基于环境保护背景下黄桃快递包装设计

针对生鲜水果快递包装保护性高、环保性差的现状,以黄桃快递包 装为例,设计基于环境保护背景下的快递包装。首先对黄桃快递流通环境及 快递包装现状进行分析,在此基础上确定黄桃快递包装的要求及设计方案。 以固定数量和数量可选两种销售形式为设计对象,设计两种黄桃快递包装, 可满足消费者不同需求。两种方案缓冲均采用悬空式结构,具有良好的保护 性;采用全瓦楞设计,尽量减少胶带的使用,具有较好的环境友好性。对两 种快递包装缓冲结构及外箱尺寸进行计算,通过相关试验验证可知,两种方 案均可满足黄桃快递物流包装保护要求。所设计的两种黄桃快递包装方案具 备良好的缓冲、防振和堆码性能,且采用全瓦楞包装材料,绿色环保,易于 加工。     

鸡蛋的安全快递缓冲包装结构

目的目前市场上销售的鸡蛋快递包装,用户反映通过快递到消费者手中时,破损率通常会达到10%左右,给鸡蛋供应商带来严重的经济与声誉损失,急需开发满足快递国际标准的安全鸡蛋缓冲包装,大幅度降低货损。方法通过对鸡蛋脆值的实测数据、按ISTA 3A快递国际标准试验要求,采用已知动态缓冲性能的发泡塑料制作的缓冲垫和合理级别板材制作的瓦楞纸箱的结构和尺寸的科学设计,获得性价比最佳的鸡蛋安全快递缓冲包装结构,并利用多次试验的结果,进一步对设计进行修正。结果优化设计的用于装10个与20个鸡蛋的快递缓冲包装结构,能通过ISTA 3A国际标准试验要求。结论鸡蛋安全快递缓冲包装结构能够满足ISTA 3A快递国际标准的冲击试验要求,可大幅度降低鸡蛋在快递过程中的破损率。     

适于“网购”的绿色快递包装

本文结合“网购”物流的特点,分析了“网购”与快递的关系及现行快递包装所存在的问题。根据“网购”物流对快递包装的要求以及绿色设计的有关理论,提出了适于“网购”的绿色快递包装的概念,进而论述了绿色快递包装的设计策略、设计思路和设计流程。针对快递业设计适于“网购”的绿色快递专用包装,使快递包装标准化、统一化,进而建立行业共用的绿色快递包装系统,打破快递企业之间的界限,减少地域差异,从而保障“网购”实物配送的畅通。     

网购时代下快递环保包装解决策略

目的针对网购环境下的快递行业设计开发新型的绿色包装材料,建立一套可持续发展的绿色环保快递体系,从包装结构设计入手实现环保结构来减少材料的使用,以此保护环境,同时促进社会经济的良性发展。方法立足于包装设计学、材料学、统筹学及环保方面的多重专业视角和学科背景,综合运用物流学、设计学、生活美学、心理学等相关知识对快递环节的包装设计方案进行较为系统的研究。结论通过不断实验尝试各种新型环保材料及创新设计结构,实现了包装的循环使用,降低了网购商业活动对环境的污染。     

基于绿色模块化理念的共享快递包装设计

目的 针对网购市场快速增长情况下快递包装污染浪费严重、储存运输不便、市面上已有共享快递包装回收系统不环保等问题,从绿色和模块化设计角度出发,针对网购商品运输和投递中存在的问题,对快递包装进行探究,设计一款适应现代快递行情、符合绿色可循环、方便中转装卸等要求的共享快递运输包装,并提供一套相适应的物流服务流程.从功能需求与用户体验层面出发,提出关注包装结构保护性和用户体验趣味性设计理念.方法 以模块化设计为基础,依据我国目前快递运输情况,分析现有共享快递包装结构和服务流程等问题,对网购商品的共享快递包装进行改良设计.结论 设计了一款基于绿色模块化理念的共享快递运输包装.通过快递盒体的重复使用和充气式气囊的填充,解决了快递包装浪费污染等问题,增加了电子锁和包装外面卡槽设计,提升了商品在运输中的安全性,解决了共享快递包装回收与快递柜超时占用等社会问题,为同类产品设计提供了新思路.     

鸡蛋安全快递包装结构设计

目的设计一种适用于小批量多批次运输的鸡蛋快递安全缓冲包装。方法通过经典的缓冲包装六步法,设计拉伸形式的缓冲结构,计算了缓冲垫的面积与厚度,对包装件进行了强度校核,并根据ISTA3A标准对包装件进行了跌落与随机振动试验,以验证包装件的缓冲效果。结果对5箱鸡蛋进行了不同面跌落、楞跌落和角跌落的3组重复测试,结果表明其破损率远远低于目前市场上的鸡蛋缓冲包装的破损率(10%),具有良好的保护效果;随机振动试验显示,缓冲包装中鸡蛋无一破损。结论该结构具有良好的缓冲性能,能保证鸡蛋在快递运输环境下得到有效保护,具有较好的应用前景。     

前置净水器瓦楞纸板快递缓冲包装设计

目的完成前置净水器瓦楞纸板快递缓冲包装设计,达到流通中安全保护产品的目的。方法根据产品的特点特性、流通环境等因素,选择瓦楞纸板;利用雅图CAD软件为净水器设计缓冲结构和快递包装箱,并进行相关测试。结果使用该配纸的前置净水器纸板折叠式快递缓冲包装在跌高为107 cm的跌落测试,经受4 h的随机振动测试、50 kg的压力测试中,产品均完好无损。结论只要缓冲结构设计合理且选配材合适,瓦楞纸板完全能够满足净水器的快递缓冲包装需求。     

三角瓦楞缓冲衬垫设计及缓冲性能研究

目的针对瓦楞缓冲结构设计未形成完整体系的问题,研究三角瓦楞缓冲衬垫的设计及缓冲性能。方法首先,对三角瓦楞结构件缓冲机理及理论进行分析,得到三角瓦楞结构的缓冲临界承载特性;然后,以三角形支撑结构件为基础,依据三角瓦楞结构缓冲和临界承载特性建立三角瓦楞缓冲衬垫总体方案;最后,将三角瓦楞缓冲衬垫结构设计方法和步骤应用到瓦楞缓冲结构件实际设计案例中,并通过静态压缩测试试验来验证三角瓦楞缓冲衬垫的缓冲性能。结果三角瓦楞缓冲衬垫设计实例表明,三角瓦楞缓冲衬垫设计方案可用于实际瓦楞缓冲结构设计开发中,为瓦楞缓冲结构件设计提供了计算依据。结论得到了应力-应变曲线及三角瓦楞衬垫厚度和承载面积设计方法,可指导实际应用中三角瓦楞衬垫结构的缓冲设计,提升缓冲结构设计的效率。     

一种可拆卸回收的快递包装箱结构设计研究

目的 促进快递包装的重复利用,提高废弃快递包装的回收率,从源头改善快递包装的浪费和对环境的污染,在不影响产品保护的同时推动绿色包装的发展。方法 深入分析当前快递包装回收业务中存在的问题,探索如何应用可拆卸设计方法对快递包装箱的结构进行设计,研究如何对快递包装箱进行伸缩调节,以适应不同产品的运输要求,并优化拆卸、更换和组装的工序,摒除当前包装整体废弃的弊端,实现局部回收,提高快递包装的利用率。结果 该可拆卸包装箱在组装、开启、拆卸、收纳等过程中操作方便,在实操测试中用较短的时间即可完成上述工序,并在抗摔测试中能经受住装载与运输过程中的外力碰撞,能对产品起到良好的保护作用。结论 利用可拆卸设计方法对快递包装箱进行结构设计,能方便地对损坏的包装部件进行更换,能有效减少包装废弃物的产生,具有便利性、兼容性与安全性,有利于建立高效通畅的回收与再用系统,减少对资源的浪费和环境的污染,在生态保护与绿色发展等方面具有积极的意义。     

“新限塑令”背景下共享包装功能结构设计研究

“新限塑令”提出快递、电商包装污染成为中国塑料污染的一个重要环节,根据快递包装循环可持续发展理念,共享包装是有效的治理手段。共享包装设计的过程中,结构设计是关键。围绕共享包装的结构构成要素,对共享包装结构设计进行探索式研究,提出了可折叠外结构、可适配内结构与显窃启辅助结构3种形式,并对上述结构进行细化分类,以及设计规律与方法的总结。     

The Research of Anti-Wear Properties of Organomolybdenum Compounds in the Engine Oils

A four-ball tester was used to evaluate the anti-wear performance of three kinds of organomolybdemun compounds in the engine oils, i. e., molybdenum dialkyldithiophosphate (MoDDP), molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate ( MoDTC), and sulphur and phosphorus freeorganomolybdeum (Molybdate). The results indicate that a low concentration of MoDDP doesn' t improve the anti-wear properties of the commercial engine oils, but a high concentration of MoDDP can obviously improve the anti-wear properties and the load-carrying capacity of the engine oils. MoDTC doesn' t improve the antiwear properties of the engine oils, but worsens the anti-wear properties of the oils. Signifi can timprove ment of frictional and wear characteristics is obtained with Molybdate added in the commercial engine oils and the formulated oils.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Certification Becomes Important for the I Quality; and Safety Supervision of the Chinese Liquor Sector

The end of 2007, over 200 unit products of more than 80 Chinese firms have passed the quality grade certification for liquor products. These products involve distilled spirits, beer, wine, yellow wine, fruit syrup wine and others, and cover over 80% of the national top-branded liquor products.……     

Deposition and Coating Properties on CVD Tungsten

Surface characterization and microstructure studies are performed on chemical vapor deposited (CVD) tungsten coating. There is about 2 μm thickness diffusion layer of tungsten in the molybdenum substrate. The thermal shock test shows tungsten coating has good adhesion with molybdenum substrate, but the elements of oxygen and carbon in the tungsten coating have the bad affection to the adhesion. The result of high-temperature diffusion experiment is the diffusion rate from molybdenum substrate to tungsten coating is faster.     

Analysis of marine hydrobiont lipid extracts as possible cryoprotective agents

We studied a combined effect of the cryoprotectants both of lipid and carbohydrate origin at the presence of DMSO or without it on cell viability and the RNA synthesis in the embryonic mollusc and echinoderm cell cultures obtained at different developmental stages. Cryoprotective properties of exogenous lipids correlated with their thermotropic behavior. Lipid extracts from marine hydrobiontes, which thermal transitions are characterized by relatively small part of calorimetric thermogram area lying at temperatures above 0 °C (6–18%), were found to possess a considerable cryoprotective activity. The results are discussed in relation to the prediction of the cryoprotective activity of lipid extracts for marine animal cells. In addition, it was found that marine invertebrate cells can be cryopreserved without DMSO at the presence of trehalose and lipid extracts of some marine hydrobiontes.     

Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.     

Early ironwork in Biscay: Survey,excavation, experimentation and materials characterization. An integral study of the mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte or “haizeolak”)

ABSTRACT

The production of iron in Biscay (Basque Country, Spain) has been a hallmark of this territory of the North of the Iberian Peninsula throughout its history. The Archaeology team of the Basque Country Mining Museum has spent 13 years, so far, studying the origins of this activity through the evidences left at the old pre-hydraulic iron production workshops known as mountainside ironworks (ferrerías de monte) or haizeolak. It has catalogued 170 archaeometallurgical sites of this type in Biscay, and the archeological excavation of some of them has led to the knowledge of the different stages of the production process that took place in these workshops. The team has also experimentally reproduced the work carried out in a mountainside ironworks from the High Middle Ages, and it has currently started the characterization process of this type of activity through the study of the collected materials.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.