声模型,在接收端根据该噪声模型用迭代的方法重新产生削波噪声。仿真结果表明,使用削波噪声消除算法后,使得系统的误码率性能接近未削波信号的水平。     

一种适用于时不变信道的信道估计方法

研究了时不变信道下突发式正交频分复用(OFDM)通信系统的信道估计问题,针对在突发式OFDM通信系统中不同时刻发送的帧存在不同的采样起始时刻偏差和载波起始相位偏差,使各帧的信道估计结果难以被其它帧利用的情况,提出了一种基于对采样起始时刻偏差和载波起始相位偏差进行估计与纠正的信道估计方法。该方法对随机传输的物理层帧之间的采样起始时刻偏差以及载波起始相位偏差的差值进行估计和纠正,使各帧获得统一的采样起始时刻和载波起始相位,从而使不同帧的信道估计结果可以互相利用,从而提高信道估计结果的精度。仿真结果表明,这种信道估计方法可使系统的误码性能提高约1dB,并且可使系统的传输效率提高约10%。     

An Efficient Genetic Hybrid PAPR Technique for 5G Waveforms

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) is a strong contender multicarrier waveform technique for the fifth generation (5G) communication system. The high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is a serious concern in designing the NOMA waveform. However, the arrangement of NOMA is different from the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. Thus, traditional reduction methods cannot be applied to NOMA. A partial transmission sequence (PTS) is commonly utilized to minimize the PAPR of the transmitting NOMA symbol. The choice phase aspect in the PTS is the only non-linear optimization obstacle that creates a huge computational complication due to the respective non-carrying sub-blocks in the unitary NOMA symbol. In this study, an efficient phase factor is proposed by presenting a novel bacterial foraging optimization algorithm (BFOA) for PTS (BFOA-PTS). The PAPR minimization is accomplished in a two-stage process. In the initial stage, PTS is applied to the NOMA signal, resulting in the partition of the NOMA signal into an act of sub-blocks. In the second stage, the best phase factor is generated using BFOA. The performance of the proposed BFOA-PTS is thoroughly investigated and compared to the traditional PTS. The simulation outcomes reveal that the BFOA-PTS efficiently optimizes the PAPR performance with inconsequential complexity. The proposed method can significantly offer a gain of 4.1 dB and low complexity compared with the traditional OFDM.     

Reducing the PAPR by utilisation of the LDPC code

Peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is a major drawback in most multi-carrier communication techniques such as orthogonal frequency division multiplex system (OFDM). OFDM consists of lots of independent modulated subcarriers, as a result the amplitude of such a signal can have very large values. These large peaks increase the amount of intermodulation distortion resulting in an increase in the error rate. The PAPR of an OFDM signal can be reduced in several ways: selective mapping, Golay sequences, cyclic coding, clipping and filtering, and multiple signal representation techniques. The authors have improved the performance of the OFDM system by using low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes as an alternative to turbo coding in mitigating the PAPR problem which has been used in the pervious works of the authors. The authors present the design for the proposed (LDPC) code technique that achieves good error correction performance and is used to lower the PAPR in a multiple-input multiple-output OFDM system. The simulation results show that 6-60- reduction in PAPR over current values in the literature can be achieved depending on the system type.     

Time domain constellation shaping technique for peak-to-average power ratio reduction

A new constellation shaping technique has been proposed, which efficiently and effectively reduces the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (OFDM) systems. Its novelty is based upon a simple transformation in the time domain instead of the commonly used frequency domain. This transformation is shown to ensure PAPR reduction regardless of the OFDM system input. As compared with previously known PAPR reduction methods, the proposed technique requires minimal implementation complexity, while it offers considerable performance gains. Closed form analytical expressions for the distribution of the PAPR and the bit error rate are derived. The accuracy of these analytical expressions is verified via equivalent performance evaluation results obtained by means of Monte Carlo computer simulations. Furthermore, performance comparisons made with other competitive techniques show that the proposed technique is an attractive alternative for PAPR reduction.     

Reducing the peak-to-average power ratio using unitary matrix transformation

A theoretical analysis is presented to show that in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems, the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) can be reduced by performing a unitary matrix transformation on the input vector of N symbols. The authors also prove that this transformation does not degrade the bit error rate (BER) or power spectral density (PSD) performance. Based on this, the inverse discrete Fourier transform matrix is proposed as the unitary matrix to reduce the PAPR. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can obtain significant PAPR reduction while maintaining good performance in the BER and the PSD. To further evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, the authors compare it with some well known PAPR reduction techniques by simulations. It is demonstrated that the proposed scheme can offer better system performance and achieve a better compromise with regard to the PAPR reduction, BER, spectral efficiency and computational complexity.     

降低多载波通信峰均比的方法探讨

分析了多载波通信系统中高峰均比问题的来源、峰均比的特性以及大峰均比对系统性能的影响,介绍了选择性映射方法、部分传输序列方法、数字信号裁剪方法等几种比较有效和实用的降低峰均比的方法,描述了这些方法的原理、实现方法和优缺点,比较了这些方法的性能和实现代价,在这些方法的基础上提出了低峰均比多载波通信系统的一般性实现方案.     

RA码在水声OFDM通信系统中的应用研究

正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM)技术由于具有频谱利用率高、抗多径能力强等优点,成为当前水声通信的研究重点和热点,但较高的峰均功率比(Peak-to-Average Power Ratio, PAPR)严重影响了水声OFDM通信系统的性能。采用重复累积码(Repeat Accumulate, RA)作为信道编码方案,并用线性反馈移位寄存器(Linear Feedback Shift Registers, LFSR)代替原RA码结构中的累加器,再通过选择映射(Selective Mapping, SLM)方法降低系统的峰均功率比。计算机仿真和水池实验结果表明,采用改进结构的RA码结合SLM技术能有效降低水声OFDM系统的PAPR,提高系统的性能,具有很好的应用前景。     

Modulation light efficiency of diffractive lenses displayed in a restricted phase-mostly modulation display

We present an analysis of the diffraction efficiency of diffractive lenses displayed on spatial light modulators that depends on the modulation response of the display. An ideal display would produce continuous phase-only modulation, reaching a maximum phase-modulation depth of 2pi. We introduce the concept of modulation diffraction efficiency that accounts for the effect of nonlinearities only in the phase modulation of the display. We review a diffractive model with which to evaluate this modulation efficiency, including modulation defects such as nonlinear phase modulation, coupled amplitude modulation, phase quantization, and a limited modulation depth. We apply this diffractive model to Fresnel lenses and show that these modulation defects produce a lens multiplex effect. Finally we demonstrate that the application of a minimum Euclidean projection principle leads to high modulation diffraction efficiency even if the phase-modulation depth is much less than 2pi. We demonstrate that the modulation efficiency can exceed 90% for a modulation depth of 1.4pi and can exceed 40% (the equivalent for a binary phase element) for a modulation depth of only 0.7pi. Experimental results from use of a twisted nematic liquid-crystal display are presented to confirm these conclusions.     

Reducing local oscillator phase noise limitations on the frequencystability of passive frequency standards: tests of a new concept

We report on the experimental test of a new concept for reducing the limitation on short-term frequency stability of passive frequency standards due to local oscillator phase noise. This concept is general and can be applied to many passive frequency standards. Systems that use sinewave modulation to interrogate a stable resonance are limited in short-term frequency stability by phase noise at the second harmonic of the modulation, f_m. This effect limits the fractional frequency stability to approximately σ_v(τ7)=0.9(f _m/ν₀) (S_φ(2f_m))^1/2τ^-1/2, where ν₀ is the carrier frequency and S_φ(2f _m) is the phase noise at twice the modulation frequency. (Contributions from higher even harmonics of the modulation generally can be neglected). This new concept uses notch filters at ±2f_m from the carrier to reduce this effect. Tests on a modified passive rubidium standard demonstrate an improvement of approximately 18 in σ_y(τ). The dual notch filters proved to be feasible and were obtained commercially. Measurements suggest that ultimate performances of less than 2×10^-14τ^-1/2 are possible if the atomic resonance has sufficient quality