凹印机热风干燥箱射流场数值计算与分析

目的研究凹版印刷机热风干燥系统的工作特性,确定最佳干燥工艺参数。方法以FR400凹印机干燥装置为研究对象,从油墨溶剂阶段性挥发的干燥机理出发,建立多束气体冲击平面射流干燥模型;通过Fluent完成干燥箱的流体场数值计算,基于干燥箱几何结构研究热风的复杂流动状态,分析湍流产生原因及对干燥效果的影响;通过数值切片技术,提取印刷品表面热风速度和温度值,研究干燥参量波动的范围和特征,讨论不同位置处热风不均匀特征和产生机理,以及不同区域干燥过程中风速和温度的变化特征。结果干燥箱左腔体导流板两侧及右腔体上端产生湍流,风嘴之间形成了间隔分布的涡流区域;干燥箱中间区域风嘴的热风速度较为均匀,上、下两侧较差,中后部风嘴处热风温度较高,左侧区域效果较差。结论热风干燥系统的几何结构对干燥效果的影响显著,合理的干燥箱结构设计和印刷图文布置有利于印品的干燥,为干燥系统优化改进与创新设计提供了依据。     

凹版印刷机干燥箱流体动态分析及参数优化

凹版印刷机干燥箱的作用是在数秒时间内完成对印品的强迫干燥工作。干燥箱内热风动力学特性及干燥箱结构参数对干燥效果有直接影响,而干燥均匀性是表征热风动力学特性的主要指标。因此,论文对传统干燥箱热风流动进行建模,采用计算流体力学的理论与方法对热风温度均匀性进行分析。计算结果显示传统干燥箱的干燥均匀性较差。论文还对干燥箱进行了优化设计。通过对改进后的干燥箱热风流动进行建模、计算和仿真分析,并与传统干燥箱的计算结果对比,得到了改进后的干燥箱热风温度均匀性较传统干燥箱有较好改善的结论。     

烟用恒温干燥箱温度场均匀性研究

以烟用恒温干燥箱为研究对象,介绍干燥箱的基本原理和结构.通过CFD数值模拟和试验的方法对干燥箱的流场进行研究.采用SOLIDWORKS三维建模软件建立干燥箱的结构图,利用FLUENT软件仿真得到恒温干燥箱达到稳定状态时的温度场、压力场和流速场.恒温干燥箱内9个测量点的温度和风速测量值与数值模拟结果吻合较好,验证了数值模...     

基于CFD技术的立式水力碎浆机内流特性分析

目的 对立式水力碎浆机内部流场特性进行分析，为改善碎浆效果和改进碎浆机的设计生产提供一定的理论依据。方法 利用Ansys Fluent软件对水力碎浆机内部流场进行数值模拟分析，采用控制变量法研究叶片数量、转子离底间隙、扰流板数量对流场特性的影响，流场的评价指标有速度场、压力场、转子功耗等。结果 数值模拟分析结果表明，立式水力碎浆机内部流体流动为典型的轴向流动模式，叶片数量、转子离底间隙及扰流板数量对流场静压和转子功耗影响较大，对流场速度影响相对较小;当转子叶片数量为2、转子离底间隙为10 mm、扰流板数量为3时，碎浆机结构的功耗相较于原始结构的功耗降低了8.5%;内部流体流动速度也大于原始结构，碎浆效率有所提高。结论 获得了水力碎浆机的内流特性，为水力碎浆机升级改进提供了参考，从而助力纸模包装行业的发展。     

水蒸气喷射泵混合室内边界层脱离现象的计算流体力学研究

为了深入了解水蒸气喷射泵内流场结构,采用文献[1]给出的物理模型,在保持其他条件不变情况下,采用计算流体力学模拟得到不同背压下喷射泵内部压力分布图和混合室内迹线图,模拟结果与实验数据有较好的一致性。通过分析迹线图中的边界层脱离现象和压力分布图中压力的关系,得出高压力梯度作用导致了引射流体边界层分离,而边界层分离后导致有效区减小,造成引射系数急剧下降。     

印刷机进风系统的结构分析与优化

目的研究凹印机烘箱进风管道的结构,以减少管道内的涡流,提高热风流动均匀性。方法建立烘箱结构的三维模型和进风管道的流体域,确定进风系统管道结构数值模拟的可行性研究方案。设计制作烘箱管道结构的实验模型。验证理论研究和数值模拟结果的正确性。结果实验结果表明,流场的速度及压力特性与数值模拟的特征结果具有较好的一致性。结论通过三维结构建模、仿真分析和实验验证,提高了管道的热风效率,节约能耗效果显著。     

凹版印刷机干燥箱风嘴结构优化

采用计算流体动力学方法建立干燥箱空气流动模型,对干燥箱中的热空气进行数值模拟。通过模拟研究了风嘴处挡板长度L、挡板倾斜角度θ对速度分布和压力分布的影响,分析了速度大小对承印物表面遗留溶剂挥发速度的影响规律。结果表明,入口速度为8m/s,回风压力为-20pa的条件下,挡板长度L=15mm和倾斜角度θ=15°时,导致热空气堆积在干燥箱内,不能使溶剂快速挥发,风口正对承印材料处有气流反冲现象。挡板长度L=10mm,倾斜角θ=10°的风嘴结构最优。     

结构化流道近壁区软性磨粒流流动仿真及实验研究

为了揭示结构化流道近壁区软性磨粒流的压力场及速度场的分布规律,有效预测其软性磨粒流的材料去除特性,采用VOF多相流模型和RNG 湍流模型,通过对结构化流道的结构进行合理的网格划分和特殊边界条件设置,对结构化流道内部的软性磨粒流流动进行数值模拟。仿真结果表明：不同的软性磨粒流入口位置对工件加工会产生影响;结构化流道中软性磨粒流的压力场、速度场和软性磨粒流的去除率随着加工区域位置的不同而不同;加工区域入口区域的压力、速度值存在突变,为此在实际加工用引入了引流模块。流场数值模拟和实验研究结果趋势是一致的,数值模拟为深入研究软性磨粒流的基本规律提供一种理论工具     

窗式空调器用离心风机的数值模拟研究

针对空调器室外侧所采用的离心风机,采用数值模拟与实验研究相结合的方法,对其设计工况下的室外侧内部流场进行二维数值模拟,并通过实验的方法分析风机为系统提供的风量,对比分析得到2种不同类型离心风机的流动情况及性能特性。结果表明,涡轮离心风机具有效率高、流量大、结构内部流动顺畅的特点,更适合用在紧凑型空调器的室外侧,此结论为今后空调器的结构设计及性能优化提供理论依据。     

高压磨料水射流过程流场压力场数值模拟

利用计算流体力学方法对高压磨料水射流过程进行了数值模拟。应用拉格朗日随机轨道模型对固体颗粒的运动轨迹进行数值模拟,采用标准湍流模型对连续相流动进行数值模拟,得到连续相速度场和压力场分布。结果表明,颗粒直径是射流过程主要影响因素,改变系统压力和喷射靶距,可以为高压磨料水射流过程的研究提供有意义的途径。     

Estimation of Parameters of Universal Distribution of Moments of Failure of Products

A method is proposed for estimating the parameters of a mixture of exponential and Weibull distributions for which the accuracy of preliminary estimates obtained by graphical analysis is refined in accordance with the criterion of maximum likelihood. The efficiency of the proposed method is supported by the results of statistical modeling.     

Evaluation of optical properties of highly scattering media by moments of distributions of times of flight of photons

A novel method for the determination of the optical properties of tissue from time-domain measurements is presented. The data analysis is based on the evaluation of the first moment and the second centralized moment, i.e., the mean time of flight and the variance of the measured distribution of times of flight (DTOF) of photons injected by short (picosecond) laser pulses. Analytical expressions are derived for calculation of absorption and of reduced scattering coefficients from these moments by application of diffusion theory for infinite and semi-infinite homogeneous media. The proposed method was tested on experimental data obtained with phantoms, and results for absorption and reduced scattering coefficients obtained by the proposed method are compared with those obtained by fitting of the same data with analytical solutions of the diffusion equation. Furthermore, the accuracy of the moment analysis was investigated for a range of integration limits of the DTOF. The moment analysis may serve as a comparatively fast method for evaluating optical properties with sufficient accuracy and can be used, e.g., for on-line monitoring of optical properties of biological tissue.     

Assessment of intakes of mixtures of radionuclides

Australia has several uranium mines and a large number of mineral sand mines, with associated processing facilities. Exposures resulting from these mining and processing operations usually involve intakes of mixtures of radionuclides. This work describes the development of a suite of first order, linear compartment models, based on the ICRP Publication 66 respiratory tract model, and an analytical solution to the decay equations, for assessing the consequences of such intakes. The computer programs based on these models directly compute excretion, organ retention and organ and whole-body doses for intakes of either single radionuclides or any mixture of radionuclides belonging to the same radioactive decay chain. The intake can be via inhalation, ingestion or injection, and can be acute, chronic or of limited duration. The starting concentration and degree of secular (dis)equilibrium can be specified for each radionuclide. No assumptions need to be made about the relative magnitudes of the radioactive half-lives of the different nuclides.     

Estimation of potentialities of methods of summation of direct measurement errors

Conventional methods for summation of direct measurement errors are considered. Conditions under which these methods provide consistent results are stated. It is proposed to utilize for characteristic of the total error, its interval estimator or the half-sum of the value obtained by adding up its arithmetic and geometric random errors.Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 4, pp. 10–12, April, 1995.     

空压机轴承箱蜗壳温度探头油封改造

由于空压机进气侧轴承箱蜗壳温度探头密封效果不好,使空压机及其后续管道受到油污染。后将温度探头的O形圈密封改为骨架油封,杜绝了轴承箱漏油问题。文章简介空压机的结构和技术参数,详细介绍了骨架油封的制作和优点。     

Determination of parameters of microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by the method of modeling

The article suggests a method of evaluating the microstructural inhomogeneity of deformation of metals by modeling. The method includes the measurement of deformations of metal according to meshes of a dividing grid with small base and the calculation of the distribution parameters of microdeformations in model representation. It is shown that the modeling method makes it possible objectively to evaluate the microinhomogeneity of deformation of metals independently of the chosen mesh size of the dividing grid. New structural characteristics are introduced: the base and wave of variation expressing the degree of crumbling or amalgamation of metal grains by inhomogeneity of deformation.Translated from Problemy Prochnosti, No. 7, pp. 40–44, July, 1991.     

Characteristics of mechanical properties of materials in studies of conditions of attainment of marginal states

It is shown that conditions of attainment of marginal states in the material of structural components are formulated on the basis of analysis of force and deformation criteria of formation and development of destruction. The parameters of these criteria are data on types of structural materials, standard and special characteristics of their mechanical properties, structural forms of considered elements of the equipment, and their operating stress loading. In this case, the construction of a system of state equations for describing interrelation of current damage, external actions, and responses to them is based on the concept of calculating variations in properties of materials at all stages of the design life cycle.     

Analysis of anisotropy of properties on the basis of studies of texture of coarse-grained ingots of thermoelectric materials

An analysis of anisotropy of the properties of a Bi₂Se_0.3Te_2.7 solid solution was carried out using construction of demonstrative surfaces for thermoelectric effectiveness and thermal expansion coefficients. It is shown that the texture is an important factor forming anisotropy of properties and technological fitness of ingots for manufacturing modules. Anisotropy of properties based on the studies of the ingot textures obtained using the float-zone method and Bridgman method (growing thermoelectric plates in a flat cavity) was studied.