我国稀土超磁致伸缩材料的研究与应用现状

概述了稀土超磁致伸缩材料的性能特点和应用领域，介绍了材料的制备方法和工艺特点，着重讨论了我国稀土超磁致伸缩材料成分、工艺的研究进展及应用现状。     

巨磁致伸缩材料及应用研究进展

巨磁致伸缩材料是20世纪70年代发展起来的新型功能材料,具有应变大,能量转换效率高等优点,在功能转换、智能驱动、智能传感等高技术领域有重要应用。简要介绍了磁致伸缩及巨磁致伸缩材料的发展历史,从稀土巨磁致伸缩材料、非稀土巨磁致伸缩材料的合金化研究、制备技术和应用技术等方面综述了我国巨磁致伸缩材料的发展历程,介绍了我国的科研工作者在巨磁致伸缩材料研究领域所取得的重要研究成果,最后对巨磁致伸缩材料发展及应用进行了展望。     

新型功能材料

稀土超磁致伸缩材料项目落户贵州 近日从贵阳市白云新材料产业园获悉,作为国家863军民两用重大高新技术项目的稀土超磁致伸缩材料已落户贵州省。 超磁致伸缩材料是制造海军军用低频大功率声呐换能器和水声对抗换能器的首选功能材料,还可应用于水下通讯、海下地貌测量、火箭定向调节、空间站与卫星控制、导弹调节、激光定位系统等,在汽车、船舶、机械制造工业、办公、家电等领域的应用也在不断扩展中。目前在国内市场上,超磁致伸缩材料的需求呈现快速增长态势。     

超磁致伸缩稀土换能器测量系统

本文介绍了一种超磁致伸缩稀土换能器测量系统，并应用此系统对超磁致伸缩稀土换能器进行了测试，得到了满意的结果。     

稀土金属功能材料研究进展与趋势

稀土永磁材料、稀土超磁致伸缩材料、稀土贮氢材料、稀土磁致冷材料、稀土功能薄膜材料是近几年发展较快的几种稀土金属功能材料，章综述了这些材料的研究概况和发展趋势。     

消息报道

世界上直径最大的稀土超磁致伸缩材料研制成功世界上直径最大的稀土超磁致伸缩材料近日研制成功。这款直径为80mm的材料由椒光集团研制,该项目已通过浙江省科技厅组织的新产品鉴定会鉴定。“此技术属国际先进水平。”中科院声学研究所研究员莫喜平说,该产品具有定向度高、磁致伸缩性能好、质量稳定等特点。此前,我国研制的稀土超磁致伸缩材料直径不超过75mm,而国外研制的产品直径不超过65mm。项目负责人李碚介绍,该项目采用真空悬浮熔铸方法进行熔炼,通过系列先进工艺控制、处理,解决了制备大直径超磁致伸缩材料的关键技术问题,生产工艺属“…     

稀土巨磁致伸缩材料的特性及应用研究进展

稀土巨磁致伸缩材料优良的特性和广阔的应用前景受到国内外材料及相关领域的专家和学者的重视,被誉为新一代的Smart材料.介绍了稀土巨磁致伸缩材料的特性和性能优势、应用及器件研究进展,展望了稀土巨磁致伸缩材料今后的研究方向和器件开发.     

Tb-Ni-Fe超磁致伸缩材料的研究

从超磁致伸缩材料的定义出发,介绍了超磁致伸缩材料的研究现状及应用,阐述了Tb-Ni-Fe超磁致伸缩材料的制备方法及简要分析了实验结果,并根据实验结果推导出成分对超磁致伸缩材料性能的影响,指出了Tb-Ni-Fe超磁致伸缩材料的研究方向.     

“稀土超磁致伸缩材料”项目最近在贵阳落户

据媒体报导，国家863军民两用重大高新技术项目“稀土超磁致伸缩材料”最近落户贵阳市白云新材料产业园。超磁致伸缩材料是制造海军军用低频大功率声纳换能器和水声对抗换能器的首选功能材料，还可以应用于水下通讯、海下地貌测量、火箭定向调节、空间站与卫星控制、导弹调节、     

退火超磁致伸缩合金中富稀土相析出物研究

对退火后超磁致伸缩合金中富稀土相析出物进行了研究，采用扫描电镜．能谱分析、X射线衍射和电阻应变片技术，着重研究了析出物的析出根源、相组成、相结构以及磁致伸缩性能．结果表明：过量稀土Ho的存在，是析出物析出的根本原因；析出物中富含稀土，主要包括立方结构DyFe2、HoFe2，六方结构Dy5Si3、Tb5Si3及立方结构Dy2O3、Ho2O3等物相；在磁场强度为400kA/m时，析出物的磁致伸缩系数约为100×10^-6，此时，已经饱和且远小于基体棒的磁致伸缩量（＞500×1010^-6）．配方中适当过量稀土，并采取适当的热处理工艺，可望制备高性能的稀土超磁致伸缩材料．     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Effect of Permeable Crystalline Material on Steel Reinforcement Corrosion of Concrete

Permeable crystalline materialcan permeate into pores and cracks of concrete and catalyze the reaction between Ca(OH) 2and unhydrated cement to generate a great quantity needle non-soluble crystals, which can stop up the pores and cracks of concrete, and increase the impermeability of concrete. This paper reported the results of a study conducted to evaluate steel reinforcement corrosion of concrete specimens uncoated and coated with permeable crystalline material as well as mixed with the permeable crystalline material. The properties evaluated for corrosion test were water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength and potential. The results of water impermeability, water absorption, compressive strength clearly showed that the permeable crystalline material could prohibit water, any soluble salts and moisture from penetrating the concrete to cause corrosion, leaking, and other problems, and it did increase the compressive strength, which was favorable for protection of corrosion of reinforcing steel. Moreover, it was concluded from the potential-time curve that the steel reinforcement of uncoated specimen was in the state of activation whereas that of other specimens coated and mixed with the permeable crystalline material was in the state of inactivation. Above all, it was indicated that the permeable crystalline materialis very effective to protect the steel reinforcement of concrete from corrosion.     

The Research and Application About "Dry Peeling Off" Technology for Airplane Surface Paint Layer

In this paper, the principle of spurting take off lacquer were introduced; and with orthogonal method the unsaturate polyester was prepared ;it was easy to peel airplane paint layer off with this material and equipment.     

Quality Study of Honeycomb Core Shaping Without Wax Stabilization

Sandwich panels utilizing honeycomb cores result in lightweight, high-strength units that are very rigid. Indeed, they give honeycomb panels the best strength-to-weight ratio of any construction type available. Conventionally, the wax is poured into the cell of the core to strengthen the structure and prevent the core from being crushed during milling. Much time and labor is required to wax, mill, and clean the cores. In this study, the process of pouring wax into the core was skipped. In other words, the cutter directly milled the core. Experiments showed that the compressive strength of the core produced without wax stabilization was only 3% lower than that of cores produced using the traditional method. In addition, the drum peel strengths of cores produced without wax stabilization were 38.4% higher than cores produced using the traditional method, in which residual wax seriously polluted the adhesive. It was also found that eliminating the wax process can reduce costs.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

In-process thermal treatment of polylactic acid in fused deposition modelling

Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most widely used open source fused filament fabrication materials due to its ease of extrusion, biodegradability, and mechanical strength. The mechanical strength of PLA largely depends on the proper growth of its semi-crystalline structure, which can be severely impaired by a low rate of crystallization, particularly in open source printers. This can be further aggravated by the non-uniform thermal distribution of heat that causes improper curing among the extruded beads of the printing material. As a result, PLA printed on open source printers does not achieve the best mechanical properties. This research, for the first time, proposes an additive-free solution implemented through a detailed set of experimentation to improve the curing rate through in-process temperature variations to cure the joints among the beads. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is used to confirm the improvements in the bead joints. This work is conducted in two phases of experiments. In the first phase, a full factorial ANOVA is used to investigate various process parameters and the important variables are used in the second phase to print test specimens in four different sets.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.