配对材料对Al—10SiCp复合材料滑动磨擦性能的影响

通过对Ａｌ－１０Ｓｉ／ＳｉＣｐ－４０Ｃｒ、Ａｌ－１０Ｓｉ／ＳｉＣｐ－Ｈ６２、Ａｌ－１０Ｓｉ／ＳｉＣｐ－Ａｌ－１０Ｓｉ／ＳｉＣｐ三对摩擦副的研究，发现配对材料对复合材料的抗磨损性能影响很大。结果表明，在试验条件下４０Ｃｒ钢适合与该铝基复合材料配对使用，而黄铜和该材料配对使用，则会大大降低复合材料耐磨损性能。另外，在较低载荷条件下，Ａｌ－１０Ｓｉ／ＳｉＣｐ自配对磨损率很低，亦能自配对使用。     

用纯金属粉料制备高性能SiCp／Al复合材料

本文以Ａｌ，Ｃｕ，Ｍｇ等纯金属粉料及普通工业磨料用ＳｉＣ颗粒为原料，借助于液相烧结及热挤压工艺，制备了１０％ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ和２０％ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ复合材料，并对其性能，基体成分的均匀性及ＳｉＣ颗粒与基体界面的结合状况进行了测试分析。研究结果表明，按此工艺制备的１０％ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ复合材料具有很高的力学性能，由于该工艺简单易行，无需特殊设备，故具有低成本的优点。本文试验还表明，过度强化热挤压工艺有时会     

SiCp／Al复合材料的微观结构与界面

对用压力铸造法制造的碳化硅颗粒增强铝合金（ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ）复合材料的微观结构和界面进行了研究。结果表明：碳化硅颗粒在复合材料中均匀分布，复合材料的基体中有较高的位错密度，碳化硅颗粒中有少量的层错。研究还发现ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ复合材料中界面结合良好，没有反应物生成，并且在界面处没有发现孔隙存在。在复合材料拉伸断口上没有发现裸露的碳化硅颗粒，说明在复合材料拉伸破坏时ＳｉＣｐ－Ａｌ界面没有开裂，反映了压铸ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ复合材料中良好的界面结合。     

降低SiCp／Al气孔率的研究EI

分析了ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ复合材料中气体的来源。通过理论模型和实验分析，发现颗粒带入熔体中的气体是复合铸造法制备的ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ复合材料中气孔的主要来源。颗粒带入的气体可分为ＧⅠ和ＧⅡ两种类型。降低ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ的气孔率应从根本上杜绝气体的来源着手，特别应对颗粒带入的气体引起重视。稀释中间复合材料法正是根据这一思路设计的制备ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ的新的工艺方法。实验结果表明，利用该工艺制备的ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ复合材料的气孔率明显降低。     

碳化硅和氧化铝陶瓷的热等静压氮化

通过对无压烧结、热压烧结和热等静压烧结ＳＩＣ陶瓷以及热压烧结的ＳｉＣ粒子补强Ａｌ２Ｏ３基复相陶瓷（ＳｉＣｐ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３）和ＳｉＣ粒子与ＳｉＣ晶须共同增强的Ａｌ２Ｏ３基复合材料（ＳｉＣｐ－ＳｉＣｗ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３）在氮气氛中进行高温氮化处理，成功地实现了这些材料的开口气孔表面裂纹的愈合。研究表明：热等静压氯化工艺可以显著提高ＳｉＣ和Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷的抗弯强度，对断裂韧性也有较大的改善作用。对于热等静压烧结ＳｉＣ陶瓷，在１８５０℃和２００ＭＰａ氮气压力下氯化处理１小时后，其抗弯强度和断裂韧性分别由５８２ＭＰａ和５．７ＭＰａ·ｍ１／２提高到９０７ＭＰａ和８．４ＭＰａ·ｍ１／２；对于热压烧结的ＳｉＣｐ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复相陶瓷和ＳｉＣｐ－ＳｉＣｗ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合材料，在１７００℃和１５０ＭＰａ氮气压力下氮化处理１小时后，其室温抗弯强度分别由４６０和７０５ＭＰａ提高到８９５和１０３３ＭＰａ。     

SiC颗粒粒度对熔铝氧化渗透合成SiCp/Al2O3-Al复合材料微观断裂机制的影响

首次采用Ｘ光电子谱仪（ＸＰＳ）对熔铝氧化渗透合成的ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３０－Ａｌ事材料断口表面进行定量相分析,并通过与金相分析所确定的材料中各夺应相含量一一进行对比,进而确定出裂纹穿过各组成相的优选程度,实现了该多元复合材料微观断裂机制的定量表重。研究结果证实：ＳｉＣ颗粒粒度对该材料的微观断裂机制有着至关重要的影响,室温及高温的力学性能测试结果表明,根据微观断裂机制优化出的ＳｉＣ颗粒粒度为１０μｍ的Ａｌ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ基复合材料,其力学性能总体水平优于国外同类产品。     

添加Al_2O_3对SiC板粒／Y－TZP复合材料力学性能的影响

本文以ＳｉＣ板粒、ＺｒＯＣｌ２－８Ｈ２Ｏ、ＡｌＣｌ３和Ｙ（ＭＯ）３为原料，利用共沉淀和热压烧结工艺，制备ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＰ和（含Ａｌ２Ｏ３）ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＰ复合材料．测试了材料的室温和高温力学性能．研究了添加Ａｌ２Ｏ３对ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＯ复合材料的影响．结果表明，ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＰ复合材料与Ｙ－ＴＺＰ陶瓷相比，其室温强度和韧性出现明显下降，高温强度也没有改善；而在ＳｉＣ板粒与Ｙ－ＴＺＰ复合的基础上，添加Ａｌ２Ｏ３可明显提高材料的强度和断裂韧性，同时，材料的高温强度也获得显著改善．     

SiCw／Al—Li复合材料的热处理强化效应

本文系统地探讨了热处理工艺对ＳｉＣｗ／Ａｌ－Ｌｉ复合材料的时效强化特性的影响。研究表明，ＳｉＣ晶须的加入显著加速了Ａｌ－Ｌｉ合金的时效析出过程，在１９０℃时效条件下，ＳｉＣｗ／Ａｌ－Ｌｉ复合材料在６ｈ就已达到峰值时效，提高固溶温度可以增加复合材料的峰值时效硬度，而增加固溶时间对峰值硬度无明显的影响。     

添加Al2O3对SiC板粒／Y—TZP复合材料力学性能的影响

本以ＳｉＣ板粒、ＺｒＯＣｌ２·８Ｈ２Ｏ、ＡｌＣｌ３和Ｙ（ＭＯ）３为原料，利用共沉淀和热压烧结工艺，制备ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＰ和（含Ａｌ２Ｏ３）ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＰ复合材料。测试了材料的室温和高温力学性能。研究了添加Ａｌ２Ｏ３对ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＯ复合材料的影响。结果表明，ＳｉＣ板粒／Ｙ－ＴＺＰ复合材料与Ｙ－ＴＺＰ复合材料与Ｙ－ＴＺＰ陶瓷相比，其室温强度和韧性出现明显下降，高温强度也没有改善；     

重熔铸造SiC_p/Al复合材料研究前景

综述了ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ复合材料的发展概况及应用前景，分析了重熔铸造法制备ＳｉＣｐ／Ａｌ复合材料中需要解决的问题，技术难点及解决的基本方法。     

SiC 和Gr 颗粒混杂增强Al 基复合材料的摩擦磨损特性的研究

比较了SiC 和Gr 颗粒混杂增强Al 基复合材料的干摩擦磨损行为, 并与单一SiC_P 和单一G_rP 增强Al 基复合材料的相应行为进行了比较。结果表明, 在低载荷(< 30 N ) 时, SiC_P 和G_rP 能协调作用, 使混杂复合材料的摩擦系数和磨损率均比单一SiC_P 和G_rP 增强复合材料低。在较高载荷(30～ 120 N ) 时, 混杂复合材料磨损以剥层磨损机制为主, 摩擦系数比单一SiC_P 增强复合材料低, 磨损率比单一G_rP 增强复合材料低得多, 比单一SiC_P 增强复合材料高。混杂复合材料对偶件的磨损比单一SiC_P 增强复合材料低得多。      

复合区体积分数对氧化锆增韧氧化铝颗粒/40Cr空间结构复合材料冲击磨损性能的影响

为研究空间结构复合材料中复合区体积分数对复合材料冲击磨损性能的影响,采用挤压铸造法制备了不同复合区体积分数(35vol%、50vol%、65vol%)的氧化锆增韧氧化铝颗粒(ZTA_P)三维网络增强40Cr钢基复合材料(ZTA_P/40Cr空间结构复合材料),经过850℃淬火和460℃回火,在冲击功为1.5 J下进行无磨料冲击磨损实验。结果表明:复合区体积分数为35vol%、50vol%、65vol%的ZTA_P/40Cr空间结构复合材料磨损率分别为4.68×10?3 cm3/h、3.40×10?3 cm3/h、1.04×10?3 cm3/h,ZTA_P/40Cr复合材料和40Cr钢的磨损率分别为13.41×10?3 cm3/h和79.87×10?3 cm3/h。ZTA_P/40Cr空间结构复合材料的耐磨性随复合区体积分数增加而提高。进一步分析表明,ZTA_P/40Cr空间结构复合材料的冲击磨损机制包含表面发生的磨粒磨损和黏着磨损,主要是基体黏着和整个表面被犁削及亚表层萌生的疲劳磨损,是由反复冲击过程中产生的ZTA_P破碎和ZTA_P与40Cr界面开裂导致的材料块状脱落。      

Dry sliding wear of eutectic Al–Si

The wear of as-cast eutectic Al–Si was studied using pin-on-disk tribotests in two different environments, air and dry argon. The counterface in all tests was yttria-stabilized zirconia. It was found that wear of the Al–Si was reduced by about 60% by the removal of oxygen from the test environment. The zirconia counterfaces showed measurable wear after tests performed in air, while there was very little wear of the zirconia for tests conducted under argon. The near-surface regions of the Al–Si pins were examined using a transmission electron microscope (TEM), using specimens produced by focussed ion beam milling. The specimens that had been worn in air were characterized by a near-surface mechanically mixed layer containing a considerable amount of both aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide—the aluminum oxide particles had evidently acted as abrasive agents to remove material from the zirconia counterface. In contrast, TEM analysis of the Al–Si tested in argon showed little zirconium oxide in the near-surface regions.     

Effect of SiC content and sliding speed on the wear behaviour of aluminium matrix composites

In the present study effect of SiC content and sliding speed on the wear behaviour of aluminium alloy and composite was studied using pin-on-disc apparatus against EN32 steel counterface. These tests were conducted at varying SiC particles in 10, 15 and 25 wt.% and sliding speeds of 0.52, 1.72, 3.35, 4.18 and 5.23 m/s for a constant sliding distance of 5000 m. The results revealed that as the SiC content increases the wear rate and temperature decreases, but reverse trend can be observed for coefficient of friction. All these facts can be discussed on the basis of prevailing wear mechanism.     

绿色气相缓蚀剂的复配及其缓蚀性能研究

目的 为解决单组分绿色气相缓蚀剂缓蚀性能差的问题,复配一种绿色复合气相缓蚀剂,探究其对碳钢和黄铜金属试样的缓蚀作用。方法 采用腐蚀质量损失、接触角、电化学等试验测试分析复合气相缓蚀剂对碳钢、黄铜的缓蚀效果与成膜耐久性。结果 复合气相缓蚀剂对10号钢、H62黄铜的缓蚀效率分别为84.71%、91.67%,缓蚀性能显著优于单组分气相缓蚀剂;复合气相缓蚀剂在10号钢、H62黄铜表面均形成了缓蚀膜,H62黄铜表面形成的缓蚀膜较10号钢的更具耐久性。结论 与单组分气相缓蚀剂相比,该复合气相缓蚀剂对碳钢、黄铜均具备良好的缓蚀作用,为绿色气相缓蚀剂的防锈包装应用提供支撑。     

Wear of crosslinked polyethylene under different tribological conditions

Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) wear debris has been shown to be a major cause of long term failure of total joint replacements. Recently, crosslinking has been extensively introduced to reduce the wear of UHMWPE. In this study the wear of non-crosslinked and crosslinked UHMWPE were compared under a range of conditions. The materials examined were UHMWPE GUR 1050, non-crosslinked, moderately crosslinked—5MRad, and highly crosslinked—10MRad. The wear was examined on a multidirectional pin on plate rig. The effect of counterface roughness on wear under different kinematics was examined. The results from the different counterface conditions showed that highly crosslinked UHMWPE had significantly lower wear against both smooth and scratched counterfaces. However the reduction in wear for crosslinked polyethylene was less for scratched counterfaces. The second part of the study showed that all the UHMWPE's produced lower wear rates under lower multidirectionality because of reduced cross shear frictional forces and work. These findings are relevant to the consideration of the use of crosslinked polyethylene in the knee, where the kinematics have lower levels of cross shear and in the hip and knee against roughened metallic counterfaces.     

SiC含量对混杂复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

研究了ＳｉＣ含量对ＳｉＣ和石墨（Ｇｒ）颗粒混杂增强铝基复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。Ａｌ／ＳｉＣ＋Ｇｒ的磨损率随ＳｉＣ含量升高先下降,在２０ｖｏ％时达到最低值;然后则随ＳｉＣ含量升高而升高。当载荷为２０Ｎ时,摩擦系数随ＳｉＣ含量同而升高。当载荷为６０Ｎ时,摩擦系数与ＳｉＣ含量关系不大。     

基体各类对混杂复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响

研究了基体种类对SiC和石墨（Gr)颗粒混杂增强铝基复合材料的摩擦磨损性能的影响。各种铝基体的混杂复合材料的耐磨性有明显差异,纯铝基混杂复合材料具有最好的耐磨性,其次是A356,2024和6061为基体的混杂复合材料。     

Effect of the SiC particle size on the dry sliding wear behavior of SiC and SiC–Gr-reinforced Al6061 composites

The effect of size of silicon carbide particles on the dry sliding wear properties of composites with three different sized SiC particles (19, 93, and 146 μm) has been studied. Wear behavior of Al6061/10 vol% SiC and Al6061/10 vol% SiC/5 vol% graphite composites processed by in situ powder metallurgy technique has been investigated using a pin-on-disk wear tester. The debris and wear surfaces of samples were identified using SEM. It was found that the porosity content and hardness of Al/10SiC composites decreased by 5 vol% graphite addition. The increased SiC particle size reduced the porosity, hardness, volume loss, and coefficient of friction of both types of composites. Moreover, the hybrid composites exhibited lower coefficient of friction and wear rates. The wear mechanism changed from mostly adhesive and micro-cutting in the Al/10SiC composite containing fine SiC particles to the prominently abrasive and delamination wear by increasing of SiC particle size. While the main wear mechanism for the unreinforced alloy was adhesive wear, all the hybrid composites were worn mainly by abrasion and delamination mechanisms.     

纳米SiC和微米SiC填充聚醚醚酮的磨损机理研究

利用热压法分别以纳米ＳｉＣ和微米ＳｉＣ作为填产制取了两类不同ＳｉＣ填充的聚醚醚酮复合材料，并对它们在干摩擦条件下的摩擦磨损性能进行了研究，同时还用扫描电子显微镜对摩擦表面形貌进行了观察，进而对材料的磨损机理作了分析与讨论。研究结果表明，１０％（ｗｔ）纳米ＳｉＣ作为填料能有效的改善其填充聚醚醚酮的摩擦磨损性能，而相同含量的微米ＳｉＣ作为填为只能使其填充聚醚醚酮的耐磨性能有所改善，但没有减摩效果。微米