手机可用性的绩效评估实验

为了论证用户绩效测试方法的有效性，更准确的评价手机的可用性水平，该研究采用用户绩效测试的方法，对诺基亚3100与托普MT58两款手机进行可用性评估。研究表明：①用户绩效测试是一种看效的可用性评估方法，这种方法即可以鉴定不同产品的可用性程度，又可以发现产品可用性的问题；②引入操作路径长度作为手机操作的评价指标，可以更准确地评价手机的可用性水平。     

电子病历交互界面的可用性研究

目的 对电子病历的界面可用性进行研究。方法 以某院电子病历为案例,通过问卷研究和可用性测试,整理出典型的可用性问题,并通过设计实践和对比试验,对两套软件的界面可用性进行分析。 结果 重新设计的界面在可用性上有了明显提高。结论 可用性设计的标准从Nielsen等人的研究,至今已延伸出了很多内容和细节,但是这些建议和原则在各类企业管理软件（如电子病历软件）中并没有发挥作用,设计这类软件时需要注意的原则是交互操作要和用户的行为逻辑匹配,界面展示需要和用户的心理模型匹配。     

基于企业单位通讯录系统设计与实现

通过对企业单位的研究调查,企业单位人员多,部门科室机构较繁杂,记录人员信息工作量大,且修改不方便。人员之间相互查询相关信息更加不方便,这样就需要有一个易于操作和维护的通讯录给彼此提供信息,尤其是对业务部门来说,更需要有详细的,且能方便查询相关人员的信息资料。随着计算机技术的发展,计算机为此提供技术支持,有通讯录系统。通讯录系统中保存着每一位在职人员的详细信息。本通讯录实现修改、查询,管理员可以添加、删除、修改所有信息。同时还实现相互发送消息的功能。使用计算机通讯录系统对企业单位人员联系信息进行系统管理,比手工管理方便快捷。     

基于眼动追踪的智能电视界面可用性评估研究

目的 分析智能电视界面交互设计的合理性,以及眼动追踪在电视界面可用性评估中的可行性。方法 采用主客观结合的可用性评估研究方法,对智能电视界面设计进行评估与优化。以TCL-V7300智能电视为实验对象,使用Tobii X120眼动仪对45名被试进行眼动测试,分为自由浏览界面和用户任务测试两个测试阶段。客观可用性评估采用基于眼动追踪得到的眼动指标(热点图、AOI首次注视时间、AOI注视率、注视轨迹)和行为指标(任务完成时间、任务成功率)进行客观结果分析;主观可用性评估通过用户访谈,获取被试对测试点的理解和使用感受。最终针对智能电视界面的可用性问题,进行了界面优化设计及效果评估。结论 主客观可用性评估测试符合眼动追踪实验设计原理,是具有普适性的智能电视界面可用性评估方法。     

基于用户体验的云建模平台界面设计研究

目的 从用户体验视角出发,探究运用于云建模平台的界面设计策略。方法 通过用户在使用云建模平台时的视觉感知体验、交互感知体验和心理感知体验三个维度,对比和分析两款云建模平台（Onshape、Fusion 360）的异同点与优缺点,提出基于用户体验的云建模平台界面设计策略,根据该策略对云图三维云建模平台的界面进行优化设计,最终以可用性测试检验该策略的有效性。结论 通过对两款云建模平台在视觉、交互、心理三个维度上的体验分析,得出以下四类设计策略：强化使用过程的专注度、提升界面使用的友好度、增强实时协作界面可视化和注重细节设计的精致化,运用上述四类设计策略指导设计实践可有效提高云建模平台的可用性与用户满意度,为云建模平台提供界面设计依据与新的设计导向。     

针对网页视觉设计的视觉搜索能力研究

考察两种典型网页视觉设计形式（丰富与简练）及两种语言系统（中文与英语）对用户视觉搜索能力在搜索时间、错误及满意度三个变量上的综合性影响.28名参试者随机分为两组在两种模拟网页上执行视觉搜索任务.方差分析结果表明：①目标呈现在信息密度大、视觉冲击强的网页上时,用户搜索时间显著增加而错误及满意度并没有明显恶化;②语言因素对人们视觉搜索能力的影响并不显著.     

Web表单出错信息的可用性

Web表单就是网页上可输入信息的表格。当用户输入信息发生出错时,能否提供尽可能简单又能迅速引导用户纠正出错的出错信息是Web表单可用性设计的一个重要方面。本文首先从出错信息的内容及呈现方式的可用性两个方面回顾了以往的研究。然后,在总结以往研究的基础上,着重讨论了出错信息的实证研究的必要性、用户出错处理过程的研究的必要性、以及出错信息研究中的新技术应用等问题。最后,提出了未来研究中值得关注的方向。     

近十年面向老年用户的界面可用性研究

目的通过对近10年国内外相关文献进行综合分析,分析面向老年用户的界面可用性研究的现状及发展趋势,为提升面向老年用户的界面设计可用性提供思路和指导,以期通过提高面向老年用户的界面设计水平,激发老年用户积极参与互联网生活,提升老年用户的生活品质。方法利用Citespace软件和CNKI计量可视化分析工具,分析国内外面向老年用户的界面可用性研究的关键文献、热点领域、研究机构及测量方法等问题。结论当前面向老年用户的界面可用性研究主要基于老年人的功能能力,以认知障碍为主要线索进行研究;主要集中在康复医疗、机器人等领域,且致力于提升老年用户在新技术环境下的使用体验;面向老年用户的界面可用性测量方法更加多样化,利用新技术评估界面可用性水平可提高可用性测量的准确性。     

基于眼动视觉跟踪技术的新闻类APP界面可用性研究

目的 分析用户在真实动态浏览新闻类APP的视觉规律及典型界面设计的可用性评价,提出有利于提升用户体验的新闻类APP界面设计建议。方法 分析现有的3款新闻类APP界面的信息构架和图文布局,归纳为两点式、四点式、五点式的信息构架,以及左文右图、右文左图、上图下文和上文下图4种图文构建方式,通过眼动视觉跟踪技术,对眼动指标（轨迹图、热点图、焦点图、网格图）及行为指标（误操作、犹豫点）进行分析,针对用户浏览时的表现,以用户访谈的形式询问用户的理解和操作行为,进行新闻类APP界面可用性评估。结果 提出了更有利于新闻类APP阅读的界面设计建议。结论 此次可用性评估测试是基于APP的动态眼动仪测试,是具有普适性的新闻类APP用户界面设计的可用性评估方法。     

一种面向移动APP的半自动化可用性测试方法

目的建立一种半自动化可用性测试方法,为研究人员在使用传统可用性测试方法识别移动APP可用性问题时所需成本过高的问题提供一种解决思路。方法使用数据采集工具CAUX,在用户执行测试任务的过程中以屏幕录制的方式自动捕获用户行为数据。利用图像对比技术从录屏数据中提取实际的任务执行序列,然后与预期的任务执行序列进行对比,自动提取存在可用性问题的页面和相关的用户行为数据,并输出一份问题页面报告。根据报告内容可以快速确定可用性问题。最后以虾米音乐作为案例进行对比实验来验证方法的可行性。结果使用该方法发现了传统方法难以发现的绝大多数存在可用性问题的页面及其可用性问题。结论该方法通过远程自动捕获和半自动分析用户执行测试任务时的录屏数据,可以有效发现APP在日常使用环境中存在的可用性问题,从而降低了可用性测试成本,有助于新手研究人员的使用,并很好地推动产品的快速迭代。     

Network Quality Assessment in Heterogeneous Wireless Settings: An Optimization Approach

The identification of an effective network which can efficiently meet the service requirements of the target, while maintaining ultimate performance at an increased level is significant and challenging in a fully interconnected wireless medium. The wrong selection can contribute to unwanted situations like frustrated users, slow service, traffic congestion issues, missed and/or interrupted calls, and wastefulness of precious network components. Conventional schemes estimate the handoff need and cause the network screening process by a single metric. The strategies are not effective enough because traffic characteristics, user expectations, network terminology and other essential device metrics are not taken into account. This article describes an intelligent computing technique based on Multiple-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) approach developed based on integrated Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS which ensures flexible usability and maximizes the experience of end-users in miscellaneous wireless settings. In different components the handover need is assessed and the desired network is chosen. Further, fuzzy sets provide effective solutions to address decision making problems where experts counter uncertainty to make a decision. The proposed research endeavor will support designers and developers to identify, select and prioritize best attributes for ensuring flexible usability in miscellaneous wireless settings. The results of this research endeavor depict that this proposed computational procedure would be the most conversant mechanism for determining the usability and experience of end-users.     

基于控制策略数据的ACC切入场景下HMI设计研究

目的 通过基于控制策略数据的智能汽车自适应巡航控制功能的人机界面设计研究、实践和评估,为自动驾驶汽车中的智能功能HMI设计提供参考方法和指导.方法 首先通过大量查阅文献资料,了解ACC功能在切入场景下的运行逻辑和控制策略参数.然后结合驾驶员操作及认知任务,抽离出汽车HMI中进行展示的数据信息.最后通过信息架构设计、基础元素设计和多屏互动方案设计等设计分析和实践,对切入场景下汽车多屏HMI进行设计.结果 对ACC功能切入场景下的设计方案进行了可用性测试评估,结果显示ACC的HMI设计方案逻辑清晰,有较高的可用性.结论 基于控制策略数据的HMI设计,能有效帮助设计人员进行复杂汽车智能功能的人机交互设计,提高HMI可用性.     

多感官交互通道对智能家庭影音产品的可用性体验影响研究

目的 基于可用性体验,探究智能家庭影音产品中的多感官交互通道适配组合。方法 首先通过文献研究归纳整理智能家庭影音产品中不同感官交互通道的优势和局限性;其次采用问卷调查法获取实证研究数据,并使用探索性因子分析测试问卷信效度;最后利用基于复杂性理论的模糊集定性比较分析法(fsQCA)识别智能家庭影音产品中的多感官交互通道适配组合。结果 存在5种适配组合支持高可用性体验;存在2种组合导致低可用性体验。结论 导致低可用性体验的组合反映了单一感官交互通道的固有局限性;支持高可用性体验的组合反映了多感官交互通道组合的互补性;两类组合的发现表明多感官交互通道的适配组合,有助于改善智能家庭影音产品的可用性体验。未来研究可以基于这些发现来调查多感官交互通道适配组合,对不同用户人口统计和背景的不同影响。这将有助于拓宽多感官交互通道及其对可用性体验影响的深入理解。     

基于文献计量学的界面设计可用性中外对比研究

目的 全面对比分析国内外学界界面设计可用性研究的异同,发现我国目前研究现状及问题。方法 将国内外数据库Web of Science(WOS)以及China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)作为数据来源,通过科学文献计量学对现有文献资料进行可视化分析。结论 界面设计可用性研究国内外文献产出趋势较为一致,总体呈上升趋势,但近年来波动较大且有下降的发展趋势;工科、计算机相关学科的优势院校为研究主体;国内外的热点研究主题既有相似性又有异质性,相似性方面表现在研究主题总体一致均形成了四个主要研究聚类、国内外学界均重视用户研究,强调从用户角度出发以及均呈现出较强的学科交叉融合特性;异质性方面表现在国际学界更加重视基础理论研究,而国内学界则更多是具体的应用研究,国内学界数据收集、分析方法有待充实;研究创新性以及研究特色不强,亟需发展自己的研究特色是现阶段我国研究的主要局限。     

Fuzzy Based Decision-Making Approach for Estimating Usable-Security of Healthcare Web Applications

Usability and security are often considered contradictory in nature. One has a negative impact on the other. In order to satisfy the needs of users with the security perspective, the relationship and trade-offs among security and usability must be distinguished. Security practitioners are working on developing new approaches that would help to secure healthcare web applications as well increase usability of the web applications. In the same league, the present research endeavour is premised on the usable-security of healthcare web applications. For a compatible blend of usability and security that would fulfill the users’ requirments, this research proposes an integration of the Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS method for assessing usable-security of healthcare web applications. Since the estimation of security-usability accrately is also a decision making problem, the study employs Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) for selecting the most decisive attributes of usability as well as security. Furthermore, this study also pinpoints the highest priority attributes that can strengthen the usable-security of the healthcare web applications. The effectiveness of the suggested method has been tested on the healthcare web applications of local hospitals in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. The results corroborate that Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS is indeed a reliable technique that will help the developers to design a healthcare web applications that delivers optimum usable-security.     

Toward methods for supporting the anticipation-feedback loop in user interface design

Recent research has compared different usability evaluation methods with respect to their effectiveness and efficiency. The paper analyses the impact of different usability evaluation methods on design problem-solving processes of individual designers and evaluators. It is proposed that usability evaluation methods have to be divided into two categories according to their fundamentally different way of supporting the design for usability: (1) guideline-based methods and (2) methods based on the mental generation of scenarios and anticipation of user goals. We present data from an experimental study that shows that these two types of methods entail differences in the perspective-taking processes. Furthermore, the results indicate that the methods have a differential impact on the general problem-solving strategy, i.e. whether to use a top-down, breadth-first or a depth-first approach. Possible implications for the development of techniques that support the design of usable systems are discussed.     

The effect of cognitive and affective aspects on usability

Studies on customer’s needs, desires and preferences have become highly important in the product design and development process. One consideration in usability is the cognitive aspect, which is related to the accommodation and evaluation of human cognitive capabilities, limitations and tendencies. In addition to the cognitive aspect, a recent study has shown that the affective aspect has been considered in the evaluation of product usability. Thus, both cognitive and affective aspects are deemed to be important for product design and the development process. Inherently, both aspects deliver complete human and product interaction and experience. However, studies that consider the affective process as a complement to the cognitive process for usability are relatively rare. To address this gap, this study discusses how an integrative framework of the cognitive and affective aspects can be applied to a product for usability assessment via empirical studies on e-commerce and e-learning platforms. The sample involved 230 respondents, using purposive sampling. The result shows that both cognitive and affective aspects have a significant effect, although with different weights. The affective aspect has been shown to improve product usability and user’s acceptance.     

Probing the effects of culture on the communication of websites design

Cultural diversity makes it impossible for designers to depend on instinctive knowledge or personal experiences. Therefore, it is vital to understand the requirements, communication patterns, and mental models of users from diverse cultures. The aim of this research is to probe whether incorporating cultural factors into web design can improve the web communication (usability). In this research, two cultures are selected based on Hofstede's cultural dimension model, and the local website audit is further constructed to check if there are significantly different preferences for a web interface design between two cultures (Taiwanese and Australian cultures). The web usability experiment is then established to test if those culturally preferred characteristics can improve the web communication (usability). The results of the usability test reveal that cultural preferences can facilitate the web communication. Furthermore, the suggestions for cross-cultural interaction design are concluded based on the results of the web communication evaluation.

Relevance to human factors/ergonomics theory

This research is relevant to human factors/ergonomics theory.